1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The Prevention of Lethal School Violence : A Literature Study
No full textThis literature study aims at providing an overview of the literature regarding the prevention of lethal school violence. Since the paper aims at providing knowledge that can be used by e.g., institutions and schools in Sweden, there are two case studies from the Nordics included the study: Trollhättan attack and the Jokela shooting. This paper reviews literature from 2013 and forward and only includes literature from the United States and Europe. Most research within the field has been conducted within an American context and literature about Swedish or Nordic cases are rare. Further, many articles focus on the aftermath instead of the prevention and most articles are qualitative rather than quantitative. The conclusions one can draw from this literature study are that zero-tolerance approaches to prevention seldom works and school attackers often feel lonely and therefore seek communities where they risk becoming radicalised, especially online communities. The perpetrators often deal with mental health issues and/or come from a “broken home”. Further, there is a discrepancy between different research fields and institutions that deal with the issue of lethal school violence when it comes to definitions and approaches to prevention. Thereis also a lack of coordination between actors, complicating the prevention and mitigation of lethal school violence. School staff also seldom know when or to whom they should report warnings about lethal school violence due to a lack of organisational coordination and lack of knowledge regarding the prevention. The many gaps provide many opportunities for future research. Some suggestions include focusing on the Nordic countries or prevention specifically but also to conduct more quantitative studies and explore the different definitions of lethal school violence.Den här litteraturstudien ämnar ge en översikt av vad litteraturen säger om förebyggandet av pågående dödligt våld (PDV) i skolmiljö. Då projektet studien är skriven inom fokuserar på Sverige har det inkluderats två fall av PDV händelser i Norden: skolskjutningen i Jokela och skolattacken i Trollhättan. Majoriteten av litteraturen kommer från USA och Europa, med en övervikt på USA, vilket också är de områden som inkluderats i studien. Endast litteratur från 2013 och framåt är inkluderad. De flesta studier inom området är kvalitativa,delvis pga brist på jämförelsebara fall. Det verkar finnas en konsensus inom akademien att det är bättre med en så kallad trust-based approach än en zero tolerance approach för att förebygga PDV i skolmiljö. Gärningspersonerna lider ofta av någon form av psykisk ohälsa och/eller kommer från en dysfunktionell hemmiljö. Ensamhet är vanlig fastän de flesta gärningspersoner har kontakt med andra personer som inte sällan bidrar till en radikalisering av gärningspersonen. När det kommer till samordningen av förebyggande arbete behöver mycket göras, t.ex. vet personal vet sällan vem de ska vända sig till eller hur de ska uppfatta varningssignaler, vilket dessutom är något som det behövs mer forskning på. Andra möjliga framtida forskningsmöjligheter är att genomföra kvantitativa studier samt fokusera på Norden.
Unfolding Reconciliation in South Saepmie : investigating tourist actors’ understanding of reconciliation and their perceived role in a potential reconciliation process in Saepmie
No full textDue to the lack of previous research on reconciliation in Saepmie and the fact that the tourism sector are a source of tensions in South Saepmie, this thesis aims at investigating how tourist actors in the Swedish part of South Saepmie understand the concept of reconciliation and what their role might be in a potential reconciliation process in the area. The data collection has been done via interviews with tourist actors in the Swedish part of South Saepmie and the results have then been thematically analysed. The findings indicate that the participants think reconciliation is a very complex issue, which is also taboo in the tourism sector. Further, the findings show that reconciliation can and should occur in different spaces simultaneously and that it is both a personal- and structural process, arguably contrasting the previous literature on the subject. Only non-Saami participants framed reconciliation as reciprocal in its nature. Moreover, all participants think that tourist actors have a role, mainly entailing knowledge sharing and cooperation with Saami villages. Some meant that bigger tourist actors have a bigger role than small ones whilst others highlight the role of the individual regardless of how big they are as a tourist actor. The Swedish state and the Church are perceived to have a role and must have their own reconciliation processes in order for reconciliation to happen, the tourism industry does not have the whole responsibility. The most important thing regarding reconciliation is that one tries to change one’s behaviour as an individual or/and tourist actor, everyone agreed with this.2025-06-08</p
Drought: an oasis for conflict? : A qualitative case study about why some conflicts escalate during drought whilst others do not
No full textAlthough the armed conflict-drought nexus has gained increased attention lately, it isstill unclear what the causal mechanism looks like. In order to gain more knowledgeabout this I have attempted to answer the question of why some conflicts escalateduring drought while others do not by conducting a cross case comparison of theconflict between Al-Shabaab and the government of Somalia and the conflict betweenthe Tuaregs and the government of Mali. The results show that drought could lead toboth escalation and de-escalation of armed conflict, acting mostly as a trigger. Themost important thing for people is the access to vital resources, such as food andwater, and their group affiliation can change based on who provides these resources.This could show policy makers what to focus on in order to prevent radicalisation butit first and foremost gives a ground to researchers that want to investigate thedrought-armed conflict nexus further.
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Prevention of Lethal School Violence [Elektronisk resurs] : A Literature Study
No full textThis literature study aims at providing an overview of the literature regarding the prevention of lethal school violence. Since the paper aims at providing knowledge that can be used by e.g., institutions and schools in Sweden, there are two case studies from the Nordics included the study: Trollhättan attack and the Jokela shooting. This paper reviews literature from 2013 and forward and only includes literature from the United States and Europe. Most research within the field has been conducted within an American context and literature about Swedish or Nordic cases are rare. Further, many articles focus on the aftermath instead of the prevention and most articles are qualitative rather than quantitative. The conclusions one can draw from this literature study are that zero-tolerance approaches to prevention seldom works and school attackers often feel lonely and therefore seek communities where they risk becoming radicalised, especially online communities. The perpetrators often deal with mental health issues and/or come from a “broken home”. Further, there is a discrepancy between different research fields and institutions that deal with the issue of lethal school violence when it comes to definitions and approaches to prevention. Thereis also a lack of coordination between actors, complicating the prevention and mitigation of lethal school violence. School staff also seldom know when or to whom they should report warnings about lethal school violence due to a lack of organisational coordination and lack of knowledge regarding the prevention. The many gaps provide many opportunities for future research. Some suggestions include focusing on the Nordic countries or prevention specifically but also to conduct more quantitative studies and explore the different definitions of lethal school violence.Den här litteraturstudien ämnar ge en översikt av vad litteraturen säger om förebyggandet av pågående dödligt våld (PDV) i skolmiljö. Då projektet studien är skriven inom fokuserar på Sverige har det inkluderats två fall av PDV händelser i Norden: skolskjutningen i Jokela och skolattacken i Trollhättan. Majoriteten av litteraturen kommer från USA och Europa, med en övervikt på USA, vilket också är de områden som inkluderats i studien. Endast litteratur från 2013 och framåt är inkluderad. De flesta studier inom området är kvalitativa,delvis pga brist på jämförelsebara fall. Det verkar finnas en konsensus inom akademien att det är bättre med en så kallad trust-based approach än en zero tolerance approach för att förebygga PDV i skolmiljö. Gärningspersonerna lider ofta av någon form av psykisk ohälsa och/eller kommer från en dysfunktionell hemmiljö. Ensamhet är vanlig fastän de flesta gärningspersoner har kontakt med andra personer som inte sällan bidrar till en radikalisering av gärningspersonen. När det kommer till samordningen av förebyggande arbete behöver mycket göras, t.ex. vet personal vet sällan vem de ska vända sig till eller hur de ska uppfatta varningssignaler, vilket dessutom är något som det behövs mer forskning på. Andra möjliga framtida forskningsmöjligheter är att genomföra kvantitativa studier samt fokusera på Norden. </p
The Prevention of Lethal School Violence : A Literature Study
No full textThis literature study aims at providing an overview of the literature regarding the prevention of lethal school violence. Since the paper aims at providing knowledge that can be used by e.g., institutions and schools in Sweden, there are two case studies from the Nordics included the study: Trollhättan attack and the Jokela shooting. This paper reviews literature from 2013 and forward and only includes literature from the United States and Europe. Most research within the field has been conducted within an American context and literature about Swedish or Nordic cases are rare. Further, many articles focus on the aftermath instead of the prevention and most articles are qualitative rather than quantitative. The conclusions one can draw from this literature study are that zero-tolerance approaches to prevention seldom works and school attackers often feel lonely and therefore seek communities where they risk becoming radicalised, especially online communities. The perpetrators often deal with mental health issues and/or come from a “broken home”. Further, there is a discrepancy between different research fields and institutions that deal with the issue of lethal school violence when it comes to definitions and approaches to prevention. Thereis also a lack of coordination between actors, complicating the prevention and mitigation of lethal school violence. School staff also seldom know when or to whom they should report warnings about lethal school violence due to a lack of organisational coordination and lack of knowledge regarding the prevention. The many gaps provide many opportunities for future research. Some suggestions include focusing on the Nordic countries or prevention specifically but also to conduct more quantitative studies and explore the different definitions of lethal school violence.Den här litteraturstudien ämnar ge en översikt av vad litteraturen säger om förebyggandet av pågående dödligt våld (PDV) i skolmiljö. Då projektet studien är skriven inom fokuserar på Sverige har det inkluderats två fall av PDV händelser i Norden: skolskjutningen i Jokela och skolattacken i Trollhättan. Majoriteten av litteraturen kommer från USA och Europa, med en övervikt på USA, vilket också är de områden som inkluderats i studien. Endast litteratur från 2013 och framåt är inkluderad. De flesta studier inom området är kvalitativa,delvis pga brist på jämförelsebara fall. Det verkar finnas en konsensus inom akademien att det är bättre med en så kallad trust-based approach än en zero tolerance approach för att förebygga PDV i skolmiljö. Gärningspersonerna lider ofta av någon form av psykisk ohälsa och/eller kommer från en dysfunktionell hemmiljö. Ensamhet är vanlig fastän de flesta gärningspersoner har kontakt med andra personer som inte sällan bidrar till en radikalisering av gärningspersonen. När det kommer till samordningen av förebyggande arbete behöver mycket göras, t.ex. vet personal vet sällan vem de ska vända sig till eller hur de ska uppfatta varningssignaler, vilket dessutom är något som det behövs mer forskning på. Andra möjliga framtida forskningsmöjligheter är att genomföra kvantitativa studier samt fokusera på Norden.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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