1,721,013 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Green space management & residents’ benefits
Get PDFManagement of green spaces in rental multi-family housing areas is discussed in a Swedish context and the benefits of maintenance for residents examined in this thesis. In Sweden, these green spaces are an important part of the urban green structure and the housing companies who manage these spaces are important green space providers. However, the management and maintenance of such green spaces and its benefits for residents seldom receive attention in research. The residents’ perspective is the main interest here, since they are to benefit from maintenance. The perspective of the providers (housing staff) is also included, because of their influence through provision on residents’ experiences. Taking an ex-plorative and mainly qualitative approach, two empirical studies were conducted using interviews as the main method of collecting data. In a case study of three rental and multi-family housing areas, 27 residents and 13 housing staff were interviewed regarding their experience of the maintenance of green space and their views on maintenance provision respectively. In a telephone survey of 30 municipal housing companies, housing staff were asked how they organised maintenance of green spaces and what motivated that choice. The case study identified several benefits of green space maintenance for residents and three were further explored: (1) green space being ‘well-kept’ (2) the housing area being safe and (3) a just distribution of maintenance. The results showed that several elements of maintenance and the social context, such as views of maintenance staff and of other residents, contribute to residents’ experience of these bene-fits. Views of well-kept green space were for example not simply about technical quality but e.g. the image of maintenance staff and their efforts was also considered. There is consequently a need to widen the technical discussion about how to manage and maintain green spaces
Målriktning i förskolan- Didaktiska möjligheter och komplexiteter
No full textAbstract
The aim of this study is to illustrate, discuss and problematize goal-aiming in preschool practice. The study focus on the didactic work of preschool teachers, at a practice action level that includes planning and action. The study could be considered important in times of changes in the context of preschool education with high expectations on the performance of preschools and preschool teachers.
The process has been explorative with a hermeneutic approach and the result of the study has emerged in the interaction between preunderstanding, data, theories and new understanding.
The study has a critical didactic approach with focus on what may occur as multiple understandings of curriculum goal aiming at a practice action level.
The data consist of seven preschool teachers’ narratives about their goal aiming work and the research questions are:
• Which different ways to do goal-aiming at a didactic action level occurs in the narratives of preschool teachers?
• Which different aspects of complexity in relation to goal-aiming occurs in the narratives of preschool teachers?
• Which different norm didactic and critical didactic ideas about goal-aiming occurs in the narratives of preschool teachers?
Four different ways of goal-aiming occurs at a didactic action level: pre goal-aiming, post goal-aiming, present goal-aiming, child goal-aiming and environmental goal-aiming. The goal-aiming actions can be understood in the form of a process and emerge like goal-aiming chains.
Three different complexity aspects are identified: goal-complexity, learning-complexity and individual-complexity and are being discussed in the result chapter.
Norm didactic ideas and critical didactic ideas emerge from the narratives at the same time, which can be understood as multiple understanding. The norm didactic believes emerge in the context of evaluation and the critical didactic believes emerge in goal- aiming action level considering planning and teaching
Tingens betydelse för barns agerande i förskolan - En kvalitativ studie om den pedagogiska miljöns effekt på barns fria lek
No full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the physical environment and children’s play and actions. We want to find out how the environment affects children’s behavior and whether it goes in harmony with the preschool teachers thoughts and educational purposes or not. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate how the children act in the environment and if and how objects affect children’s play and interaction in a certain direction. In order to do this, we observed children’s free play in two different rooms at a preschool on three different occasions. To document our observations we used field notes. We supplemented the observations with three interviews with professional preschool teachers. This was done in order to capture the preschool teacher’s views of the environment versus the children’s behavior in it. In our analysis of our empirical data, we used Bruno Latour’s actor network theory. This study is based on children's actions, but also on educators' perspectives. We want to point out that the purpose is not to show right or wrong, but rather to highlight the educational environment from different perspectives while focusing on inclusion and participation. The result indicates that the environment and materials affect children’s play to a greater extent than expected. The teacher’s communicated a clear educational idea about the “home room” in the interviews. While dressing gowns and roleplay had a central place in the “homeroom”, it was harder to identify an educational idea in the larger common room. On the other hand, the observations indicated that the building toys had a relatively high force of attraction with the children in the larger room.
When it came to inclusion, the educators talked about inclusion based on the availability of different materials but also that the available material connects to children’s interests or not. Emphasis was also put on assistive devices to support children with special needs, such as linguistic difficulties
”Digitaliseringen har underlättat arbetet med pedagogisk dokumentation markant” - En studie om pedagogers perspektiv på arbetet med digital pedagogisk dokumentation i förskolan
No full textSyftet med denna studie har varit att fördjupa oss i och undersöka pedagogers perspektiv på den digitala pedagogiska dokumentationen. För att undersöka detta har vi utgått från tre frågeställningar: För vem görs den digitala pedagogiska dokumentationen, hur genomförs den och varför? Har de olika digitala plattformarna olika syften och målgrupp? Hur ser pedagoger på barns inflytande och inkludering i den digitala pedagogiska dokumentationen?
För att besvara dessa frågor har vi utfört semistrukturerade intervjuer av kvalitativ metod. Vi valde att intervjua verksamma pedagoger och IKT-pedagoger för att få en inblick i deras arbete med digital pedagogisk dokumentation. Vi lutar oss på den socialkonstruktionistiska teorin i denna studie som utgår från att kunskap och verkligheten konstrueras genom interaktion mellan människor i sociala möten.
Det som framkom i vår studie var att de förutsättningar som verksamheten erbjuder är av avgörande faktor för hur pedagoger arbetar med digital pedagogisk dokumentation. Det blev även tydligt att samtliga intervjuade pedagoger såg en positiv påverkan av digitaliseringen av den pedagogiska dokumentationen. De menar att digitaliseringen har skapat fler möjligheter och underlättat det systematiska kvalitetsarbetet. Resultatet av studien visar att pedagoger önskar ökad tillgänglighet för barnen och möjlighet till ett mer aktiv deltagande för föräldrar i verksamheten. Till sist uppenbarades också den nya dataskyddsförordningens eventuella påverkan i arbetet med den digitala pedagogiska dokumentationen
"Alla ska få vara en del av en gemenskap på sina egna premisser" En studie om förskollärarens tolkningar gentemot specialpedagogik, barn i behov av särskilt stöd och inkludering
No full textI den här uppsatsen är utgångspunkten att belysa förskollärares resonemang kring begreppen specialpedagogik, barn i behov av särskilt stöd och inkludering, samt hur de arbetar för att skapa en inkluderande verksamhet. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt är positiv socialpsykologi. En kvalitativ intervju-metod har genomförts med fyra olika förskolor med 12 medverkande pedagoger. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att bidra med nya sätt att tänka kring de centrala begreppen specialpedagogik, barn i behov av särskilt stöd, inkludering, och hur man kan arbeta med inkludering i verksamheten samt att ge en kunskapsutveckling inom förskolan. Studien har en utgångspunkt två frågeställningar;
• Hur resonerar förskollärare kring specialpedagogik, barn i behov av särskilt stöd och inkludering?
• Hur beskriver förskollärarna hur de arbetar med att skapa en inkluderande verksamhet?
Det övergripande resultat visar på att respondenterna utmanar den socialpsykologi som ofta råder i förskolan och att de använder sig av positiv socialpsykologiskt perspektiv när de diskuterar frågeställningarna
I mötet med populärkulturen i förskolan - En studie om populärkulturens betydelse i barns lek och kulturer
No full textAbstract
Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskap och förståelse om barns användning av populärkultur i förskolan, samt visa vilken betydelse barns kunskaper om populärkultur har i skapandet av barns kamratkulturer. Studien besvarar tre frågeställningar: Hur använder sig barn av populärkultur i förskolan? Vilken betydelse har populärkultur i barns lek? Hur ser relationen mellan barns populärkulturella kunskaper och delaktighet i lek ut? Studien utgår ifrån teorier kring sociokulturell teori, populärkultur, mediering, imitation och representation samt tidigare forskning inom forskningsområdet.
Empirin består av semi-strukturerade intervjuer av barn både enskilt och i små grupper i åldern 3 - 5 år. Samt av observationer ute på förskolans gård med barn i åldern 3 - 5 år. Det förekommer likaledes en inomhusobservation på en avdelning med barn i 3 – 5 årsåldern.
Resultatet av studien visar att barn har intresse av att använda sig av populärkulturen de tar del av i media, i andra sammanhang då barnen använder sig av populärkulturen bland annat i samband med lek i förskolan. När barnen leker med inslag av populärkultur med varandra, använder sig barnen av olika begrepp såsom mediering och imitation för att få förståelse över populärkulturen de tar del av i media. Barnen byter även erfarenheter med varandra i samtal om populärkultur. I samband med lek och samtal med och om populärkultur skapas nya kamratkulturer på förskolan efter barns intresse och kunskaper av populärkultur.The purpose of this study is to contribute with knowledge and understanding about children use
of popular culture in preeschool. The study will also show the meaning of childrens knowledge of
popular culture in their creation of peer culture. The study answers to three questions: How does
children use popular culture in preeschool? What is the meaning of popular culture in preeschool ?
How does the relation between childrens knowledge of popular culture and participation in play show? The study proceeds from theories about socio culture, popular culture, meditation, imitation, representation and in earlier research within this field.
The empiri consists of semi structured interviews with children, both individual and in small groups.
The age of the children interviewed are between 3 to 5 years old. The empiri also consists of observations in the school yard and inside the classroom of the children in the same age group.
The results of this study shows that children show an interest in using popular culture they see in media, in other contexts then children uses popular culture for example in their play in preeschool. When children plays with element of popular culture with each other, they use concepts like meditation and imitation to understand the popular culture they see in media. Children also exchange experiences with each other when they discuss popular culture. In connection with play and conversation with and about popular culture, children creates new peer culture in preeschool according to their interest and knowledge about popular culture
- …
