1,721,786 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Aplicação de modelos matemáticos ao amadurecimento de tomates recobertas por blendas de polissacarídeos durante o armazenamento
Full text linkIntensive use of non-renewable plastic materials causes environmental problems. Biopolymer materials that are non-toxic and biodegradable can partially replace plastic in many applications. Biopolymers based on polysaccharides have been analyzed as coatings for application in fruits with the objective of extending their useful life without harming the environment.Tomato is a fruit of high world consumption, which is highly perishable, because it is climacteric. In this work, pure and mixed coatings of chitosan, cassava starch and tamarind xyloglucan were applied to tomatoes at concentrations of 0.75%, 1.5% and 3.0% of dry mass ofbiopolymer, and their effects on mass loss and total colour variation in treated fruits were evaluated. The mass loss was described by linear mathematical models. The total colour variation was described bynon-linear mathematical models: Gompertz, Bertallanfy, logistic and Brody. The parameters obtained for the models were estimated by regression by least squares method. Among 21 treatments analysed, the 3 treatments that presented more significant effects in the color were chosen to be evaluated about their influence on the maturing of the tomatoes. The sessile drop method was used to confirm the hydrophilicity of the coatings by measuring the contact angle and the surface of the coated tomatoes was observed using optical microscopy.Analysis of firmness, acidity, soluble solids and pigments (chlorophyll A and B, lycopene and β-carotene) were also performed. It was observed that the lowest rates of mass loss were observed in the coated tomatoes at the concentration of 3.0% dry mass, with the binary chitosan and manioc starch mixture (1: 1) being the composition that caused a larger reduction in rate of mass loss at this concentration. The logistic model best described the evolution of color in tomatoes covered with 0.75% and 1.5% coverage, while the Gompertz model best described the color evolution for the concentration of 3.0%. By the values of the parameters of the estimated models A and k, it can be inferred that the maturation occurred more slowly in the fruits submitted to the mixtures T2 (starch), T3 (xyloglucan) and T7 (chitosan + starch + xyloglucan). 3.0% of dry mass underwent anaerobiosis, and T3 (xyloglucan) presented high rates of mass loss. Thus, T1 (chitosan), T2 (starch) and T4 (chitosan + starch) in the concentration of 1.5% of dry mass were the treatments chosen for the physical-chemical analysis of the fruits. The analysis of the contact angles showed that the biopolymer coatings are hydrophilic, and the cassava starch (T2) coating had the lowest contact angle. By optical microscopy, it was possible to see that the coverage of chitosan binary composition and cassava starch (1: 1) provided a greater barrier to gas exchange when compared to other coverages. No influencesof the applied coatings were observed on the firmness of the tomatoes, nor on the variation of soluble solids content and chlorophyll A concentration. The chitosan treatment showed a greater influence on the titratable acidity variation as well as on the concentration of lycopene and β-carotene. The treatment with chitosan + starch (1: 1) showed greater influence on the variation of the TSS / AT ratio and the variation of the concentration of chlorophyll BO intenso uso de materiais plásticos de origem não renovável tem causado graves problemas ao meio ambiente. Os materiais biopoliméricos podem substituir o plástico convencional parcialmente por serem biodegradáveis e atóxicos. Coberturas biopoliméricas à base de polissacarídeos vêm sendo estudadas como revestimentos para aplicação em frutos com o objetivo de estender sua vida de prateleira, sem agredir o meio ambiente. O tomate é um fruto de elevado consumo mundial, climatérico e altamente perecível. Neste trabalho, foram aplicadas coberturas puras e mistas de quitosana, fécula de mandioca e xiloglucana de tamarindo em tomates nas concentrações de 0,75%, 1,5% e 3,0% de massa seca de biopolímero e foram avaliados seus efeitos na perda de massa e variação total da cor dos frutos tratados. A perda de massa foi descrita por modelos matemáticos lineares enquanto a variação total da cor foi descrita pelos modelos matemáticos não lineares de Gompertz, Bertalanffy, Logístico e Brody. Os parâmetros obtidos para os modelos foram estimados por regressão pelo método dos mínimos quadrados. Dentre os 21 tratamentos com coberturas analisados, foram escolhidos 3 tratamentos que apresentaram efeitos mais significativos para ser avaliada a influência dos mesmos no amadurecimento dos frutos. O método da gota séssil foi empregado para confirmar a hidrofilicidade das coberturas através da medida do ângulo de contato e a superfície dos tomates revestidos foi observada por microscopia ótica. Foram feitas também análises físico-químicas de firmeza, acidez, sólidos solúveis e pigmentos (clorofila A e B, licopeno e β-caroteno). Constatou-se que as menores taxas de perda de massa ocorrem nos tomates revestidos na concentração de 3,0% de massa seca, sendo a mistura binária de quitosana e fécula de mandioca (1:1) a composição que provocou uma redução maior na taxa de perda de massa nessa concentração. O modelo Logístico foi o que melhor descreveu a evolução da cor em tomates recobertos com coberturas nas concentrações de 0,75% e 1,5%, enquanto o modelo de Gompertz foi o que melhor descreveu a evolução da cor para a concentração de 3,0%. Pelos valores dos parâmetros dos modelos A e k estimados, constatou-se que o amadurecimento ocorreu mais lentamente nos frutos submetidos aos tratamentos T2 (fécula), T3 (xiloglucana) e T7 (quitosana + fécula + xiloglucana), porém os frutos tratados na concentração de 3,0% de massa seca sofreram anaerobiose, e o tratamento T3 (xiloglucana) apresentou elevadas taxas de perda de massa. Dessa forma,T1 (quitosana), T2 (fécula) e T4 (quitosana + fécula) na concentração de 1,5% de massa seca foram os tratamentos escolhidos para a análise físico-química dos frutos. A análise dos ângulos de contato mostrou que as coberturas biopoliméricas são hidrofílicas, sendo que a cobertura à base de fécula de mandioca (T2) apresentou o menor ângulo de contato. Pela microscopia ótica ficou perceptível que a cobertura de composição binária quitosana e fécula de mandioca (1:1) proporcionou uma maior barreira à troca gasosa quando comparada às demais coberturas. Não foram verificadas influências das coberturas aplicadas na firmeza dos tomates revestidos, bem como na variação do teor de sólidos solúveis e na concentração de clorofila A. O tratamento à base de quitosana demonstrou maior influência na variação da acidez titulável bem como nas variações da concentração de licopeno e β-caroteno. O tratamento à base de quitosana + fécula (1:1) demonstrou maior influência na variação da razão TSS/AT e na variação da concentração de clorofila BTrabalho não financiado por agência de fomento, ou autofinanciad
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