1,720,952 research outputs found
q-Differential equations for q-classical polynomials and q-Jacobi-Stirling numbers
Full text linkWe introduce, characterise and provide a combinatorial interpretation for the so-called q-Jacobi–Stirling numbers.
This study is motivated by their key role in the (reciprocal) expansion of any power of a second order
q-differential operator having the q-classical polynomials as eigenfunctions in terms of other even order operators,
which we explicitly construct in this work. The results here obtained can be viewed as the q-version of
those given by Everitt et al. and by the first author, whilst the combinatorics of this new set of numbers is a
q-version of the Jacobi–Stirling numbers given by Gelineau and the second author
Modification of Loop 1 Affects the Nucleotide Binding Properties of Myo1c, the Adaptation Motor in the Inner Ear
Full text linkMyo1c is one of eight members of the mammalian myosin I family of actin-associated molecular motors. In stereocilia of the hair cells in the inner ear, Myo1c presumably serves as the adaptation motor, which regulates the opening and closing of transduction channels. Although there is conservation of sequence and structure among all myosins in the N-terminal motor domain, which contains the nucleotide- and actin-binding sites, some differences include the length and composition of surface loops, including loop 1, which lies near the nucleotide-binding domain. To investigate the role of loop 1, we expressed in insect cells mutants of a truncated form of Myo1c, Myo1c1IQ, as well as chimeras of Myo1c1IQ with the analogous loop from other myosins. We found that replacement of the charged residues in loop 1 with alanines or the whole loop with a series of alanines did not alter the ATPase activity, transient kinetics properties, or Ca2+ sensitivity of Myo1c1IQ. Substitution of loop 1 with that of the corresponding region from tonic smooth muscle myosin II (Myo1c1IQ-tonic) or replacement with a single glycine (Myo1c1IQ-G) accelerated the release of ADP from A.M 2?3-fold in Ca2+, whereas substitution with loop 1 from phasic muscle myosin II (Myo1c1IQ-phasic) accelerated the release of ADP 35-fold. Motility assays with chimeras containing a single ?-helix, or SAH, domain showed that Myo1cSAH-tonic translocated actin in vitro twice as fast as Myo1cSAH-WT and 3-fold faster than Myo1cSAH-G. The studies show that changes induced in Myo1c via modification of loop 1 showed no resemblance to the behavior of the loop donor myosins or to the changes previously observed with similar Myo1b chimeras
MOHA: A Multi-Mode Hybrid Automaton Model for Learning Car-Following Behaviors
No full textThis paper proposes a novel hybrid model for learning discrete and continuous dynamics of car-following behaviors. Multiple modes representing driving patterns are identified by partitioning the model into groups of states. The model is visualizable and interpretable for car-following behavior recognition, traffic simulation, and human-like cruise control. The experimental results using the next generation simulation datasets demonstrate its superior fitting accuracy over conventional models.Accepted author manuscriptCyber Securit
A Comparative Assessment of Answer Quality on Four Question Answering Sites
Full text linkQuestion answering (Q&A) sites, where communities of volunteers answer questions, may provide faster, cheaper, and better services than traditional institutions. However, like other Web 2.0 platforms, user-created content raises concerns about information quality. At the same time, Q&A sites may provide answers of different quality because they have different communities and technological platforms. This paper compares answer quality on four Q&A sites: Askville, WikiAnswers, Wikipedia Reference Desk, and Yahoo! Answers. Findings indicate that: 1) the use of similar collaborative processes on these sites results in a wide range of outcomes. Significant differences in answer accuracy, completeness, and verifiability were found; 2) answer multiplication does not always result in better information. Answer multiplication yields more complete and verifiable answers but does not result in higher accuracy levels; and 3) a Q&A site’s popularity does not correlate with its answer quality, on all three measures
Q(10) values vary with different kinetic properties of C mineralization
No full textTemperature response quotient (Q(10)) is a critical parameter for evaluating global additional carbon (C) release with climate change. However, its value is usually derived from time span or instantaneous rate or cumulative amount of C flux, giving a very one-sided account of thermal sensitivity of C cycling. Through a 117-day laboratory incubation study, we estimated Q(10) values simultaneously with the labile (a(0)) and recalcitrant C proportions and their rate constants, and then tested for any variances of these kinetic properties in different vegetation stands, soil horizons, aeration statuses, and thermal settings (i.e., diurnally-varying, constant low and constant high temperatures). A regularly varying temperature regime increased the exploitation of labile C resources (i.e., high a0) and required longer time spans (i.e., low rate constants). The constant high temperature induced the exhaustive depletion of the labile C pool and motivated a very rapid and short-term C mineralization process. The constant low temperature treatment was characterized by the lowest a(0) but by medium rate constants because low temperature slowed the C mineralization processes but retained high level of the original C processing diversity. Therefore, a(0), and the rate constants showed discrepancies in their temperature sensitivities as revealed by pairwise comparisons of temperature regimes. Such discrepancies were also supported by pairwise comparisons of aeration statuses, forest stands and soil horizons. The Q(10) bias between C mineralization a(0) and rate constants in this laboratory experiment is attributed to the inherently distinct properties of these two parameters, as a(0) and its Q(10) are closely correlated with the sizes of the easily available C pool, while rate constants and their Q(10), variances explain the temporal scale of the same C mineralization process. Our findings suggest a combined application of a(0) and rate constants for exploring the temperature sensitivity of C mineralization in future studies
Mechanical Parameter Identification of Hydraulic Engineering with the Improved Deep Q-Network Algorithm
No full textDuring the long-term operating period, the mechanical parameters of hydraulic structures and foundation deteriorated gradually because of the environmental factors. In order to evaluate the overall safety and durability, these parameters should be calculated by some accurate analysis methods, which are hindered by slow computational efficiency and optimization performance. The improved deep Q-network (DQN) algorithm combined with the deep neural network (DNN) surrogate model was proposed in this paper to ameliorate the above problems. Through the study cases of different zoning in the dam body and the actual engineering foundation, it is shown that the improved DQN algorithm has a good application effect on inversion analysis of material mechanical parameters in this paper. Safety and Security Scienc
Using datasets from industrial control systems for cyber security research and education
No full textThe availability of high-quality benchmark datasets is an important prerequisite for research and education in the cyber security domain. Datasets from realistic systems offer a platform for researchers to develop and test novel models and algorithms. Such datasets also offer students opportunities for active and project-centric learning. In this paper, we describe six publicly available datasets from the domain of Industrial Control Systems (ICS). Five of these datasets are obtained through experiments conducted in the context of operational ICS while the sixth is obtained from a widely used simulation tool, namely EPANET, for large scale water distribution networks. This paper presents two studies on the use of the datasets. The first study uses the dataset from a live water treatment plant. This study leads to a novel and explainable anomaly detection method based upon Timed Automata and Bayesian Networks. The study conducted in the context of education made use of the water distribution network dataset in a graduate course on cyber data analytics. Through an assignment, students explored the effectiveness of various methods for anomaly detection. Research outcomes and the success of the course indicate an appreciation in the research community and positive learning experience in education.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Cyber SecurityNetwork Architectures and Service
Assessment on China's urbanization after the implementation of main functional areas planning
No full textChina has implemented main functional areas planning (MFAP) since 2010, which is essential for improving the efficiency of land space utilization and achieving sustainable urban development. Quantitative assessments of the urban development levels (UDLs) at the county level across China after the implementation of MFAP have not been well-documented. In this study, a unified indicator system was developed, and the UDLs of 2850 counties in China after MFAP implementation were evaluated. The results showed that MFAP played a positive role in urban development in China. The UDLs in China generally increased but showed obvious spatial differences. The higher UDLs were mostly found in the counties in the five urban belts, which reflects the overall urban layout of China. The UDLs were generally low in the western counties in comparison with those in the eastern part of China. The differences in the UDLs from east to west were greater than those from north to south. Moreover, the differences in the UDLs presented a spatial agglomeration effect. This study could offer insight into the refinement of MFAP in China and sustainable urban development in developing countries.Accepted Author ManuscriptHydraulic Structures and Flood Ris
Lane-Change Intention Estimation for Car-Following Control in Autonomous Driving
No full textCar-following is the most general behavior in highway driving. It is crucial to recognize the cut-in intention of vehicles from an adjacent lane for safe and cooperative driving. In this paper, a method of behavior estimation is proposed to recognize and predict the lane change intentions based on the contextual traffic information. A model predictive controller is designed to optimize the acceleration sequences by incorporating the lane-change intentions of other vehicles. The public data set of next generation simulation is labeled and then published as a benchmarking platform for the research community. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately estimate vehicle behavior and therefore outperform the traditional car-following control.Accepted author manuscriptCyber Securit
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