17 research outputs found
Efek Substitusi Akor Dan Tangga Nada Pentatonik Pada Mood Dalam Piano Jazz
No full textPenelitian ini berjudul "Efek Substitusi Akor Dan Tangga Nada Pentatonik Pada Mood Dalam Piano Jazz". Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan teknik improvisasi piano jazz dengan cara menggunakan substitusi akor dan tangga nada pentatonik sebagai bahan eksplorasi. Penggunaan substitusi akor sangat membantu dalam mengembangkan improvisasi sehingga dapat menambah nuansa baru. Penulis memilih lagu Are You Happy karya Yohan Kim untuk digunakan sebagai sarana eksplorasi yang representatif. Dalam menerapkan improvisasi tangga nada pentatonik, penulis menggunakan akor yang sudah disubstitusi sebagai acuan dan pondasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tahapan pengumpulan data yang terdiri dari observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan wawancara, kemudian analisis data yang didukung oleh metode eksplorasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari proses penelitian dan penyajian yang sudah dilakukan, penulis menerapkan tangga nada pentatonik serta akor substitusi ke dalam improvisasi lagu Are You Happy karya Yohan Kim. Penulis berhasil menghadirkan ‘mood’ yang berbeda, unik dan baru dengan menerapkan improvisasi tangga nada pentatonik dan mensubstitusi akor improvisasi. Penerapan Tritone substitusi di akor ii dan V7 dalam improvisasi lagu tersebut bisa memberi pilihan tangga nada pentatonik dan bisa mengembangkan mood dalam berimprovisasi. Penerapan substitusi akor ke dalam improvisasi menggunakan tangga nada pentatonik dengan berbagai macam variasinya mampu menghasilkan mood yang berbeda.Kata kunci: Pentatonik, substitusi akor, improvisasi AbstractThis research is titled "The Effects of Chord Substitution and Pentatonic Scale on Mood in Jazz Piano." The aim of this study is to develop jazz piano improvisation techniques by using chord substitutions and the pentatonic scale as exploration materials. The use of chord substitution is highly beneficial in enhancing improvisation, adding new nuances to the music. The author chose the song "Are You Happy" by Yohan Kim as a representative tool for exploration. When applying pentatonic scale improvisation, the author used substituted chords as references and foundations.The research methodology employed in this study is qualitative research, involving data collection stages such as observation, documentary study, and interviews. Data analysis is supported by exploration methods and drawing conclusions. Through the research process and presentation, the author applied the pentatonic scale and chord substitutions to the improvisation of the song "Are You Happy" by Yohan Kim. The author successfully introduced a different, unique, and new mood by applying pentatonic scale improvisation and chord substitutions. The implementation of Tritone substitution in the ii and V7 chords in the improvisation of the song provides options for pentatonic scales and contributes to mood development in improvisation. The application of chord substitution in improvisation using the pentatonic scale, with its various variations, can generate different moodsKeywords: pentatonic, subtitution acord, improvisatio
Trafficking of women in Nigeria: Causes, consequences and the way forward
No full textThe phenomenon of the trafficking of women, especially of young
girls and women into exploitative sexual and commercial labor, has recently
begun to attract local, national and international attention from world leaders,
academics, the mass media, advocacy groups, the clergy and humanity in
general. This is against the back drop of the fact that the trafficking of women
has a number of far-reaching socio-economic, health and political consequences.
Several factors, among them poverty, unemployment, ignorance and family size
have been implicated as being reasons why women fall easy preys to the antics
of traffickers. From available statistics, we can say that about 500,000 women
are brought into the United States of America and Europe yearly for sexual and
domestic servitude. Of the over 70,000 African victims of women trafficking,
Nigerian women account for 70 percent of those trafficked to Italy alone. Fighting
the menace requires a coordinated and concerted push from all stakeholders. This
paper presents the causes and consequences of the trafficking of women from
Nigeria to America and Europe. Empirical evidence indicates that the activities
of traffickers, corrupt embassy officials, the country’s porous borders, poverty,
refusal of victims to expose traffickers, delay in prosecuting apprehended culprits
and biting youth unemployment have “conspired” to undermine the battle against
the illicit trade. The paper makes far-reaching recommendations about how to
mitigate the identified obstacles
IDENTIFIKASI AKOR GITAR DENGAN ALGORITMA CROSS SPECTRAL ELIMINTAION PADA WIGNER-VILLE DISTRIBUTION
No full textABSTRAKSI: Musik bagaikan bahasa. Contohnya adalah paragraf ini. Terdiri dari kalimat-kalimat. Masing-masing kalimat terdiri dari kata-kata. Kata-kata ini terdiri dari huruf-huruf. Dan huruf-furuf ini diambil dari abjad yang sudah di kenal. Musik juga memiliki abjad yang di sebut tangga nada (scale).Setiap nada identik dengan huruf yang nantinya bersama-sama membentuk chord (identik dengan kata-kata). Manusia seringkali salah dalam mengerti katakata orang. Demikian juga dengan musik. Seringkali manusia menikmati musik dan ingin memainkannya. Namun manusia memiliki pendengaran yang terbatas terhadap suara. Hanya orang yang memiliki musikalitas yang dapat melakukannya. Oleh karena itu penulis membuat aplikasi untuk menampilkan akor dari sebuah rekaman gitar sehingga pengguna dapat mengetahui akor yang dimainkan pada rekaman tersebut.Pada Tugas Akhir ini sistem menggunakan file suara rekaman gitar dalam bentuk *.wav. Sinyal suara tersebut dideteksi dengan Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD), dimana sinyal suara tersebut direpresentasikan dalam domain waktu frekuensi dengan resolusi yang tinggi. Kemudian hasil ekstraksi tersebut dianalisa frekuensinya sehingga dapat ditentukan akor yang terbentuk pada file suara rekaman gitar tersebut. Kecenderungan dari Wigner-Ville Distribution ini adalah munculnya sinyal asing yang tidak diinginkan yang disebut cross term atau cross spectral. Hal ini dapat mengurangi akurasi. Untuk mengatasinya maka akan digunakan Cross Spectral Elimination untuk menekan cross spectral sehingga akurasi pendeteksian semakin baik.Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian untuk mengetahui akurasi sistem,yaitu ketepatan antara akor yang diidentifikasi sistem dengan dengan akor sebenarnya. Hasil dari pengujian sistem yaitu didapat akurasi sistem sebesar 59%-73%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan metode yang di pakai ini kurang stabil dalam menganalisa akor gitar.Kata Kunci : wigner ville distribution, cross spectral elimination, gitar, chord, wavABSTRACT: Music is like a language. This paragraph is the example. Consist of sentences. Each sentences consists of words. These words are composed of the letters and the letters of the alphabet is taken from the already known one. Music also has the alphabet which called ( scale). Each tone is identical with the letters that will together forming a chord. Human are often wrong in understading the words of people. So it is with music. People often enjoy music and and want to play it. But humans have a hearing limitaion to sound. Only some section of people who has high musicality can do it. Therefore, the author make an application to display the chord from a guitar rocording so the users can know the chord that being played on the recordingIn this final project the system using the *wav file of the guitar play recording. The sound signal will be detect by Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD), where the sound signal will be represented in the time-frequency domain with the high resolution. Then, the extracted signel’s frequency will be analyze so that we can decide the chord that formed in the guitar reording. The tendency of the WVD is the emergence of unwanted signel which called cross term or cross spectral. This can reduce the accuracy. To fix it we will use Cross Spectral Elimination to suppres the cross term and get the better accuracy.In this project , the test will be conducted to determine the accuracy of the system, which comparing the indentified chord of the system with the real chord from the recording. The result from the test of the system is the accuracy obtained by 59%-73%. It can be concluded that the method used is quite not stable to analyze the guitar chord.Keyword: wigner ville distribution, cross spectral elimination, gitar, chord,*wa
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF POLITICAL THUGGERY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF OFU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThuggery is a destructive force that erodes the fabric of society and breeds fear and distrust. It fosters a disregard for the rule of law and the principles of justice even as it erodes the values of empathy, compassion and respect for others, leading to a breakdown of social order. Societies afflicted by thuggery suffer from increased crime rates, reduced quality of life and a general sense of unrest and anarchy. Thuggery, especially its political variant, is a form of social violence which poses immense challenge to the security of lives and property of Nigerians and undermines the socio-economic and political development of the nation. This study interrogated the causes and effects of political thuggery on the socio-economic and political development of Ofu Local Government Area, Kogi State, Nigeria. Data for the study were collected from 384 respondents who were selected using the purposive and systematic random sampling techniques. Questionnaire, In-depth Interview (IDI) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were used to elicit data from respondents while the resultant quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22.0. The Frustration Aggression Theory was adopted to provide theoretical pathway for the study. Findings from the study attributed political thuggery in Ofu Local Government Area Kogi State Nigeria, to a plethora of factors, among which are: unemployment, frustration, and bad governance. The study recommends the initiation of aggressive skill acquisition and job creation programmes by the Kogi State Government to effectively engage the army of unemployed youth in the study area to divert them from political thuggery while law enforcement should be strengthened to prosecute state and non-state actors found to be the sponsors of thugs whom they deploy to snatch ballot papers and engage in mayhem before, during and after elections in the study area, to serve as deterrent to others
APPRAISAL OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMPULSORY TREATMENT AND CARE FOR VICTIMS OF GUNSHOT ACT 2017 IN NIGERIA
No full textThere has been a disturbing spike in gunshot wounds world-wide. America, for instance, has an estimated 90 million firearms in civilian hands. A total of 48,830 people died from gun-related injuries in the U.S. in 2021, an increase of 32% since 2019.The prevalence of gunshot injuries has attracted concerns from governments, victims and family members, hospital administrators, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), medical practitioners, the mass media and the academia. Such concerns are germane because gunshot injuries (GSI) constitute a major health challenge worldwide, with direct burdens on health service and the economy. One worrisome dimension however, is that many people have died from gunshot injuries on account of hospitals’ insistence on mandatory police report. In order to halt this, the Nigerian government enacted the Compulsory Treatment and Care for Victims of Gunshot (CTCVG) Act of 2017. This study appraised the implementation of the CTCVG Act. The paper utilized the documentary method to gather data and adopted the rational choice theory to provide theoretical direction for the work. A major revelation is that the CTCVG Act lacks legal validity because it is not listed in the 68 items covered under the exclusive and concurrent lists of the 1999 Nigerian Constitution. It was revealed that more than five years after its enactment, only three States, Rivers, Lagos and Delta, have domesticated the CTCVG Act. Also revealed is that in spite of the Act, many hospitals still shun gunshot victims without police report. Another finding blamed the reluctance of medical personnel on persistent police harassments. The paper recommends a meeting of the Attorneys-General of the 36 States and the Attorney General of the Federation, to propose a bill to include the Act in either the Legislative or Concurrent lists to fast track its domestication; proper sensitization and training of police and medical professionals on the provisions of the Act to forestall abuse; prosecution of breaches of the Act to guarantee compliance by hospitals and security agents while Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), human rights activists and other stakeholders, should enlighten individuals on the provisions of the law and how to enforce their rights
Trends, Patterns and Consequences of Cybercrime in Nigeria
No full textAdvancement in information and communication technology (ICT) has created room for the emergence of cybercrime. Access to computers, the internet and security vulnerabilities in cyberspace have made the perpetration of cyber-related crimes more pervasive. The advent of mobile phones and other computer devices in Nigeria and the provision of internet services by accredited Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) providers has endeared the internet to many Nigerians. Unfortunately, several functionalities of web browsers are vulnerable to cyber[1]attacks, thereby exposing internet users to cybercrime victimization. While several crimes are daily committed through the internet, many Africans and indeed, Nigerians, are yet to develop adequate technical capacity and knowledge to mitigate cyber criminality. Cybercrimes in Nigeria are executed through identity theft, hacking, phishing, software piracy, etc. This paper examined the trends, patterns and consequences of cybercrime in Nigeria. Relying on secondary data sources, the paper noted that successive Nigerian governments have attempted to combat cybercrime through the promulgation and deployment of the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, etc.) Act 2015. The Nigerian police and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) have waged continuous war against cybercriminals by arresting and prosecuting many suspects. However, despite government’s efforts, consistent tactic updates and changes in strategies have frustrated the apprehension of many cybercriminals. The paper recommends constant training and retraining of law enforcement agents to tackle the menace. Internet users should secure their computer system by enabling firewalls, guarding against revealing personal details, and ignoring emails requesting them to verify their information or confirm username ID or password
Kidnapping : A Lucrative Crime in 21st Century Nigeria
No full textThe rising incidence and prevalence of kidnapping in Nigeria have continually generated concern in both academic and non-academic circles The phenomenon of kidnapping constitutes a serious threat to life and serves as a major drawback to the nation s drive for sustainable economic growth anchored on direct foreign investment The paper relies on both primary and secondary sources and notes that kidnapping is caused by grinding poverty spiraling unemployment the criminal quest for material acquisition and a weak security system The paper recommends the initiation of pro-poor poverty eradication programs creation of employment opportunities strengthening of the security architecture enactment of appropriate laws and the adoption of capital punishment to stem the tide of kidnapping which has become a lucrative crime in 21st century Nigeri
The Impact of Socio-demographic Variables on Maternal Healthcare Accessibility among Women of Reproductive Age in Zamfara State, Nigeria
No full textNigeria's maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 814 per 100,000 live births starkly contrasts with developed countries, where the ratio is significantly lower at 1 in 4900. This places Nigerian women at a substantially higher risk, with a 1 in 22 chance of maternal death during pregnancy or childbirth. Access to quality maternal healthcare is severely hampered by various socio-demographic factors such as education, income, occupation, and geographical location. Zamfara State, in particular, ranks poorly on these indices, with the highest rates of out-of-school children and women lacking formal education, alongside a significant proportion of impoverished and vulnerable individuals. These socioeconomic challenges exacerbate barriers to maternal health services for women in Zamfara State. Addressing these underlying determinants is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes in the state. This study, focusing on women of reproductive age in Zamfara State, employed the Social Determinants of Health Theory to underscore that health outcomes are shaped by societal conditions and policies. The sample size of the study consisted of 382 respondents. Closed ended questionnaire was the major instrument of data collection. Data collected was analyzed quantitatively with aid of SPSS Version 20. Key findings emphasized that higher levels of education and income significantly enhance willingness and access to maternal healthcare services among women in Zamfara State. The study recommends enhancing healthcare infrastructure, improving transportation, and addressing security in high-risk areas. Tailored educational programs are crucial in Quranic education communities to dispel healthcare misconceptions. Governments and NGOs should create economic opportunities for women to ensure affordable healthcare and improve maternal health outcomes in Zamfara State
Erebia manto
No full textErebia manto (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) —This European endemic has rarely been recorded in the Balkans, and is known only from Mt. Vlašić and Mt. Trebević in Bosnia (Rebel 1904; Sijarić 1982). For Montenegro it was recorded by Koçak (1989), Jakšić & Pešić (1995) and Jakšić (2003b). More precisely, it was observed in two localities in the Prokletije mountain range, namely Čakor pass based on one male specimen collected on July 13th 1978 (Koçak 1989) and another male on July 18th 1988 (Jakšić & Pešić 1995) and from the Karanfili massif, near Gusinje (Jakšić 2003b). The species has been reported for the fauna of Serbia (Jakšić & Pešić 1995; Jakšić 2003b; Jakšić et al. 2013) since the eastern ranges of Mt. Čakor were within the boundaries of the Federal Republic of Jugoslavia in 1995, when the paper was published. However, currently Čakor pass is within Montenegrin territory. The author along with Martin Gascoigne-Pees visited Čakor pass on July 14th 2017, however the species was not observed. Several entomologists have also visited this mountain pass, but have not reported E. manto (Weiss 1975; Floriani & Saldaitis pers. comm.) The status of E. manto in the Prokletije range has yet to be confirmed, since there are no photographic records and the author is not aware of any preserved specimens.Published as part of Franeta, Filip, 2018, Checklist of the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Montenegro, pp. 128-148 in Zootaxa 4392 (1) on page 142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4392.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/119549
“600 Meter” Komposisi untuk Formasi Combo Band: Sebuah Inspirasi dari Mengendarai Mesin Motor 2 Stroke
No full textPada penelitian ini, penulis melakukan eksplorasi komposisi musik dengan pendekatan melalui aspke-aspek kehidupan yang sering dijumpai yaitu motor mesin 2 stroke. Penulis menyusun elemen musik dari inspirasi menjadi sebuah komposisi musik Thrash Metal sebagai proses penyampaian visualisasi. Kajian pada penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa sumber buku untuk mendukung penelitian ini. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian bersifat kualitatif deskriptif. Nuansa tegang diciptakan menggunakan teknik pemilihan harmoni menggunakan akor triad lalu menambahkan nada extension di beberapa akor, pattern ritme banyak menggunakan teknik traditional blast dan inverse skank bleast yang payung besarnya adalah teknik blast beat pada drum, dan menerapkan riff dengan ritme yang konstan pada gitar.Kata kunci: Visual, Nuansa, Adrenalin, 2 stroke ““600 METER”: Composition for Combo Band Formation: An Inspiration from Riding a 2 Stroke Motorcycle EngineIn this study, the author conducted an exploration of music composition by approaching through aspects of life that are often found, namely motorcycles that have 2-stroke engine specifications. Compiling musical elements from inspiration into a Thrash Metal music composition as a process of delivering visualization. The author uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The tense nuance are created using harmony selection techniques using triad chords and then adding extension tones in several chords, many rhythm patterns using traditional blast techniques and inverse skank bleast whose big umbrella is the blast beat technique on the drums, and applying riffs with a constant rhythm on the guitar.Keywords: Visuals, Feel, Adrenaline, 2 stroke
