1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A propriedade intelectual da biotecnologia em alimentos funcionais
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Florianópolis, 2020.O presente estudo desenvolve-se no contexto da propriedade intelectual da biotecnologia em alimentos funcionais. Considera a demanda cada vez mais crescente por alimentos, a segurança alimentar e o direito humano à alimentação adequada como a justificativa da presente pesquisa. Concentra-se, em especial, nos alimentos funcionais, em razão da sua finalidade medicinal e favorecimento à saúde humana. Desse modo, investiga a (in) suficiência e a (in) eficiência do contexto regulatório da propriedade intelectual da biotecnologia em alimentos funcionais, com o objetivo de identificar as principais dificuldades do contexto jurídico brasileiro, que obstam o desenvolvimento das criações em alimentos funcionais, com o fim de propor as medidas necessárias para a harmonização dessa conjuntura. O estudo é desenvolvido sob a ótica da Análise Econômica do Direito, como teoria de base. O método de abordagem utilizado foi o método hipotético-dedutivo. Os métodos de procedimento empregados foram o método estruturalista, a partir da composição de aspectos regulatórios isolados com relação à regulamentação sobre alimentos, biotecnologia, biodiversidade, indústria e propriedade intelectual para a construção de um modelo explicativo da proteção das criações em alimentos funcionais, que só apresenta sentido se analisado dentro da estrutura como um todo; também empregou-se o método estatístico para a elaboração da coleta e análise de dados relativa aos depósitos de patentes de invenção sobre alimentos funcionais, por meio de representações gráficas. As técnicas de pesquisa foram baseadas em documentações diretas e indiretas, na primeira, procedeu-se com a pesquisa de campo, sendo realizada a coleta de dados, em 2018, junto ao INPI/AECON, do período de 2005-2015, a partir da definição de seis categorias, que englobaram subclasses da Seção A do IPC, referente aos alimentos funcionais, para a obtenção dos dados foi utilizado o instrumento BADEPI/INPI; quanto às documentações indiretas foram realizadas a identificação, levantamento e análise da bibliografia, legislação, normas administrativas, decisões judiciais, indicadores nacionais e relatórios de instituições de pesquisa, pertinentes ao tema. Os resultados indicam que os depósitos de patentes de invenção em alimentos funcionais foram realizados majoritariamente por não residentes, em especial pertencentes aos Estados Unidos e países europeus, além disso os indicadores apontam que há depósitos pendentes de análise com mais de dez anos e os índices de abandono, no recorte da pesquisa, totalizaram 44%. A conclusão da presente pesquisa, por sua vez, identifica que o sistema jurídico brasileiro de proteção intelectual das criações em alimentos funcionais é suficiente, mas ineficiente para a viabilização de um ambiente favorável para o desenvolvimento dessa biotecnologia. Demandando, portanto, a harmonização do sistema, já existente, da propriedade intelectual da biotecnologia em alimentos funcionais.Abstract: The present study is developed in the intellectual property of biotechnology in functional foods context. It considers the increasing demand for food, food security and the human right to proper food as the main reason for this research. It focuses, in particular, on functional foods, due to their medicinal purpose and favoring human health. Thus, it investigates the (in) sufficiency and (in) efficiency of the biotechnology intellectual property regulatory context in functional foods, aiming to identify the main difficulties of the Brazilian legal context, which hinder the creations development in functional foods, in order to propose the necessary measures to harmonize this situation. The study is developed having the perspective of Economic Analysis of Law as the theory base. The approach method used was the hypothetical-deductive method. The procedural methods used were the structuralist method, based on the composition of isolated regulatory aspects in relation to the regulation on food, biotechnology, biodiversity, industry and intellectual property for the construction of an explanatory model for the protection of creations in functional foods, which only makes sense if analyzed within the structure as a whole; the statistical method was also used to elaborate the data collection and analysis related to the functional foods invention patents filing, through graphic representations. The research techniques were based on direct and indirect documentation; the first one proceeded with the field research, and was followed by the data collection, in 2018, with the INPI / AECON, from the period 2005-2015, with the definition of six categories, which included subclasses of Section A of the IPC, referring to functional foods. the BADEPI / INPI instrument was used to obtain the required data; concerning the indirect documentation, the identification, survey and analysis of the bibliography, legislation, administrative norms, judicial decisions, national indicators and reports of research institutions, relevant to the theme, were made. The results indicate that the invention patents on functional foods were deposited mainly by non-residents, especially from to the United States and European countries, in addition, the indicators point out that there are deposits with pending analysis within more than ten years and the dropout indexes, in the survey scope, totalized 44%. This research conclusion, in turns, identifies that the Brazilian legal system for the intellectual protection of creations in functional foods is sufficient, although it is inefficient to enable a favorable environment for this biotechnology development. It demands, therefore, the harmonization of the biotechnology intellectual property in functional foods already existing system
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A PROTEÇÃO POLÍTICO-JURÍDICA DO REFUGIADO AMBIENTAL
Get PDFO presente estudo versa sobre o surgimento de uma nova categoria de refugiados, deslocados territorialmente em razão das modificações ambientais causadas pela degradação e deterioração do meio ambiente, que atualmente encontram-se desprovidos de amparo jurídico e definição política para que haja efetivação de seus direitos, denunciando a violação de direitos humanos e a omissão da comunidade internacional. Diante disso, busca-se analisar a possibilidade de readequação do Estatuto dos Refugiados de 1951 a partir da modificação do rol de causas que definem a condição de refugiado, inserindo a causa ambiental a fim de contemplar uma nova categoria: os refugiados ambientais. Atualmente tal categoria não possui reconhecimento jurídico, fazendo emergir a necessidade da instituição de mecanismos que atendam e proporcionem assistência à problemática. De tal forma, o presente trabalho justifica-se por evidenciar uma situação nova, onde há a violação de direitos básicos da pessoa humana, tornando urgente a contemplação dos refugiados ambientais pelo Estatuto dos Refugiados de 1951
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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