13,498 research outputs found
Unified Direct-Flux Vector Control for AC motor drives
No full textThe paper introduces a Unified Direct-Flux Vector Control scheme suitable for sinusoidal AC motor drives. The AC drives considered here are Induction Motor, Synchronous Reluctance and synchronous Permanent Magnet motor drives, including Interior and Surface-mounted Permanent Magnet types. The proposed controller operates in stator flux coordinates: the stator flux amplitude is directly controlled by the direct voltage component, while the torque is controlled by regulating the quadrature current component. The unified direct-flux control is particularly convenient when flux-weakening is required, since it easily guarantees maximum torque production under current and voltage limitations. The hardware for control is standard and the control firmware is the same for all the motors under test with the only exception of the magnetic model used for flux estimation at low speed. Experimental results on four different drives are provided, showing the validity of the proposed unified control approac
High frequency inverter-transformer-cycloconverter system for DC to AC (3-phase) power conversion
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.This thesis is concerned with a 3-phase multistage high frequency link DC to AC power conversion with a novel inverter-cycloconverter circuitry. The conversion system is composed of a high frequency PWM inverter, step-up high frequency transformer and cycloconverter with bidirectional switching devices. In first stage the DC voltage of the power source , say a submarine battery, is inverted to a system of 3-phase sinusoidally modulated I kHz alternative wave forms.
For this purpose a suggested optimized PWM technique for 3-phase inverter operation is adopted, in which harmonic components up to 17 th ( 17 kHz) are eliminated from the inverter output voltages. In the second stage, for DC input isolation from AC output and also for a voltage transformation ( here stepping-up )a high frequency ( size reduced ) transformer is employed. Generalized high frequency operation, influence and side effects of the transformer on overall system design & performance is investigated. In the final stage the 1 kHz -to- 50 Hz conversion process is accomplished by a 3-phase cycloconverter. The proposed "nonlinear modulation strategy" for cycloconverter output voltage and associated harmonic analysis is demonstrated, in which the harmonic components up to 38th (1.9 kHz ) are eliminated from the conversion system output voltage. To assess the suggested functioning principles for the inverter & cycloconverter , the prototype conversion system was developed.
Some design criteria and switching device selection are presented, together with different voltage & current wave forms of the prototype system under resistive & inductive load (induction motor) and their respective spectra
A380 South Devon Link Road, Kingskerswell, Devon
No full textArchaeological investigations along the route of the A380 South Devon Link Road, Kingskerswell, Devon, were undertaken by AC archaeology between October 2012 and June 2013. All works were carried out in advance of construction of the bypass and comprised the excavations of an important prehistoric and multi-phase Romano-British enclosed settlement site and associated remains at Aller Cross, medieval and post-medieval buildings at Edginswell Lane North, survey and recording of earthworks and hedgebanks affected by the route, recording of historic non-listed buildings and structures and palaeo-environmental work in the valley bottom adjacent to Aller Brook and Edginswell Stream
Influence of ac ageing on space charge dynamics in LDPE
No full textPolymeric materials have been widely used as insulation in power industry due to their excellent electrical properties. However, these properties deteriorate in time irreversibly when the material is subjected to electric stress. Although space charge is believed to play an important role in ac ageing, exact mechanisms are poorly understood due to very limited experimental data. In the present work efforts have been made to investigate the influence of ac ageing on space charge dynamics in low-density polyethylene (LDPE). LDPE films with 200mm were aged at 50 kV/mm at 50 Hz for various times at ambient temperature. Space charge dynamics in the samples prior to and after ageing were monitored using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) technique under dc electric stress. The results indicate that there is a significant amount of homocharge accumulation in the unaged sample due to charge injection. These injected charges are the captured by the deep traps originated from the interface between crystalline and amorphous regions in LDPE. Ageing under ac condition does not necessarily lead to an increase in amount of charge in the bulk but leads to an increase in mobility of charge carriers. Chemical analysis by infrared spectroscope (FTIR) reveals there are chemical changes taken place in the bulk of the material after ac ageing. It is believed that the chemical changes introduce shallow traps which promote the movement of charge carriers in the bulk. Consequently, the injected charges spread across the sample
Impact of PWM strategies on RMS current of the DC-link Voltage Capacitor of a dual-three phase drive
No full textThe major drawback of usual dual three-phase AC machines, when supplied by a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), is the occurrence of extra harmonic currents which circulate in the stator windings causing additional losses and constraints on the power component. This paper compares dedicated Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategies used for controlling a dual three phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous machine supplied by a six-leg VSI. Since the application is intended for low-voltage (48V) mild-hybrid automotive traction, an additional major constraint arises: the compactness of the drive related to the size of the DC-bus capacitor. Thus, the PWM strategy must be chosen by taking into consideration its impact on both, the motor and the RMS value of DC-bus current
New Stationary Frame Control Scheme for Three Phase PWM Rectifiers Under Unbalanced Voltage Dips Conditions
No full textA new stationary frame control scheme for three-phase pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) rectifiers operating under unbalanced voltage dips conditions is proposed in this paper. The proposed control scheme regulates the instantaneous active power at the converter poles to minimize the harmonics of the input currents and the output voltage ripple. This paper's novelty is the development of a new current-reference generator implemented directly in stationary reference frame. This allows using proportional sinusoidal signal integrator (P-SSI) controllers for simultaneous compensation of both positive and negative current sequence components. No phase-locked loop (PLL) strategies and coordinate transformations are needed for the proposed current-reference generator. Experimental results are presented for a 20-kV A alternative current (ac)/direct current (dc) converter prototype to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. A comparison with two other existing control techniques is also performed. Fast dynamic performance with small dc-link voltage ripple and input sinusoidal currents are obtained with this control scheme, even under severe voltage dips operating condition
A power sharing series power BJT array with isolated low voltage control for AC power control applications
No full textA technique for a continuously variable AC resistance using a series BJT array is presented. This array provides high power dissipation capability and uniform voltage and power distribution across the individual transistors. The array, controlled using a set of optoisolators to maintain the electrical isolation between the control circuits and the power stage, could be used as the basis to develop several useful techniques including a solid state AC regulator with comparable performance to the commonly used ferro-resonant systems; a linear AC electronic load suitable for testing UPS and other power conditioners; and, in other AC power control applications such as switching capacitors in AC resonant circuits
Soft switched high frequency ac-link converter
No full textVariable frequency drives typically have employed dc voltage or current links
for power distribution between the input and output converters and as a means to
temporarily store energy. The dc link based power conversion systems have several
inherent limitations. One of the important limitations is the high switching loss
and high device stress which occur during switching intervals. This severely reduces
the practical switching frequencies. Additionally, while the cost, size, and weight of
the basic voltage sourced PWM drive is attractive, difficulties with input harmonics,
output dV/dt and over-voltage, EMI/RFI, tripping with voltage sags, and other
problems significantly diminish the economic competiveness of these drives. Add-ons
are available to mitigate these problems, but may result in doubling or tripling the
total costs and losses, with accompanying large increases in volume and weight.
This research investigates the design, control, operation and efficiency calculation
of a new power converter topology for medium and high power ac-ac, ac-dc and
dc-ac applications. An ac-link formed by an inductor-capacitor pair replaces the
conventional dc-link. Each leg of the converter is formed by two bidirectional switches.
Power transfer from input to output is accomplished via a link inductor which is first
charged from the input phases, then discharged to the output phases with a precisely
controllable current PWM technique. Capacitance in parallel with the link inductor
produces low turn-off losses. Turn-on is always at zero voltage as each switch swings
from reverse to forward bias. Reverse recovery is with low dI/dt and also is buffered
due to the link capacitance
A novel three-phase UPS system with a single-phase resonant HF link
No full textThis paper presents a new three-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system based on a single-phase resonant high frequency (HF) link and a single-phase transformer. The three-phase output voltage is constructed and regulated from a three-phase cycloconverter fed from the constant amplitude, constant frequency link voltage. The generation of a novel switching stategy for the three-phase cycloconverter is presented. The simulation of the proposed system is carried out and verified with experimental results
Design of a flexible AC/DC-link
No full textDesigning a MV distribution-level power link for flexible operation between AC and DC comes with many technical challenges. Of the most glaring are how to: switch between three-phase AC and bipolar DC; ensure N-l contingency; determine protection sensitivity and selectivity; and how to handle space charge build-up. This paper gives a detailed analysis on the challenges and technical solutions to these topics, and offers a design for the flexible DC-link thought to be the most realistic for operation in a real MV distribution grid application
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