1,721,021 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
La conception des artefacts : approches épistémologiques, anthropologiques et didactiques
Get PDFCette habilitation à diriger des recherches se concentre sur la conception des artefacts et privilégie un ancrage théorique en regard de la poïétique (réflexion sur le faire), des sciences humaines et plus précisément de la didactique du design. Dans cette perspective, nous questionnons les processus, les démarches ainsi que les différents modes de pensée mobilisés pour générer des idées et leur mise en œuvre dans les projets. Pour cette recherche, nous interrogerons la genèse de l’artefact, qu’il s’agisse de l’œuvre ou du produit, de l’objet du quotidien, de l’objet banal, de l’objet social, de l’objet technique ainsi que du dispositif et du système technique. Ces objets sont artificiels. Ils ont donc été pensés et réalisés par l’être humain de manière intentionnelle. En cela, ils relient les concepteurs aux usagers et sont représentatifs du contexte qui les a faits naître. Cette activité créatrice, productrice d’artefacts, trouve certaines origines dans la conception architecturale qui, par l’ars et la technê, instaure des manières d’habiter le monde en relation avec son époque. Elle a donc un rôle central, et constitue une base fondamentale commune aux différents métiers de la conception, à savoir le design, l’architecture, le stylisme, l’ingénierie, les métiers d’art, l’artisanat…De plus, cette activité intellectuelle et pratique dépasse les métiers de la conception et, par les usages, sensibilise les utilisateurs à envisager le monde par ces objets techniques à forts potentiels anthropologiques, ce qui nous interroge sur la nécessaire démocratisation des différents savoirs engagés par celle‑ci. Dans les formations utilisant les démarches de création, la conception peut agir comme un levier permettant d’émanciper la pensée du concepteur, de modifier ses points de vue, de penser en projet, de devenir acteur au sein de nos démocraties pétries de savoirs techniques.This habilitation to conduct researches focuses on the conception of artefacts and favours a theoretical grounding in poetics (reflection on doing), the human sciences and, more specifically, didactic of design. From this perspective, we question the processes, approaches and different modes of thinking used to generate ideas and implement them in projects. For this research, we will be looking at the genesis of the artefact, whether it be the work or the product, the everyday object, the commonplace object, the social object, the technical object, the device or the technical system. These objects are artificial. They have been intentionally thought out and created by human beings. In this way, they link the designers to the users and are representative of the context in which they were created.
This creative activity, the production of artefacts, has certain origins in architectural design, which, through ars and technê, establishes ways of inhabiting the world in relation to its time. It therefore plays a central role, and forms a fundamental basis common to the various conceptual professions: design, architecture, styling, engineering, arts and crafts, etc.
What's more, this intellectual and practical activity goes beyond the design professions and, through its uses, makes users aware of the need to consider the world through these technical objects with strong anthropological potential, which raises questions about the need to democratise the different types of knowledge involved. In training courses using creative approaches, design can act as a lever to emancipate the designer's thinking, to modify his or her points of view, to think in project terms, to become an actor within our democracies steeped in technical knowledge.Swissuniversitie
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The ineluctable quest of spirit in architecture
No full textLa forme suit l’esprit. Tout projet d’architecture doit se doter d’esprit. Cela fait sens, de faire démarrer le projet par ce souffle conceptuel, cet esprit qui va créer la forme. Une architectonique instaurée par le spirituel et en lien avec l’habiter, pour en faire une architecture qui a une âme, animée par une pensée ! Ceci permet de fonder une méthode à l’établissement du projet architectural. Des projets conçus à partir d’une pensée singulière forte sont étudiés afin de dégager l’essence et le sens du spirituel en architecture. Quatre types d’apports théoriques sont observés : le premier sert à l’histoire et à la théorie de l’architecture. Le deuxième sert le projet d’architecture en relatant les démarches spirituelles de six architectes modernes et contemporains. Le troisième prouve l’immuabilité des démarches spirituelles. Le quatrième dégage le facteur spirituel, commun à toutes les démarches, servant à engendrer l’œuvre architecturale singulière.Form follows spirit. Every architecture project should get hold of a spirit. It is meaningful hence to start the project with a conceptual inspiration, the spirit who will create the form. Architectonic is derived from the spiritual and related to the dwelling to attain a soulful architecture yet moved by one though.This enables the elaboration of a methodology for the architectural project.Projects that were conceived out of one and only powerful though are surveyed so as to reveal the essence and meaning of the spiritual in architecture. Four types of theoretical approaches are observed. The first caters for the history & theory of architecture. The second attends to the architectural project by narrating the respective spiritual processes of six contemporary and modernist architects. The third asserts the immutability of the spiritual processes. The fourth reveals the spiritual dimension that is common to all processes and that helps in begetting the unique architectural opus
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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