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Design of a metadata model appropriate for the documentation of comparative research
No full textThe objective of this thesis is the design of a metadata model appropriate for the documentation of microdata that arise from fixed design (quantitative) comparative studies. Comparative studies face problems of concept and measurement equivalence due to their repetition on time (longitudinal) or on culture (cross-cultural). For this equivalence to be achieved, the adoption of harmonization strategies is required among the waves of a study or among the cultures involved in a cross-cultural study. Especially, in the case of cross-cultural study, the harmonization strategies followed, are complex procedures for which success or failure is reflected in the final study product. The harmonization strategies applied to cross-cultural studies are the following: the «ex ante input harmonization», the «ex ante output harmonization», and the «ex post harmonization».The metadata model that the thesis concluded, documents adequately all the harmonization strategies as well as three basic schemas that required for the documentation of every fixed design study: the data schema, the communicative schema and, the data storage schema. The data schema concerns the documentation of the conceptual components of a study as well as components concerning the measurement; the communicative schema organizes the communication between the researchers and the persons interviewed; while the data storage schema documents the final data product in order to be available for further processing.The documentation of the three schemas as well as the harmonization strategies in one documentation model enhances the comparative research and informs the secondary user for all the procedures held before the implementation of the final study product in order the secondary user to be in a position to understand if the data are really comparable without the contribution of the primary investigators.Στόχος της διατριβής είναι ο σχεδιασμός ενός μοντέλου μεταδεδομένων για την τεκμηρίωση των μικροδεδομένων της συγκριτικής έρευνας που παράγεται βάσει ενός προκαθορισμένου σχεδίου (ποσοτική έρευνα). Οι συγκριτικές έρευνες, λόγω της επανάληψής τους στον χρόνο (διαχρονικές) ή στο χώρο (διαπολιτισμικές), ενέχουν τις περισσότερες φορές θέματα ισοδυναμίας εννοιών και τρόπων μέτρησης αυτών. Για να επιτευχθεί αυτή η ισοδυναμία απαιτείται η εφαρμογή στρατηγικών ομοιογενοποίησης μεταξύ των χρονικών στιγμών ή μεταξύ των πολιτισμών που συμμετέχουν σε μία διαπολιτισμική έρευνα. Ιδιαίτερα στην περίπτωση της διαπολιτισμικής έρευνας, οι στρατηγικές ομοιογενοποίησης που εφαρμόζονται αποτελούν αρκετά σύνθετες διαδικασίες, όπου η επιτυχία ή η αποτυχία αυτών αντικατοπτρίζεται πλήρως στο τελικό προϊόν της έρευνας. Οι στρατηγικές ομοιογενοποίησης που εφαρμόζονται σε μία διαπολιτισμική έρευνα είναι: η εκ των προτέρων ομοιογενοποίηση κατά την είσοδο, η εκ των προτέρων ομοιογενοποίηση κατά την έξοδο και η εκ των υστέρων ομοιογενοποίηση.Το μοντέλο μεταδεδομένων που προέκυψε από την διδακτορική διατριβή τεκμηριώνει επαρκώς όλες τις στρατηγικές ομοιογενοποίησης αλλά ταυτόχρονα και τρία βασικά σχήματα τα οποία απαιτούνται για την τεκμηρίωση οποιασδήποτε έρευνας που παράγεται βάσει ενός προκαθορισμένου σχεδίου: το σχήμα δεδομένων, το επικοινωνιακό σχήμα και το σχήμα αποθήκευσης. Το σχήμα δεδομένων ενέχει την τεκμηρίωση των εννοιολογικών οντοτήτων της έρευνας καθώς και των οντοτήτων σχετικών με τη μέτρηση, το σχήμα επικοινωνίας οργανώνει την επικοινωνία ανάμεσα στους επιστήμονες και τους ερωτώμενους και, το σχήμα αποθήκευσης τεκμηριώνει τα τελικά δεδομένα, ώστε κατόπιν να είναι διαθέσιμα για περαιτέρω επεξεργασία. Η τεκμηρίωση των τριών σχημάτων καθώς και των στρατηγικών ομοιογενοποίησης σε ένα κοινό μοντέλο προάγει τη συγκριτική έρευνα και δύναται να πληροφορεί τον δευτερογενή χρήστη για όλες τις διαδικασίες που προηγήθηκαν μέχρι να προκύψει το τελικό προϊόν της έρευνας, έτσι ώστε να μπορεί από μόνος του να αντιληφθεί αν τα δεδομένα παρουσιάζουν όντως μία συγκριτική διάσταση
Social inequalities in the distribution of social capital indicators among internet users and non-users
Full text linkΤο παρόν άρθρο ασχολείται με τη διερεύνηση δύο διαστάσεων του κοινωνικού κεφαλαίου, συγκεκριμένα την κοινωνική εμπιστοσύνη και τα άτυπα δίκτυα χρηστών και μη χρηστών διαδικτύου. Για τον σκοπό αυτό, αξιοποιούνται εμπειρικά δεδομένα από το τρίτο κύμα της έρευνας World Internet Project (WIP) που διεξήχθη το 2019. Από τα εμπειρικά δεδομένα προκύπτει ότι οι χρήστες διαδικτύου διαθέτουν μεγαλύτερο απόθεμα κοινωνικού κεφαλαίου από τους μη χρήστες, τόσο ως προς τις διαστάσεις που αφορούν την κοινωνική εμπιστοσύνη όσο και ως προς αυτές που αφορούν τα άτυπα δίκτυα. Αποδεικνύεται όμως ότι η χρήση διαδικτύου δεν συνδέεται άμεσα με τους περισσότερους ενδείκτες κοινωνικού κεφαλαίου. Η χρήση του διαδικτύου συσχετίζεται με κοινωνικο-οικονομικο-δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά, τα οποία διακρίνουν τους χρήστες διαδικτύου από τους μη χρήστες και τα οποία εντέλει είναι αυτά που διαφοροποιούν την κατανομή του κοινωνικού κεφαλαίου.
Ο κώδικας και τα δεδομένα για την αναπαραγωγή της στατιστικής ανάλυσης του άρθρου είναι διαθέσιμα στο Αποθετήριο Δεδομένων του ΕΚΚΕ στην Ερευνητική Υποδομή των κοινωνικών επιστημών SoDaNet και ειδικότερα στον σύνδεσμο: https://doi.org/10.17903/FK2/N7AVHTIn this article we explore two dimensions of social capital, in particular social trust and the informal networks of internet users and non-users. For this purpose, we use empirical data from the 3rd wave of the World Internet Project (WIP) which took place in 2019. Data analysis shows that internet users have greater stock of social capital compared to the non-users, with regards to both dimensions of social capital, i.e. social trust and informal networks. However, data analysis also shows that the use of internet is not directly connected to most indicators of social capital. Instead, the use of internet is connected to users’ socio-economic and demographic characteristics, which eventually differentiate the distribution of social capital
Social Protection responses to Forced Displacement
No full textThe aim of the Social Protection Responses to Forced Displacement programme is to better understand effective mechanisms for linking social protection programmes and humanitarian assistance. By providing clearer guidance about when, how and why different linkages might be considered, the project will develop the theory, evidence base and operational guidance on how social protection systems and humanitarian systems can work together to meet the needs of those affected by displacement crises, including not only the displaced but vulnerable households in their host communities as well. The research is grounded in three country contexts with a total of six study sites that present different contexts of displacement and humanitarian response: Greece (Athens and Ioannina) Colombia (Bogotá and Cúcuta) Cameroon (far north and east) The project is led by ODI in close collaboration with the Centre for Applied Social Sciences Research and Training (CASS-RT) in Cameroon, the School of Government at the University of Los Andes in Colombia and the National Centre for Social Research (EKKE) in Greece. This work is part of the programme ‘Building the Evidence on Protracted Forced Displacement: A Multi-Stakeholder Partnership’. It is funded by the United Kingdom’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), is managed by the World Bank Group (WBG) and was established in partnership with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The programme aims to expand global knowledge on forced displacement by funding quality research and disseminating results for the use of practitioners and policy makers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A Documentation Model for Comparative Research Based on Harmonization Strategies
Full text linkA Documentation Model for Comparative Research Based on Harmonization Strategie
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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