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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Συχνότητα εμφάνισης Μεταβολικού Συνδρόμου σε παιδικό, εφηβικό και ενήλικο πληθυσμό της Κρήτης σε σχέση με τη διατροφή τους
Get PDFThe Metabolic Syndrome (MetSyn), is a major public health problem. It is defined as the clustering of three or more cardiovascular disease risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia, low HDL cholesterol and hyperglycemia. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of the MetSyn in children, adolescents and adults of Crete, and its association with their dietary intake assessed with the use of the USDAs Healthy Eating Index (HEI). The study included 1222 children and adolescents (age, 3-171/2 years), and 2377 adults (age, 18-94 years) who participated in studies carried out in Crete over the last 16 years by the Preventive Medicine Clinic of the University of Crete. The prevalence of the MetSyn was computed and then associated with the HEI. The HEI assesses and classifies the dietary intake of individuals by providing a score (1-100) to indicate the degree of compliance with dietary recommendations. A score of less than 51 indicates a poor diet, a score of 51-80 indicates diet that needs improvement, and a score over 81 indicates a good diet. The prevalence of the MetSyn was 20% in adults (27% of men, 10.9% of women), and 3.9% in children and adolescents (4.2% of boys, 3.6% of girls). The HEI of children-adolescents and adults was 58.7 and 65.3 respectively (p0.05). Ten percent of the adults with the MetSyn had a poor diet and 21% had a good diet (p<0.001). Similarly, 36% of the children-adolescents with the MetSyn had a poor diet and only 5% had a good diet (p=0.026). Compared to their non-obese counterparts, obese children and adolescents had 85 times greater risk for developing the MetSyn (95%CI: 33-219, p<0.001), while for obese adults the risk was 89 times greater (95%CI: 44-178, p<0.001). Children and adolescents with the MetSyn were 30% less likely to have good cardiorespiratory fitness (OR=0.70, 95%CI: 0.49-0.99, p=0.042) compared to those with no risk factors. Primary prevention of the MetSyn can be achieved when appropriate intervention with nutrition education is provided early in life, and when every person makes better choices as regards their diet, physical activity and lifestyle in general.Το Μεταβολικό Σύνδρομο (ΜετΣυν) ένα από τα μεγαλύτερα σύγχρονα προβλήματα δημόσιας υγείας σήμερα καθορίζεται από τη συνύπαρξη τριών ή περισσοτέρων παραγόντων, που περιλαμβάνουν την κεντρική παχυσαρκία, την υπέρταση, την υπερτριγλυκεριδαιμία, τη χαμηλή HDL χοληστερόλη και την υπεργλυκαιμία. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι ο προσδιορισμός της συχνότητας εμφάνισης του ΜετΣυν σε παιδιά, εφήβους και ενήλικες της Κρήτης σε σχέση με τη διατροφή τους. Επιλέχθηκαν 1222 παιδιά και έφηβοι 3 έως 17½ ετών και 2377 ενήλικες 18 έως 94 ετών που συμμετείχαν σε μελέτες που διεξήχθησαν στην Κρήτη κατά τη διάρκεια των τελευταίων 16 ετών από την Κλινική Προληπτικής Ιατρικής και ιατροφής του Πανεπιστημίου Κρήτης. Υπολογίστηκε η συχνότητα της συνύπαρξης τριών ή περισσοτέρων παραγόντων του ΜετΣυν και συσχετίστηκε με τον είκτη Υγιεινής ιατροφής (Υ), ο οποίος αξιολογεί και ταξινομεί τη διατροφή κάθε ατόμου σε κλίμακα από 1-100. ιατροφή με βαθμολογία μικρότερη του 51 θεωρείται ανεπαρκής, από 51 έως 80 ότι χρειάζεται βελτίωση και από 81 έως 100 καλή. Ο επιπολασμός του ΜετΣυν βρέθηκε 20% στους ενήλικες (27% στους άνδρες, 10,9% στις γυναίκες) και 3,9% στα παιδιά εφήβους (4,2% στα αγόρια, 3,6% στα κορίτσια). Ο Υ ήταν 58,7 στα παιδιά - εφήβους και 65,3 στους ενήλικες (p<0,05), υποδηλώνοντας ότι η διατροφή τους χρειάζεται βελτίωση. Οι ενήλικες με ΜετΣυν είχαν υψηλότερη βαθμολογία Υ έναντι εκείνων χωρίς παράγοντες κινδύνου (65,3 έναντι 64,4, p<0,05). Η μη αναμενόμενη αυτή σχέση οφείλεται στον παραδοσιακό τρόπο διατροφής των ηλικιωμένων ατόμων που συμμετείχαν στη μελέτη. Στους ενήλικες, το 10% εκείνων με ΜετΣυν, έχει διατροφή ανεπαρκή και 21% καλή (p<0,001), ενώ στα παιδιά εφήβους το 36% έχει ανεπαρκή και 5% καλή (p=0,026). Στα παχύσαρκα παιδιά εφήβους ο κίνδυνος να αναπτύξουν ΜετΣυν βρέθηκε 85 φορές μεγαλύτερος σε σχέση με τα φυσιολογικά (95%Ε: 33-219, p<0,001), και 89 φορές στους ενήλικες (95%Ε: 44-178, p<0,001). Τα παιδιά και έφηβοι με ΜετΣυν είχαν 30% χαμηλότερη πιθανότητα για καλή καρδιοαναπνευστική αντοχή (OR=0,70, 95%Ε: 0,49 0,99, p=0,042). Η πρωτογενής πρόληψη και αντιμετώπιση του ΜετΣυν μπορεί να επιτευχθεί μόνο με κατάλληλη αγωγή υγείας απευθυνόμενη σε όλες τις ομάδες του πληθυσμού, έτσι ώστε να τους δοθεί η δυνατότητα να κάνουν καλύτερες επιλογές στη διατροφή, στη σωματική άσκηση και γενικότερα στον τρόπο ζωής τους
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The use of composite scores to assess adherence to dietary patterns: the Mediterranean diet case
No full textThe association of diet with chronic disease has been well documented, and in recent years, research interest has focused on the investigation of whole dietary patterns, instead of single nutrients, for the prevention, and/or treatment of several diseases. The Mediterranean diet is recommended to the Western world as a dietary pattern that is both palatable and healthy, and that can be easily incorporated within a modern lifestyle. Although it is difficult to establish a definition of the ‘typical’ traditional Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean dietary patterns share eight characteristics that differentiate them from American and northern European food cultures. In particular: a high ratio of monounsaturated to saturated fat (MUFA:SFA); high intake of vegetables; fruits, nuts and seeds; legumes/ pulses; (mainly unrefined) cereals; a low-to-moderate intake of dairy products; low intake of meat, meat products and poultry; and moderate alcohol consumption. In 1995, the use of an 8-unit ‘a priori’ dietary score to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet was proposed, based on the above characteristics of this dietary pattern. This score was later revised to account for fish consumption, the intake of which in the Mediterranean diet was moderate-to-high. Since then, several studies have used adaptations of the original Mediterranean Diet Score, and found significant inverse associations between adherence and overall mortality, disease risk, and biomarkers of health, as well as positive associations with survival. Further, the score has been utilised to detect dietary improvements in nutrition intervention studies. The purpose of this chapter is to describe and investigate the use of the original score and its adaptations in research studies, present the findings of studies utilising such indexes, and discuss validity and reliability issues for dietary assessment purposes. Suggestions for researchers wishing to employ Mediterranean diet indexes to investigate associations with chronic disease and assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the future will also be provided
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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