1,720,985 research outputs found
Painful Hashimoto's thyroiditis: myth or reality?
No full textNeck pain is a common complain, being in most cases due to non-thyroidal causes. However, a minority of patients suffer from painful thyroid diseases. Among them, sub-acute thyroiditis (SAT) is the most frequent one. Rare thyroid-related causes of neck pain include hemorrhage within a thyroid nodule as well as Riedel's thyroiditis and suppurative thyroiditis. In the last 30 years, a few cases of a painful variant of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) have been described. Biochemical, ultrasound, and histologic features were clearly suggestive for HT in all of the published cases and definitely ruled out the diagnosis of SAT. While sound descriptions of painful HT are present in the literature, it is important to emphasize that only 20 cases were reported from the year 2000 until now. The condition, however, is clinically relevant because neck pain was reported to be refractory both to steroids and to other analgesic drugs, being thyroidectomy the only effective treatment for pain relief in these patients. This short review analyzes currently available data supporting a role for HT as a rare cause of neck pain
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Two Patients with Resistance to Thyroid Hormone
No full textBackground: Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a genetic disease characterized by a reduced responsiveness of the pituitary and peripheral target tissues to thyroid hormone. We describe two patients with RTH in whom differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) was diagnosed. Patient findings: In both patients RTH was unequivocally diagnosed and both underwent thyroidectomy for multinodular goiter. In Patient # 1, histology showed a papillary thyroid carcinoma pT2. Because of serum TSH levels were elevated even while the patient was taking 150 μg daily of levothyroxine (LT4), the patient was treated with 131I 100 mCi for ablation of the thyroid remnant without discontinuing his LT4 therapy. We obtained a clinically adequate response by administering LT4 175 μg/day (2.18 μg/kg), but the serum TSH was persistently elevated on this dose. The patient was considered free of disease after eight years of follow-up. In Patient # 2, histology revealed a papillary microcarcinoma (0.6 cm). Diagnostic whole-body-scan was performed while the patient was taking 100 μg/day LT4, a time that his serum TSH was 38 μU/ml). Only a small remnant was revealed so 131I remnant ablation was not performed. While taking LT4 at a dose of 175 μg/day (3 μg/kg), the serum TSH was persistently high, serum thyroid hormone levels were in the normal-high range and he appeared to be clinically euthyroid. There has been no evidence of persistent or recurrent thyroid carcinoma in ultrasonography and Tg measurements that have been performed on a yearly basis for three years. Conclusion: Patients with thyroid carcinoma and RTH are a unique model of thyroid cancer where follow-up likely occurs in the setting of constantly elevated serum TSH concentrations. The concern in these patients is that their persistent elevation of serum TSH may have an adverse effect on their thyroid cancer and management choices in terms of the dose of LT4 that provides the optimum lowering of serum TSH without toxicity are difficult, particularly in the situation where, as was the case with one of our patients, there was cardiac disease
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Discovery, preclinical development, and clinical application of pralsetinib in the treatment of thyroid cancer
No full textIntroduction: The use of targeted drug therapies has substantially increased in the treatment of RET-mutated thyroid and other solid cancers over the last decade. Multi-Kinase Inhibitors (MKI) have been approved by FDA, but limited efficacies and side effects make them uneasy to tolerate. Pralsetinib is an oral highly selective RET inhibitor drug that has been generated and clinically validated to have higher potency and less toxicity. Areas covered: The present paper offers a brief summary of RET-related thyroid cancer genetics, an overview of the preclinical development of pralsetinib and reviews its clinical validation in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Expert opinion: Pralsetinib is a new generation oral treatment that has been approved by the FDA for patients with RET-mutated thyroid cancer. Pralsetinib showed a safer toxicity profile compared to previously approved MKI, probably due to lower inhibition of other tyrosine kinases, especially VEGFR. The approval study ARROW trial showed that patients with RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer had a better overall response rate to pralsetinib compared to standard-of-care treatments. Additional clinical trials or data enrichment of existing databases are desirable in order to verify and further describe the clinical benefit of pralsetinib in such patients to fully understand its pharmacological profile
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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