1,356,779 research outputs found
LINNA: Likelihood Inference Neural Network Accelerator
No full textBayesian posterior inference of modern multi-probe cosmological analyses
incurs massive computational costs. For instance, depending on the combinations
of probes, a single posterior inference for the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data
had a wall-clock time that ranged from 1 to 21 days using a state-of-the-art
computing cluster with 100 cores. These computational costs have severe
environmental impacts and the long wall-clock time slows scientific
productivity. To address these difficulties, we introduce LINNA: the Likelihood
Inference Neural Network Accelerator. Relative to the baseline DES analyses,
LINNA reduces the computational cost associated with posterior inference by a
factor of 8--50. If applied to the first-year cosmological analysis of Rubin
Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST Y1), we conservatively
estimate that LINNA will save more than US on energy costs, while
simultaneously reducing emission by tons. To accomplish
these reductions, LINNA automatically builds training data sets, creates neural
network surrogate models, and produces a Markov chain that samples the
posterior. We explicitly verify that LINNA accurately reproduces the first-year
DES (DES Y1) cosmological constraints derived from a variety of different data
vectors with our default code settings, without needing to retune the algorithm
every time. Further, we find that LINNA is sufficient for enabling accurate and
efficient sampling for LSST Y10 multi-probe analyses. We make LINNA publicly
available at https://github.com/chto/linna, to enable others to perform fast
and accurate posterior inference in contemporary cosmological analyses.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, submitted to JCAP, comments are welcom
Pelimoottorin kehittämisen kannattavuus
No full textTämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, onko peliyritykselle kannattavaa kehittää oma pelimoottori, kun ilmaisia kaupallisia pelimoottoreita on markkinoilla. Tutkimuksen toimeksiantajana toimi Linna Games Oy, joka toivoi selvitettäväksi pelimoottorin kehityksen aika-arvion ja kustannukset. Linna Games Oy:n työharjoittelussa kehitettyyn prototyyppi 2D-pelimoottoriin ja sen kehityskokemuksiin viitattiin tutkimuksessa. Tutkimuksessa myös hyödynnettiin neljän eri pelialan ammattilaisten mielipiteitä ja kokemuksia pelimoottorikehityksen suhteen.
Ensin kaupallisia pelimoottoreita vertailtiin toisiinsa erityisesti niiden lisenssimaksujen suhteen. Seuraavaksi käsiteltiin pelimoottorin kehityksen menetelmät, hyödyt ja haitat. Tämän jälkeen omakehitteisen pelimoottorin kehityksen kustannuksia vertailtiin kaupallisten pelimoottoreiden lisenssimaksuihin. Lisens-simaksujen laskelmissa käytettiin kahta kuvitteellista peliä, joiden menestystason perusteella laskettiin käytettyjen pelimoottorien osuus esimerkkiyrityksen kokonaiskustannuksista.
Vaikka oman pelimoottorin kehityksen voisi nähdä eduksi sen rajattomien kehitysmahdollisuuksien nimissä, tämän suuret kustannukset ja aika-arviot eivät puoltaneet tätä kannattavampana vaihtoehtona verrattuna kaupallisiin pelimoottoreihin. Pelimoottorin kehityksen pystyisi näkemään kannattavana, jos pelimoottorin skaala olisi tarpeeksi pieni tai yrityksellä löytyisi tarpeeksi resursseja kehittääkseen erityisominaisuuksia vaativia pelejä. Toimeksiantajan kannalta pelimoottorin kehitystä ei voida nähdä erityisen kannattavana vaihtoehtona, mutta jos tämän haluavat kehittää, 2D-pelimoottoria suurempaa projektia ei suositella. Toimeksiantajalle suositeltiin Godot-pelimoottorin käyttöä tämän MIT-lisenssin vuoksi.
Pelimoottorin kehittäminen on haastava ja ajallisesti vaativa työ, jota peliyrityksen tulisi harkita omia resursseja vasten. Monet peliyritykset ovat siirtymässä pois omien pelimoottorien käytöstä kohti kaupallisia pelimoottoreita. Pelimoottorit kuten Unreal Engine ja CryEngine tarjoavat isoille yrityksille kaiken tarpeellisen laadukkaiden pelien kehitykseen ilman, että näiden kustannukset olisivat merkittäviä. Unity- ja Godot pelimoottorit tarjoavat samalla laadukkaan ja kustannustehokkaan vaihtoehdon pienimmille yrityksille ja näiden käyttämät lisenssit ovat entistä edullisempia.The purpose of this Bachelor’s thesis was to determine, whether it would be profitable for a company to develop their own game engine, when there are many commercial game engines on the market with free licenses. The client of this research is Linna Games Oy, who wished to find out the needed time estimate and costs for game engine development. The author’s personal experiences in developing a prototype 2D-game engine for Linna Games Oy during his internship were used as reference. Four game industry professionals were also interviewed for their experience and opinions regarding game engine develop-ment.
First, the commercial game engines were compared to each other, especially regarding their license fees. After that, the process of developing a game engine was analyzed. With all the needed data, the total costs of using commercial game engines and developing a new game engine could be compared. To calculate the license costs of the different commercial game engines, two different games with differing success rates were compared. The costs of using the commercial game engines were calculated from the total expenditures of an example company.
While creating a game engine can be seen beneficial due to giving the creators unlimited creative possibilities, due to the expenses and time needed for development, it cannot be a more profitable solution, compared to using a commercial game engine. However, if a company has enough resources or the scale of the game engine is low enough, or the tools of commercial game engines do not meet the needs of the game being created, only then game engine development is a viable solution. For Linna Games Oy, creating a game engine cannot be seen as a viable option, but if inclined to develop one, it is not suggested to create anything larger in scope than a 2D-game engine. Godot was suggested to the client for its MIT-license.
Game engine development is a challenging and time-consuming process that game companies should only consider while taking into account their own resources. Many game companies have moved on, from updating their in-house game engines, into using commercial ones. Game engines such as Unreal Engine and CryEngine give large companies all the needed tools to create massive games without the costs having major impact. Meanwhile, game engines such as Unity and Godot give smaller companies a more cost efficient alternative
A. M. Hagen. Cesise linna panoraamvaade (Läti) (ERM)
No full textTekst negatiivi ümbrikul: Hagen. Vendeni linna vaad
Linna Shirey, Miss Mimosa Candidate
No full textLinna Shirey was a student at Jacksonville State College (now Jacksonville State University) in the 1960s. She was named as a Miss Mimosa Candidate in the 1964 Mimosa.https://digitalcommons.jsu.edu/lib-ac-histimg/26127/thumbnail.jp
The murderer who became a victim : A qualitative framing analysis of Kaj Linna in Piteå-Tidningen
No full textOur focus in this study was to examine how Piteå-Tidningen produced Kaj Linna, the man who was accused and later convicted for murder. In addition to the frames we could distinguish about the perpetrator we also examined the small community, Kalamark, were the murder occured. In the next step of our analysis we examined how he was produced when he was declared innocent. We did this by applying a framing-analysis on 35 articles from Piteå-tidningen that covered the events that occured 2004 and 2017. The frames we could identify from Piteå-Tidningen that described Kaj Linna 2004 was as an odd man, a man without no stable income and a man with money as his motivitaton. The community was framed as the victims, who stood together in sorrow and in despair. Kaj Linna got excluded and the community of Kalamark got included in the frames we identified. The turning point in 2017, when Kaj Linna was declared innocent and was set to become a free man the frames changed. He was framed as a family man, a man with feelings that had people caring about him. Like a man who was one of us. He was included in 2017. The frames about the community in 2017 was hard to find as the focus of reporting about the case exclusively was about Kaj Linna.
Kakolan mäki on korkea linna (2/4 a)
No full textLaulun sanat: Kakolan mäki on korkea linna, vaikk' ei se tänne näy. Siell' on monen flikan henttu ja monen mamman vävy
The sense of Chengdu: embodied heritage in tastescape
No full textMade available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T18:35:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2016-07-22Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
Lift date: 2018-11-10T18:35:44Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system"Chengdu is famous for its Sichuan Cuisine with its unique spicy flavor. From the sources distributed and transported to local restaurants, then prepared, served, and eventually eaten by consumers, food is a significant part of Chengdu's culture. Eating is not only just about the food itself, but also about where to eat, how to eat, when to eat, whom to eat with. Culinary heritage is proposed to be conserved through the concept of ""tastescape"", which is planned as a combination of landscape and culture in which eating becomes a situated event. The design study focuses on the streets in historic neighborhoods in the inner city of Chengdu. The relationship between food, landscape and culture, and tastescape is proposed by combining eating with participating in theaters, local artworks, and cooking."Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-08-01The student, Linna Yi, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-21 at 14:46.The student, Linna Yi, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-07-21 at 15:13.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-07-22 at 09:52.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10042 on 2016-11-10 at 12:27:36Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 95396
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 95396 on 2018-11-11T10:15:32Z
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The biosynthesis and discovery of lanthipeptides
No full textNatural products and their derivatives have been significant resources for the development of therapeutic compounds. They attracted interests from both academia and industry because of their high structural diversity and potential applications. Lanthipeptides are one class of natural products that have provided antibiotics to the food industry and drug candidates for treating human diseases. Lanthipeptides are polypeptides enzymatically decorated with lanthionine rings and sometimes other post-translational modifications, which dramatically elevate their protease-resistances, improved their chemical stabilities, and increased their structural complexity. To add onto the structure knowledge and biosynthetic toolkits for lanthipeptides, I investigated the biosynthesis and discovery of lanthipeptides during my Ph.D training. Duramycin/cinnamycin-type of lanthipeptides interact tightly with phosphatidylethanolamine and several of their members displayed high potential to be drug candidates. Duramycin contains an activity-essential lysinoalanine ring which is installed by a previously unknown hypothetical protein, DurN. In Chapter 2, I described the mechanism of action studies on DurN. I reconstituted the in vitro activity of DurN. Together with Dr. Cogan, we obtained the co-crystal structures of DurN with its product or substrate analog. We demonstrated that DurN catalyzes the lysinoalanine formation through a unique substrate-assisted catalysis mechanism. Enlightened by the biosynthesis of lanthipeptide, I further designed and initiated a proof-of-concept lanthipeptide discovery project based on the predictions for the potential mode of action of natural products, which is described in Chapter 3. I hypothesized that if the gene encoding a small molecule-processing enzyme locates in the biosynthetic gene cluster of a natural product on the bacterial genome, this processing enzyme may function as the immunity protein to prevent producer viability loss during the production of the natural products, and the natural product may target the small molecule. Following this hypothesis, I identified multiple lanthipeptide biosynthesis gene cluster candidates, and selected kib cluster from Kibdelsporangium phytohabitant KLBMP 1111T for verification. The lanthipeptide was produced in heterologous expression system and displayed an interlocking ring topology with a succinimide moiety as potential warhead. The activity assays of this new lanthipeptide will be carried out in the future studies. To further understand the modes of action for lanthipeptides, in Chapter 4, I investigated the mode of action of lipid II-targeting lanthipeptides. The binding event between nisin–lipid II and Halα–lipid II were characterized using isothermal titration calorimetry. Collectively, these studies further expanded our knowledge on lanthipeptides biosynthesis and discovery.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Linna An, accepted the attached license on 2019-11-25 at 20:07.The student, Linna An, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-11-25 at 21:50.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-11-26 at 15:32.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14619 on 2020-02-28 at 17:22:48Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:15:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5
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Previous issue date: 2019-11-26Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113898
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Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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