1,720,990 research outputs found
Approche éco-anatomique du bois de vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) pour une meilleure connaissance de l'histoire de la viticulture en Méditerranée nord-occidentale
No full textMany questions remain about the emergence and development of viticulture and wine production in the northwestern Mediterranean (concerning the existence of indigenous domestication centers, the role of the Greek and Roman settlers, the possible development of local vines) despite a significant body of genetic, biological, archaeological (winemaking sites, plant remains, plantation pits) and historical data (texts and iconography) allowing us to establish a model of development, expansion and spread of viticulture and wine production in France. Is the emergence multi-local? Is viticulture practiced by the indigenous populations or is it a result from colonial influence? What is the origin (time and location) of viticulture? Are cultivation and domestication synchronous? Were wild plants cultivated prior to domestication? What cultivation methods were used?The analysis of archaeological charcoal, compared with reference material from modern wild vines and cultivars is at the basis of the project “Eco-anatomic approach wood vine (Vitis vinifera L.) aiming at a better understanding of the history of viticulture in the northwestern Mediterranean” and offering the opportunity of finding answers to our questions. Or data assess the eco-anatomical plasticity of the wild and the cultivated vines under certain environmental and cultivation conditions and highlight quantitative anatomical characters discriminating wild vines from cultivated vines. This allows us to identify the status (wild or cultivated) of bio-archaeological samples, thus providing reliable information on the origins of vine cultivation and cultivation habits (ecological parameters farming practices).Beaucoup d’énigmes subsistent quant à l’émergence et au développement de la viticulture et de la viniculture en Méditerranée nord-occidentale. L’existence de foyers de domestication indigènes, le rôle joué par les colons grecs et romains au contact des populations autochtones, ou bien le développement possible de vignes endémiques permettent d’établir un modèle de développement, d’expansion et de diffusion de la viticulture - viniculture en France. Malgré un corpus important de données génétiques, biologiques, archéologiques (sites viticoles, restes bio-archéologiques, traces de plantations) et historiques (textes et iconographie), des doutes persistent.L’émergence est-elle multi-locale ? La viticulture est-elle le fait de populations indigènes ou intervient-elle sous influence coloniale ? Quelle est l’origine (chronologique et géographique) de la viticulture ? Culture et domestication sont-elles synchrones ? A-t-on cultivé le sauvage avant la domestication ? Quels modes et quelles conduites de culture ont-ils prévalus ?Le projet intitulé « Approche éco-anatomique du bois de vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) pour une meilleure connaissance de l’histoire de la viticulture en Méditerranée nord-occidentale » a tenté de répondre à ces questions. L’analyse de charbons de bois archéologiques, comparés à des charbons de bois de vignes actuelles sauvages et domestiquées, a offert l’opportunité de trouver des réponses, en mettant en relation les résultats éco-anatomiques et les données archéologiques, archéobiologiques, et génétiques.Les résultats attendus ont porté sur (1) l’évaluation de la plasticité éco-anatomique de la vigne sauvage et de la vigne cultivée-domestiquée au regard des conditions environnementales et de culture, (2) la mise en évidence de caractères anatomiques quantitatifs discriminant la vigne sauvage de la vigne cultivée, (3) l’application des données éco-anatomiques de l’actuel dans le but d’identifier le statut (sauvage ou cultivé) des échantillons bio-archéologiques. Ces résultats ont permis de mieux cerner la datation des origines de la culture de la vigne et de mieux comprendre les modalités de culture (paramètres écologiques, pratiques culturales)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Approche éco-anatomique du bois de vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) pour une meilleure connaissance de l'histoire de la viticulture en Méditerranée nord-occidentale
No full textMany questions remain about the emergence and development of viticulture and wine production in the northwestern Mediterranean (concerning the existence of indigenous domestication centers, the role of the Greek and Roman settlers, the possible development of local vines) despite a significant body of genetic, biological, archaeological (winemaking sites, plant remains, plantation pits) and historical data (texts and iconography) allowing us to establish a model of development, expansion and spread of viticulture and wine production in France. Is the emergence multi-local? Is viticulture practiced by the indigenous populations or is it a result from colonial influence? What is the origin (time and location) of viticulture? Are cultivation and domestication synchronous? Were wild plants cultivated prior to domestication? What cultivation methods were used?The analysis of archaeological charcoal, compared with reference material from modern wild vines and cultivars is at the basis of the project “Eco-anatomic approach wood vine (Vitis vinifera L.) aiming at a better understanding of the history of viticulture in the northwestern Mediterranean” and offering the opportunity of finding answers to our questions. Or data assess the eco-anatomical plasticity of the wild and the cultivated vines under certain environmental and cultivation conditions and highlight quantitative anatomical characters discriminating wild vines from cultivated vines. This allows us to identify the status (wild or cultivated) of bio-archaeological samples, thus providing reliable information on the origins of vine cultivation and cultivation habits (ecological parameters farming practices).Beaucoup d’énigmes subsistent quant à l’émergence et au développement de la viticulture et de la viniculture en Méditerranée nord-occidentale. L’existence de foyers de domestication indigènes, le rôle joué par les colons grecs et romains au contact des populations autochtones, ou bien le développement possible de vignes endémiques permettent d’établir un modèle de développement, d’expansion et de diffusion de la viticulture - viniculture en France. Malgré un corpus important de données génétiques, biologiques, archéologiques (sites viticoles, restes bio-archéologiques, traces de plantations) et historiques (textes et iconographie), des doutes persistent.L’émergence est-elle multi-locale ? La viticulture est-elle le fait de populations indigènes ou intervient-elle sous influence coloniale ? Quelle est l’origine (chronologique et géographique) de la viticulture ? Culture et domestication sont-elles synchrones ? A-t-on cultivé le sauvage avant la domestication ? Quels modes et quelles conduites de culture ont-ils prévalus ?Le projet intitulé « Approche éco-anatomique du bois de vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) pour une meilleure connaissance de l’histoire de la viticulture en Méditerranée nord-occidentale » a tenté de répondre à ces questions. L’analyse de charbons de bois archéologiques, comparés à des charbons de bois de vignes actuelles sauvages et domestiquées, a offert l’opportunité de trouver des réponses, en mettant en relation les résultats éco-anatomiques et les données archéologiques, archéobiologiques, et génétiques.Les résultats attendus ont porté sur (1) l’évaluation de la plasticité éco-anatomique de la vigne sauvage et de la vigne cultivée-domestiquée au regard des conditions environnementales et de culture, (2) la mise en évidence de caractères anatomiques quantitatifs discriminant la vigne sauvage de la vigne cultivée, (3) l’application des données éco-anatomiques de l’actuel dans le but d’identifier le statut (sauvage ou cultivé) des échantillons bio-archéologiques. Ces résultats ont permis de mieux cerner la datation des origines de la culture de la vigne et de mieux comprendre les modalités de culture (paramètres écologiques, pratiques culturales)
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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