1,135 research outputs found
Effect of the GLC Coating Thickness on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of the CrN/GLC Coatings
No full textVolcanic gas reservoir characterization / Qiquan Ran, Yongjun Wang, Yuanhui Sun, Lin Yan, Min Tong.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.xix, 583 pages :"This introduction chapter summarizes our current understandings of volcanic gas reservoirs worldwide and in China. The challenges and their innovative technical solutions presented in this book, as well as the significance of gas reservoir characterization, are summarized based on the authors' real case studies in Chinese volcanic gas fields during the last decade. A flow chart representing the research concepts and approaches that deal with specific difficulties in volcanic gas reservoir characterization provides the readers with an outline of this book"-- Provided by publisher
China's rural development challenges: land tenure reform and local institutional experimentation
No full textDespite its unprecedented achievements in rural development, China remains a lower-middle income country. Unsound practices in farmland use and management have contributed to farmland loss, rising social conflicts and deprivation of the landless, which perpetuates rural poverty and land tenure insecurity of the weak and poor. The current hybrid land tenure systems characterized by collective ownership and individual use rights exert both positive and negative effects on land governance. China’s approach to land laws, policies and institutional reforms is characterized by inherent weaknesses which impede the strengthening of peasants’ rights and collective action in the process. With the simplistic assumption on the importance of land tenure to facilitate its transferability and scaled agricultural production, the current reform is undergoing a risky transformation that may backfire. In this sense, the Chinese approach bears resemblances with other countries whose experiences have failed the poor and have produced unintended consequences. In essence, the failure to take into account the livelihoods of the poor especially from sustainable land use perspectives exemplifies their pursuit of short-term gains rather than longer-term solutions to complex rural development issues. The challenges confronting China’s rural development require a renewed understanding of what constitutes an appropriate land tenure system that suits the local conditions of a given community. This needs a holistic study of what kind of land tenure systems exist in China, how they have worked in the past, what their problems are, and how they can be redressed to suit the needs of the poor.
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Characterization of GM events by insert knowledge adapted re-sequencing approaches
No full textDetection methods and data from molecular characterization of genetically modified (GM) events are needed by stakeholders of public risk assessors and regulators. Generally, the molecular characteristics of GM events are incomprehensively revealed by current approaches and biased towards detecting transformation vector derived sequences. GM events are classified based on available knowledge of the sequences of vectors and inserts (insert knowledge). Herein we present three insert knowledge-adapted approaches for characterization GM events (TT51-1 and T1c-19 rice as examples) based on paired-end re-sequencing with the advantages of comprehensiveness, accuracy, and automation. The comprehensive molecular characteristics of two rice events were revealed with additional unintended insertions comparing with the results from PCR and Southern blotting. Comprehensive transgene characterization of TT51-1 and T1c-19 is shown to be independent of a priori knowledge of the insert and vector sequences employing the developed approaches. This provides an opportunity to identify and characterize also unknown GM events.Litao Yang, Congmao Wang, Arne Holst-Jensen, Dany Morisset, Yongjun Lin and Dabing Zhan
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The nature and effects of consumer identity fusion in consumer-brand relationships
No full texttextWhile existing literature describes strong brand relationships along several dimensions, this research sheds light on the identity perspective of brand relationships through the lens of consumer identity fusion, aiming to understand the extent to which consumers incorporate brands into their self-perceptions. Specifically, this research investigates the nature and effects of consumer identity fusion and its motivational consequences following brand transgressions. Study One examines whether consumer identity fusion out-predicts brand identification in estimating the tendency for consumers to endorse pro-relationship behavior with regard to minor or severe transgressions. The results show that highly fused consumers are more likely to undertake constructive coping strategies and are less likely to engage in destructive coping strategies than are weakly fused consumers. The fusion × perceived severity interaction effect is found only for the exit coping strategy. Study Two assesses how consumer identity fusion influences consumers’ responses to personal-related versus societal-related brand transgressions. The findings demonstrate that the effect of consumer identity fusion is stronger than that of brand identification across different behavioral outcomes; it has a greater effect on participants’ relationship-serving responses to personal-related transgressions than to societal-related brand transgressions. However, the fusion × brand transgression types interaction effect is found only for exit responses. Finally, Study Three incorporates an additional self-affirmation manipulation to determine the interplay of consumers’ personal and social identities, aiming to disentangle the source of the motivational machinery needed for consumers’ pro-relationship behaviors. The findings underscore that highly fused consumers in the affirmation condition are less likely to exit the brand relationship than those in the no affirmation condition when facing personal-related brand transgressions, even though self-affirmation should reduce the negative effect of brand transgressions. Nevertheless, the expected relationships are not found for consumers’ change in brand evaluation and other behavioral measures. The findings of this research together suggest that consumer identity fusion is applicable for understanding connections between consumers and the brand relationship partner in consumer-brand relationships. Implications of these findings and directions for refinement and future research are discussed.Advertisin
The mean suspended sediment concentration profile of silty sediments under wave-dominant conditions
No full textSuspended sediment concentration (SSC) is one of the fundamental topics in sediment study. The parameterization of the SSC profile of silty sediments is still under-researched. This study focuses on the mean SSC profile for silty sediments under non-breaking wave-dominant conditions. First, inspired by a 1DV model, different types of the distribution of mean eddy viscosity were proposed, i.e., a toe-type distribution over flat bed and a constant-toe type distribution over rippled bed. Then, the time-averaged diffusion equation for suspended sediment transport was analytically solved, and expressions for the mean SSC profiles were derived. The expressions involve several basic physical processes, including the effects of bed forms, stratification, hindered settling and mobile bed. Verification using a number of experimental datasets showed that the proposed expressions can properly calculate the mean SSC for silt and are applicable for sand as well. In conclusion, this research provides an approach to estimate the mean SSC for silty sediments under wave-dominant conditions, which is expected to be applicable for engineering practice and numerical modelling.Accepted Author ManuscriptCoastal Engineerin
Programmed exosome fusion for energy generation in living cells
No full text© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.Biological membrane-enclosed organelles are fascinating examples of spatially confined nanoreactors for biocatalytic transformations such as cascade reactions involving multiple enzymes; however, the fabrication of their synthetic mimics remains a considerable challenge. Here we demonstrate supramolecular chemistry-based bridging of two membranes leading to controlled fusion of exosomes that act as nanoreactors for effective biocatalytic cascades, with prolonged functionality inside of living cells. Exosome membrane proteins were chemically engineered with a catechol moiety to drive fusion by supramolecular complexation to bridge the membranes. This strategy successfully encapsulated multiple enzymes and assembled the minimal electron transport chain in the plasma membrane, leading to tuneable, enhanced catalytic cascade activity capable of ATP synthesis inside of tissue spheroids. This nanoreactor was functional for many hours after uptake into living cells, showed successful penetration into tissue spheroids and repaired the damaged region by supplying ATP, all of which represent an advance in the mimicking of nature’s own organelles. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].11Nsciescopu
Key decomposers of straw depending on tillage and fertilization
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004775 Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Provincehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100018647 RUDN Universityhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809 National Natural Science Foundation of Chin
The spectral positioning algorithm of new spectrum vehicle based on convex programming in wireless sensor network
No full textCorrection to: Laccase from Scytalidium thermophilum: Production Improvement, Catalytic Behavior and Detoxifying Ability of Diclofenac (Catalysis Letters, (2019), 149, 7, (1833-1844), 10.1007/s10562-019-02771-1)
No full textThe article "Laccase from Scytalidium thermophilum: Production Improvement, Catalytic Behavior and Detoxifying Ability of Diclofenac" written by "Sonia Ben Younes, Saoussen Ben Khedher, Yongjun Zhang, Sven-Uwe Geissen and Sami Sayadi" was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal on 2 April 2019. The author Sayadi Sami's affiliation has been changed from (1,4) to (4). At the time of publication of the paper, the author Sami Sayadi is affiliated solely to the Center for Sustainable Development at Qatar university. The original article has been corrected. 2022, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Scopu
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