1,721,112 research outputs found
Gender and its Morphological Effects
No full textIn the prevailing linguistic literature, gender is considered as a morphosyntactic property to which agreement is sensitive. Gender is widespread in the world’s languages; there are, however, many languages that lack it, though they may have systems of noun classification for reasons other than grammatical agreement. Gender agreement is an asymmetrical relation in the sense that one member of the agreement relation (the target) depends on the other member (the controller) for the gender property. The element that governs the relation (nouns and, in some languages, deictic pronouns) has lexical gender, though it is not necessarily arbitrary. Where nominal properties and agreement behavior suggest different genders, agreement is the decisive indication of gender. The assignment of gender to nouns always has a nucleus in which semantics operates, above all grounded on distinctions of animacy, humanness, and biological sex; yet often, formal criteria, either alone or together with semantics, determine gender ascription, with the possibility that the gender of some nouns remains unpredictable. In some languages, gender is expressed in the pronominal system only; the existence of grammatical gender in these languages is controversial. Across the languages of the world, gender shows a great variety in the type of agreeing elements and also in the formal devices employed to mark it
Catalan
Full text linkThis chapter presents a general overview of the phonetics and phonology of Catalan, taking into consideration both segmental and suprasegmental phenomena. The chapter provides an updated state-of-the-art report of the most recent investigations in this area. Though the report concentrates on the standard variety, Central Catalan, we also highlight the rich dialectal variation that affects both segmental and prosodic properties. After a brief introduction to the dialectal distribution of the language, the first part of the chapter is devoted to segmental phonology. In this part, we first present the basic segmen-tal inventories of the language, as well as syllable structure types; we then describe the phonological processes that affect both vocalic and consonantal systems. The prosodic part of the chapter covers the main prosodic characteristics of the language, followed by a description of the intonational variation found for a variety of sentence types
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Aspectes fonològics del català de la comarca de la Selva
Full text linkEn aquest treball es presenten alguns dels aspectes més destacats de la fonologia del català parlat a la comarca de la Selva. A partir de 34 entrevistes realitzades a informants de dues generacions diferents de 17 municipis selvatans, el treball descriu els trets observats i planteja també una anàlisi de la variació observada entre els diferents municipis i entre les dues franges d'edat enquestadesThis paper presents some of the most salient features found in the phonology of Catalan spoken in the region of La Selva, in North-Eastern Catalonia. Using data from 34 interviews carried out with speakers from two age groups in 17 municipalities in La Selva, we describe the phonological features and we analyse the variation observed between the speakers of the two generations and between the different municipalitie
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Aspectes fonològics del català de la comarca de la Selva
No full textEn aquest treball es presenten alguns dels aspectes més destacats de la fonologia del català parlat a la comarca de la Selva. A partir de 34 entrevistes realitzades a informants de dues generacions diferents de 17 municipis selvatans, el treball descriu els trets observats i planteja també una anàlisi de la variació observada entre els diferents municipis i entre les dues franges d'edat enquestadesThis paper presents some of the most salient features found in the phonology of Catalan spoken in the region of La Selva, in North-Eastern Catalonia. Using data from 34 interviews carried out with speakers from two age groups in 17 municipalities in La Selva, we describe the phonological features and we analyse the variation observed between the speakers of the two generations and between the different municipalitie
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