885 research outputs found
Finiteness and children with specific language impairment: an exploratory study
No full textChildren with specific language impairment (SLI) are well known for their difficulties in mastering the inflectional paradigms; in the case of learning German they also have problems with the appropriate verb position, in particular with the verb in second position. This paper explores the possibilities of applying a broader concept of finiteness to data from children with SLI in order to put their deficits, or rather their skills, into a wider perspective. The concept, as developed by Klein (1998, 2000), suggests that finiteness is tied to the assertion that a certain state of affairs is valid with regard to some topic time; that is, finiteness relates the propositional content to the topic component. Its realization involves the interaction of various grammatical devices and, possibly, lexical means like temporal adverbs. Furthermore, in the acquisition of finiteness it has been found that scope particles play a major role in both first- and second-language learning. The purpose of this paper is to analyze to what extent three German-learning children with SLI have mastered these grammatical and lexical means and to pinpoint the phase in the development of finiteness they have reached. The data to be examined are mostly narrative and taken from conversations and experiments. It will be shown that each child chooses a different developmental path to come to grips with the interaction of these devices
The development of sentence-interpretation strategies in monolingual German-learning children with and without specific language impairment
No full textPrevious research on sentence comprehension conducted with German-learning children has concentrated on the role of case marking and word order in typically developing children. This paper compares, the performance of German-learning children with language impairment (age 4-6 years) and without language impairment (aged 2-6, 8-9 years) in two experiments that systematically vary the cues animacy, case marking; word-order, and subject-verb agreement. The two experiments differ with regard to the choice of case marking: in the first it is distinct but in the second it is neutralized. The theoretical framework is the competition model developed by Bates and Mac Whinney and their collaborators, a variant of the parallel distributed processing models. It is hypothesized that children of either population first appreciate the cue animacy that can be processed locally, that is, "on the spot," before they turn to more distributed cues leading ultimately up to subject-verb agreement, which presupposes the comparison of various constituents before an interpretation can be established. Thus agreement is more "costly" in processing than animacy or the (more) local cue initial NP. In experiment I with unambiguous case markers it is shown that the typically developing children proceed from animacy to the nominative (predominantly in coalition with the initial NP) to agreement, while in the second experiment with ambiguous case markers these children turn from animacy to the initial NP and then to agreement. The impaired children also progress from local to distributed cues. Yet, in contrast to the control group, they do not acknowledge the nominative in coalition with the initial NP in the first experiment but only in support of agreement. However, although they do not seem to appreciate distinct case markers to any large extent in the first experiment, they are irritated if such distinctions are lacking: in experiment II all impaired children turn to. animacy (some in coalition with the initial NP and/or particular word orders). In the discussion, the relationship between short-term memory and processing as well as the relationship between production and comprehension of case markers and agreement are addressed. Further research is needed to explore in more detail "cue costs" in sentence comprehension
High-resolution spectroscopy of gaseous 83m Kr conversion electrons with the KATRIN experiment
No full text© 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. In this work, we present the first spectroscopic measurements of conversion electrons originating from the decay of metastable gaseous 83mKr with the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment. The obtained results represent one of the major commissioning milestones for the subsequent direct neutrino mass measurement with KATRIN. The successful campaign demonstrates the functionalities of the KATRIN beamline. Precise measurement of the narrow K-32, L3-32, and N2,3-32 conversion electron lines allowed to verify the eV-scale energy resolution of the KATRIN main spectrometer necessary for competitive measurement of the absolute neutrino mass scale
High-resolution spectroscopy of gaseous 83m Kr conversion electrons with the KATRIN experiment
No full text© 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. In this work, we present the first spectroscopic measurements of conversion electrons originating from the decay of metastable gaseous 83mKr with the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment. The obtained results represent one of the major commissioning milestones for the subsequent direct neutrino mass measurement with KATRIN. The successful campaign demonstrates the functionalities of the KATRIN beamline. Precise measurement of the narrow K-32, L3-32, and N2,3-32 conversion electron lines allowed to verify the eV-scale energy resolution of the KATRIN main spectrometer necessary for competitive measurement of the absolute neutrino mass scale
KATRIN: Status and Prospects for the Neutrino Mass and Beyond
No full textThe Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to measure a
high-precision integral spectrum of the endpoint region of T2 beta decay, with
the primary goal of probing the absolute mass scale of the neutrino. After a
first tritium commissioning campaign in 2018, the experiment has been regularly
running since 2019, and in its first two measurement campaigns has already
achieved a sub-eV sensitivity. After 1000 days of data-taking, KATRIN's design
sensitivity is 0.2 eV at the 90% confidence level. In this white paper we
describe the current status of KATRIN; explore prospects for measuring the
neutrino mass and other physics observables, including sterile neutrinos and
other beyond-Standard-Model hypotheses; and discuss research-and-development
projects that may further improve the KATRIN sensitivity.Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 2021. 70 pages excluding references; 35
figures. Author list updated June 202
The haunted public sphere: women and the power of emotion in the works of Alexander Kluge and the films of the Berlin School
No full textMy dissertation sheds light on the German filmmaker and author Alexander Kluge and his ideas on filmmaking as they evolved out of his conception of the public versus the private spheres since the early 1960s. It was Kluge’s contention that personal experiences of war and violence could not be expressed publicly in the postwar Federal Republic, causing a rift between the two realms and a haunting presence of trauma within individuals and society as a whole. What Kluge, in cooperation with Oskar Negt, called “alternative public sphere” in Public Sphere and Experience (1972) and History and Obstinacy (1981) is closely linked to Woman and so-called “proletarian” forces countering instrumental reason and the bourgeois cultural matrix. Analyzing four crucial films from Kluge’s creative work, I outline the increasingly allegorical role of his concept of “female mode of production,” which constitutes Kluge’s aesthetics and thematic focus. How the ideas of “alternative public sphere” and “female mode of production” are linked to the cinema and Kluge’s theory of film is the focus of another chapter that scrutinizes Kluge’s recent literary compilation Cinema Stories (2007). Finally, I read a selection of contemporary German films considered the new filmic avant-garde through the lens of Kluge’s approach to film, to the “female mode of production,” and to the public sphere. This allows me to compare the ethics, the formal and political attitude of the so-called Berlin School directors to the vanguard movement of Young German Film in the sixties and early seventies. I conclude that the filmic Autoren today deal with a similar problem as Alexander Kluge has done throughout his career, namely the dissociation of personal, lived experience from public representation. They also employ formal and thematic strategies that can be related to the thoughts behind the Oberhausen generation of German filmmakers. While the generation of the leftist student movements sought public recognition of the atrocities committed under National Socialism, the Berlin School directors deal with mediated experience in times of media and finance corporatism as virtual realities threaten to take over the empiric world.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Katrin Polak-Springe
Prospects for Finding Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter at KATRIN
No full textWe discuss under what circumstances a signal in upcoming laboratory searchesfor keV-scale sterile neutrinos would be compatible with those particles beinga sizable part or all of dark matter. In the parameter space that will beexperimentally accessible by KATRIN/TRISTAN, strong X-ray limits need to berelaxed and dark matter overproduction needs to be avoided. We discusspostponing the dark matter production to lower temperatures, a reduced sterileneutrino contribution to dark matter, and a reduction of the branching ratio inphotons and active neutrinos through cancellation with a new physics diagram.Both the Dodelson-Widrow and the Shi-Fuller mechanisms for sterile neutrinodark matter production are considered. As a final exotic example, potentialconsequences of CPT violation are discussed.<br
Lindner, Theodor
No full textDas Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt versammelt in Erst- und Zweitveröffentlichung oder zu Zwecken der Langzeitarchivierung Biografien von Menschen aus und in Sachsen-Anhalt. Integriert wurde der Catalogus Professorum Halensis, der durch Mitarbeitende des Instituts für Geschichte der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg entstand. Dabei handelt es sich um ein bio-bibliografisches Online-Lexikon zu den Professoren der Universität Halle zwischen 1694 und 1968. Die Texte wurden vor allem von Henrik Eberle und anderen Mitarbeitenden zwischen 2005 und 2010 recherchiert und erstellt. Etliche Artikel zum Zeitraum 1694 bis 1817 verfasste Julia Schopferer. Bei der Überführung in das Biografienportal wurden die Lebensangaben neu recherchiert und Metadaten über Verfahren des Named Entity Recogniton erschlossen. Automatisiert erkannt wurden Personennamen, Ortsbezeichnungen und Körperschaften, die in der hier vorhandenen RTF-Datei indexiert vorliegt. Zudem wurden diese mit GND-Einträgen abgeglichen. Weiterhin erfolgte ein Abgleich mit der „Ontologie der historischen, deutschsprachigen Amts- und Berufsbezeichnungen“. Die Texte liegen im Jahr 2024 in zweifacher Ausgabe im Catalogus Professorum Halensis des Universitätsarchivs und des Biografienportals des Historischen Datenzentrums Sachsen-Anhalts vor. Sie werden hier für die Langzeitarchivierung der ursprünglichen Fassung archiviert
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