177,455 research outputs found
Changes in the mRNA abundance of FcXTH1 and FcXTH2 promoted by hormonal treatments of Fragaria chiloensis fruit
No full textOpazo, MC (Opazo, M. C.)[ 1 ] ; Lizana, R (Lizana, R.)[ 1 ] ; Pimentel, P (Pimentel, P.)[ 1 ] ; Herrera, R (Herrera, R.)[ 1 ] ; Moya-Leon, MA (Moya-Leon, M. A.)[ 1 ] Univ Talca, Inst Biol Vegetal & Biotecnol, Lab Fisiol Vegetal & Genet Mol, Talca, ChileChilean strawberry (Fragaria chiloensis) is a berry fruit with excellent organoleptic properties, however its fast softening limits its commercialization. Fruit softening is related to cell wall degradation and several related enzymes have been studied in strawberries, including xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH). Two XTH genes have been identified in F. chiloensis, FcXTH1 and FcXTH2. FcXTH1 transcripts increased during fruit growth and softening, while FcXTH2 transcripts were high in vegetative tissues. XTH gene expression seems to be regulated in plants by different factors including hormones. To test their responsiveness, fruit were treated with auxin, abscisic acid, gibberellins and ethylene, and the expression of FcXTH isoforms was analysed. qPCR analysis revealed a significant variation in the expression of FcXTH genes after hormone treatments, showing an activator effect of auxins and GA(3) on both FcXTH genes, an inhibitory effect of ethylene on FcXTH2, and an inductive effect of ABA on FcXTH1 gene expression. FcXTH1 and FcXTH2 gene promoters were cloned and in silico analysed to reveal putative cis elements. Different regulatory elements responding to hormones were found in each promoter sequence. The changes in expression in response to hormone treatments are consistent with the regulatory elements described in the promoter sequences of FcXTH genes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
From textbook to patient: a practical guide to train the end-to-side microvascular anastomosis
No full textMicrovascular anastomosis is one of the most challenging neurosurgical techniques. Mastering this technique allows to perform intracranial bypass with arteries of small caliber usually placed in deep narrow surgical fields. The aim of this paper is to describe step by step end-to-side microanastomosis training method by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel tubing as it is easily reproducible. The tubing comes in sizes from 0.3 mm to 5 mm and has a texture and consistency similar to real vessels. This is based on the Teishinkai Hospital anastomosis technique. Continuous practice in microvascular anastomosis is of great importance in training vascular neurosurgeon. The PVA hydrogel tubing described in this article are useful and cost-effective material in the training of microvascular anastomosis. This practical guide model is easy to set up for repeated practice, and will contribute to facilitate ‘off-the-job’ training by young neurosurgeons and the development and maintenance of microsurgical skills in both resident neurosurgeons and experts who wish to master the various levels of anastomosis technique. There is no shortcut to master this technique, only hard work and perseverance
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Aportación al conocimiento del contenido ruminal de la cabra montés y muflón en la Reserva Nacional de Caza de la Muela de Cortes (Valencia)
No full text[ES] Sobre un total de 49 animales abatidos durante los últimos años en la Reserva Nacional de Caza de La Muela de Cortes en Valencia se han estudiado las plantas que forman su dieta alimentaria. Para ello se ha analizado el contenido estomacal, identificando los restos vegetales ingeridos.Martínez, C.; Alba, R.; García-Post, R.; Sánchez, M.; García-Bacete, I.; Sanchís, G.; Lizana, V.... (2011). Aportación al conocimiento del contenido ruminal de la cabra montés y muflón en la Reserva Nacional de Caza de la Muela de Cortes (Valencia). Foresta. 51:70-75. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/87335S70755
Preinvex Functions And Weak Efficient Solutions For Some Vectorial Optimization Problem In Banach Spaces
No full textIn this work, we introduce the notion of preinvex function for functions between Banach spaces. By using these functions, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality for vectorial problems with restrictions of inequalities. Moreover, we will show that this class of problems has the property that each local optimal solution is in fact global. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.485-6885895Clarke, F.H., (1983) Optimization and Nonsmooth Analysis, , Wiley New YorkCraven, B.D., Nonsmooth multiobjective programming (1989) Numer. Funct. Anal. Optimiz., 10, pp. 49-64Minami, M., Weak Pareto-optimal necessary conditions in a nondifferential multiobjective program on a Banach space (1983) Journal Optim. Theory Appl., 41, pp. 451-461Mishra, S.K., Mukherjee, R.N., On generalised convex multiobjective nonsmooth programming (1996) Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society Ser B, 38, pp. 140-148Osuna Gómez, R., Programación con objetivos múltiples: Dualidad (1995) Doctoral Thesis, , Universidad de Sevilla New YorkOsuna Gómez, R., Rufián-Lizana, A., Ruíz-Canales, P., Multiobjective fractional programming with generalized convexity (2000) Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa Top 8, 1, pp. 97-110Osuna-Gómez, R., Beato-Moreno, A., Rufián-Lizana, A., Generalized convexity in multiobjective programming (1999) Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 233, pp. 205-220Osuna-Gómez, R., Rufián-Lizana, A., Ruíz-Canales, P., Invex functions and generalized convexity in multiobjective programming (1998) Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 98, pp. 651-661El Abdouni, B., Thibault, L., Lagrange multipliers for Pareto nonsmooth programming problems in Banach spaces (1992) Optimization, 26, pp. 277-285Coladas, L., Li, Z., Wang, S., Optimality conditions for multiobjective and nonsmooth minimisation in abstract spaces (1994) Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society, 50, pp. 205-218Brandão, A.J.V., Rojas-Medal, M.A., Silva, G.N., Optimality conditions for Pareto nonsmooth nonconvex programming in Banach spaces (1999) Journal Optim. Theory Appl., 103, pp. 65-73Mangasarian, O.L., (1969) Nonlinear Programming, , McGraw-Hill New YorkElster, K.H., Nehse, R., (1980) Optimality Conditions for Some Nonconvex Problems, , Springer-Verlag New YorkHanson, M.A., On sufficiency of the Kuhn-Tucker conditions (1981) Journal Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 80, pp. 545-550Hanson, M.A., Invexity and the Kuhn-Tucker theorem (1999) Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 236, pp. 594-604Hanson, M.A., Mond, B., Convex transformable programming problems and invexity (1987) Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 8, pp. 201-207Luenberger, D.G., (1969) Optimization by Vector Spaces Methods, , John Willey & Sons New YorkCraven, B.D., (1995) Control and Optimization, , Chapman & HallDunfort, N., Schwarz, J., (1957) Linear Operators, Part I, , InterscienceGirsanov, I.V., (1972) Lectures on Mathematical Theory of Extremum Problems, Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 6
Some relations between variational-like inequality problems and vectorial optimization problems in Banach spaces
No full textAbstractIn this work, we will establish some relations between variational-like inequality problems and vectorial optimization problems in Banach spaces under invexity hypotheses. This paper extends the earlier work of Ruiz-Garzón et al. [G. Ruiz-Garzón, R. Osuna-Gómez, A. Rufián-Lizana, Relationships between vector variational-like inequality and optimization problems, European J. Oper. Res. 157 (2004) 113–119]
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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