302,920 research outputs found
Multiple functions of LIM domain-binding CLIM/NLI/Ldb cofactors during zebrafish development
No full textThe crucial involvement of CLIM/NLI/Ldb cofactors for the exertion of the biological activity of LIM homeodomain transcription factors (LIM-HD) has been demonstrated. In this paper we show that CLIM cofactors are widely expressed during zebrafish development with high protein levels in specific neuronal cell types where LIM-HD proteins of the Isl class are synthesized. The overexpression of a dominant-negative CLIM molecule (DN-CLIM) that contains the LIM interaction domain (LID) during early developmental stages of zebrafish embryos results in an impairment of eye and midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB) development and disturbances in the formation of the anterior midline. On a cellular level we show that the outgrowth of peripheral but not central axons from Rohon Beard (RB) and trigeminal sensory neurons is inhibited by DN-CLIM overexpression. We demonstrate a further critical role of CLIM cofactors for axonal outgrowth of motor neurons. Additionally, DN-CLIM overexpression causes an increase of Isl-protein expression levels in specific neuronal cell types, likely due to a protection of the DN-CLIM/LIM-HD complex from proteasomal degradation. Our results demonstrate multiple roles of the CLIM cofactor family for the development of entire organs, axonal outgrowth of specific neurons and protein expression levels
Four and a half LIM protein 1C (FHL1C)
No full textFour-and-a-half LIM domain protein 1 isoform A (FHL1A) is predominantly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Mutations in the FHL1 gene are causative for several types of hereditary myopathies including X-linked myopathy with postural muscle atrophy (XMPMA). We here studied myoblasts from XMPMA patients. We found that functional FHL1A protein is completely absent in patient myoblasts. In parallel, expression of FHL1C is either unaffected or increased. Furthermore, a decreased proliferation rate of XMPMA myoblasts compared to controls was observed but an increased number of XMPMA myoblasts was found in the G(0)/G(1) phase. Furthermore, low expression of K(v1.5), a voltage-gated potassium channel known to alter myoblast proliferation during the G(1) phase and to control repolarization of action potential, was detected. In order to substantiate a possible relation between K(v1.5) and FHL1C, a pull-down assay was performed. A physical and direct interaction of both proteins was observed in vitro. In addition, confocal microscopy revealed substantial colocalization of FHL1C and K(v1.5) within atrial cells, supporting a possible interaction between both proteins in vivo. Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments demonstrated that coexpression of K(v1.5) with FHL1C in Xenopus laevis oocytes markedly reduced K(+) currents when compared to oocytes expressing K(v1.5) only. We here present the first evidence on a biological relevance of FHL1C
Lim i skor : Vattenbaserade lim som ett mindre riskfyllt alternativ till lösningsbaserade lim
No full textNilsonGroup presenterade uppdraget att undersöka vattenbaserade lim som alternativ till lösningsbaserade lim vid tillverkning av skor, vilket var grunden till det här arbetets ämne och avgränsningar har tagits fram. Vattenbaserade lim är ett alternativ till lösningsbaserade lim som inte är lika hälsofarligt, då lösningsmedelkan orsaka allvarliga hälsoeffekter. Enligt NilsonGroup ligger skobranschen steget efter vad det gäller hållbarhet och i nuläget saknas det en satsning på hållbarutveckling, medan andra branscher är bättre på att leta efter nya möjligheter. Det här arbetet vill lyfta fram på vilka sätt vattenbaserade lim är ett mindre riskfylltalternativ till lösningsbaserade lim och visa att skillnaderna i limfogens egenskaper inte blir så olika. Första delen av resultatet innefattar en definition av lim och limning. Fokus ligger på att reda ut vad som krävs och hur en limfog skapas med ett lim mellan två ytor, för att läsaren ska få en grundlig kunskap om det innan arbetet går in på lim i skor. Det presenteras även vilka egenskaper som är viktiga för en limfog och vilka faktorer det är som vanligtvis vägs in vid val av lim. Andra delen handlar om material, lim och limfogar i skoindustrin. Resultatet visar att det är den övre delen av skon och sulan som är den mest kritiska limfogen att skapa vid tillverkningen av en sko, samt att de mest förekommande lim som används vid skotillverkning är av polymererna polyuretan och polykloropren. De material till den övre delen av skon som främst används av NilsonGroup och generellt hela skoindustrin, är syntetiskt skinn, läder och bomull. Till en skos sula används gummi och polyuretan i störst utsträckning. Resultatet kommer fram till fem olika kombinationer av material och vattenbaserade lim som har bra potential att kunna bilda en hållbar limfog. Resultatet visar även att de egenskaper som vattenbaserade och lösningsbaserade polykloropren- och polyuretanlim ger en limfog är lika, så när det kommer till att välja mellan vattenbaserade lim och lösningsbaserade lim, så är det komponenterna i limmen och riskerna de medför som innefattar den stora skillnaden. I bilaga 1presenteras alla de mest förekommande komponenter som polyuretan- och polykloroprenlim består av, samt vilka hälsoeffekter de kan orsaka vid exponering för ämnet.NilsonGroup presented the assignment to investigate water-borne adhesives as an alternative to solvent-borne adhesives in shoe production. This represent the purpose of this work and the limitations that have been developed. Water-borne adhesives do not pose as serious health risks as solvent-borne adhesives, mainly because of the solvent that may cause serious health risks. According to NilsonGroup, the shoe industry is a step behind in terms of sustainability and there is no investment in sustainable development. While other industries are stepping forward in terms of sustainability. The purpose of this work is to highlight waterborne adhesives as a less critical alternative to solvent-borne adhesives. And to prove that the characteristics between the two choices are not so different. The first part of this work explains adhesives and adhesive bonding. The part explains the requirements and how an adhesive joint is created from an adhesive between two different surfaces. This is necessary to get the reader to understand the basics about adhesive bonding before the work focus on adhesives in shoes. Important properties related to the adhesive joint and the common factors when choosing adhesives is also a part of this work. Second part of this work deals with material, adhesives and adhesive joints in the shoe industry. The upper part of the shoe and sole bonding process is the most critical joint in the shoe and the most common adhesives in the shoe industry is made of polyurethane and polychloroprene polymers. Some common materials used in the upper part of shoes made by NilsonGroup, and the shoe industry overall, are synthetic leather, leather and cotton. The sole is usually made of rubber or polyurethane. The result presents five different combinations of material and waterborne adhesives that may have the potential to produce a durable joint. The result shows that the properties related to waterborne and solvent-borne adhesives are equivalent. When choosing type of adhesive, the components in the adhesives and the health risk they cause, makes up the big difference. Appendix 1 presents common components in polyurethane and polychloroprene adhesives along with health risks that they may cause when exposed
Epanerchodus gangwonus Mikhaljova & Lim 2002
No full textEpanerchodus gangwonus Mikhaljova & Lim, 2002 Epanerchodus gangwonus Mikhaljova & Lim, 2002: 19 –21, 20: figs 1–8. Remarks. Originally described from Gangwon-do, South Korea (Mikhaljova & Lim, 2001), this species has since never been rediscovered. Distribution. South Korea.Published as part of M, E L E N A V., Va, I K H A L J O & Lim, Kil-Young, 2006, The millipede genus Epanerchodus Attems, 1901 in the Korean Peninsula, with a description of a new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Polydesmidae), pp. 45-53 in Zootaxa 1350 on page 48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17451
Lim colim versus colim lim. I
No full textWe study a model situation in which direct limit () and inverse
limit () do not commute, and offer some computations of their
"commutator".
The homology of a separable metrizable space has two well-known
approximants: ("\v{C}ech homology") and ("\v{C}ech homology
with compact supports"), which are not homology theories but are nevertheless
interesting as they are and applied to
homology of finite simplicial complexes. The homomorphism , which is a special case of the natural map
, need not be either injective (P. S.
Alexandrov, 1947) or surjective (E. F. Mishchenko, 1953), but its surjectivity
for locally compact remains an open problem. In the case we obtain an
affirmative solution of this problem.
For locally compact , the dual map in cohomology is
shown to be surjective and its kernel is computed, in terms of and a
new functor . The original map is surjective and
its kernel is computed when is a "coronated polyhedron", i.e. contains a
compactum whose complement is a polyhedron.Comment: 32 pages, 3 figures; v3: Updated reference
LDB1 (LIM domain binding 1)
No full textReview on LDB1 (LIM domain binding 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated
Characterization of the <i>P-t</i><sub><i>lim</i></sub> relationship.
No full text<p>Characterization of the <i>P-t</i><sub><i>lim</i></sub> relationship.</p
LASP1 (LIM and SH3 protein)
No full textReview on LASP1 (LIM and SH3 protein), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated
Four predicted LIM proteins in <i>M. oryzae</i>.
No full text<p>A. Domain structures and position of the four predicted LIM proteins in <i>M. oryzae</i>; B. Phylogenetic analysis among the LIM domain regions from different species. The identity of each <i>M. oryzae</i> LIM domain region to its homologs was analyzed by DNAMAN software and indicated in brackets. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the software MEGA4. Protein abbreviations corresponding to species names and predicted proteins (GenBank accession numbers) are: Pax1, <i>M. oryzae</i> paxillin (XP_003710649); GgPax1, <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> paxillin (EJT81269); TpPax1, <i>Thielavia terrestris</i> paxillin (XP_003652151); MtPax1, <i>Myceliophthora thermophila</i> paxillin (XP_003659433); NcPax1, <i>Neurospora crassa</i> paxillin (XP_964072); ScPax1, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Pxl1 (CAY81167); GglPax1, <i>Gallus gallus</i> paxillin (NP_990315); Lrg1, <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> Lrg1 (XP_003713492); GgLrg1, <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> Lrg1 (EJT73429); SmLrg1, <i>Sordaria macrospora</i> Lrg1 (XP_003351045); NcLrg1, <i>N. crassa</i> Lrg1 (CAE76522); MtLrg1, <i>Myceliophthora thermophila</i> Lrg1 (XP_003659561); ScLrg1, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Lrg1 (NP_010041); Rga1, <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> Rga1 (XP_003719637); GgRga1, <i>G. graminis</i> Rga1 (EJT77859); MbRga1, <i>Marssonina brunnea</i> Rga1 (EKD19800); GgcRga1, <i>Glomerella graminicola</i> Rga1 (EFQ33209); BfRga1, <i>Botryotinia fuckeliana</i> Rga1 (XP_001551485); ScRga1, <i>S. cerevisiae</i> Rga1 (CAY86414); Ldp1, <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> Ldp1 (XP_003712085); GgLdp1, <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> Ldp1 (EJT77591); NcLdp1, <i>N. crassa</i> Ldp1 (XP_960915); CtLdp1, <i>Chaetomium thermophilum</i> Ldp1 (EGS18643).</p
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