101 research outputs found
LE MASCHERE E I NEMICI DELLE APPARENZE. JEAN STAROBINSKI INTERPRETE DEL TOTALITARISMO
No full textThis paper analyses the motives and the contents of the research carried out
by Jean Starobinski in the Forties on the theme of mask and simulation. After reconstructing
the historical context and the theoretical intention of Starobinski’s essay Interrogatoire du
masque (1946, republished 2015), the author examines the definition of the mask as an
essential element of interaction between nature and culture. He then discusses the interpretation
of modern culture as a project of demystification of appearances and search for true reality
beyond the masks. Finally, the author shows that the investigation of problems of simulation
and dissimulation is linked to the desire to understand the reasons for the success of totalitarianism.
According to Starobinski, in the Twentieth century dictatorial regimes have used the
rhetoric of authenticity to credit the mythical images of a human existence and a social order
finally free of any simulation, or any artifice of appearances
Responsabilità e democrazia. Winnicott interprete del dispositvo elettorale
No full textWinnicott's "Some Thoughts on the Meaning of the Word Democracy" is a problematic, layered work, which analyzes the importance of unconscious emotional factors in the election and removal of leaders. According to Winnicott, a true democracy exists only if a certain number of individuals, thanks to the secrecy of the vote, are capable of producing a psychic field in which the public sphere is brought back to interiority, so as to produce a specific individual responsibility. Voting is considered an intermediate zone of experience, to which both internal and external life contribute. The author shows the relationship that this interpretation of the democratic electoral system has with the concept of "transitional area"
Report prepared and submitted to Office of Policy and Management and the Judiciary Committee in accordance per the requirements of section 11-4a of the Connecticut general statutes and section 23 of Public act 20-1
No full text1 online resource (1 unnumbered leaf, 11 pages)Mode of access: E-mailed file; Title devised by cataloger; Signed by Richard J. Colangelo, Jr., chief state's attorney; "December 23, 2020.
Probabilistic characterisation of an analytical fuzzy-random model for seismic fragility computation
No full textThere is a high degree of uncertainty in the assessment of seismic performance of civil structures, and in the estimate of risk and loss, insomuch that the probabilistic approach is essential. Recently, the cognitive source of uncertainty, i.e. fuzziness, has been stressed as an aspect beside randomness. Consistent with the classical time-invariant first-order second-moment reliability method, the author proposed a simple analytical model to incorporate fuzziness into the fragility computation, being capacity and demand lognormal random variables independent of each other. In the present study, such a fuzzy-random model is fully characterised in terms of probabilistic moments, distribution, and percentiles, in comparison with the classical reliability model. Above all, the fuzziness causes the fragility dispersion to decrease in most cases. Since the fuzziness makes the distribution partly continuous, the fragility percentiles can be considered. Application is presented referring to the fragility curve of seismic non-structural damage to masonry-infilled reinforced-concrete frames. Basic techniques for parameter estimation are tested. Coupled identification of the randomness and fuzziness parameters would be advisable, as opposed to independent identification. Referring to the whole frame as a series system, the fragility curve according to the proposed fuzzy-random model with coupled identification of the parameter values is lower than the curve according to the classical model. The former curve is similar to the curve according to the fuzzy-deterministic model. The proposed model appears to be suitable for practical fuzzy-random estimate of seismic fragility
Mente e affetto: riflessioni sulla teoria delle emozioni di Vygotskij • Mind and affection: reflections on Vygotskij’s emotions theory
No full textThe purpose of the article is to discuss the main thesis of Lev Semënovi Vygotsky’s
Emotions Theory, written between 1931 and 1933 and left unfinished
by the author. In his analyse of the relationship between cognitive faculty and
affections, Vigotsky propose a pattern far from the dualist reductionism which
condemn psychology to a choice between body and mind. He considers necessary
to overcome the Cartesian paradigm of the early XX century theories of
emotions, thanks to a recovery of the monistic perspective elaborated by
Spinoza. Vigotsky strives to understand the dialectic between biological and
cultural factors in the constitution of emotions to conceive them in terms of
transformation and development
On exclusive h→Vl+l− decays
No full textWe study a set of exclusive decay modes of the Standard Model Higgs boson into a vector meson and a dilepton pair: h→Vl+l−, with V=Υ,J/ψ,φ, and l=μ,τ, determining the decay rates, the dilepton mass spectra and the V longitudinal helicity fraction distributions. In the same framework, we analyze the exclusive modes into neutrino pairs View the MathML source. We also discuss the implications of the recent CMS and ATLAS results for the lepton flavor-changing process h→τ+μ− on the h→Vτ+μ− decay mode
Linguistic changes in the transition from summaries to abstracts: The case of the Journal of Experimental Medicine
No full textThe introduction of Abstracts to replace article summaries in 1990 recognized changes to linguistic reporting that have been apparent during the century. The 1970s showed a dramatic increase in the informal language used in article abstracts and summaries. The Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM) demonstrates an increase in first-person pronouns within article abstracts and summaries, but moves from singular to plural to represent the increase in multi-authored research works. Linguistic changes during the century also include a greater focus on the future rather than the past, and an increase in language that indicates ‘clout’ which signifies author self-confidence
Tracing the Evolution of Reviews and Research Articles in the Biomedical Literature: A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Abstracts
No full textWe previously examined the diachronic shifts in the narrative structure of research articles (RAs) and review manuscripts using abstract corpora from MEDLINE. This study employs Nini’s Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT) on the same datasets to explore five linguistic dimensions (D1–5) in these two sub-genres of biomedical literature, offering insights into evolving writing practices over 30 years. Analyzing a sample exceeding 1.2 million abstracts, we observe a shared reinforcement of an informational, emotionally detached tone (D1) in both RAs and reviews. Additionally, there is a gradual departure from narrative devices (D2), coupled with an increase in context-independent content (D3). Both RAs and reviews maintain low levels of overt persuasion (D4) while shifting focus from abstract content to emphasize author agency and identity. A comparison of linguistic features underlying these dimensions reveals often independent changes in RAs and reviews, with both tending to converge toward standardized stylistic norms
Mixed Pine Forests in a Hotter and Drier World: The Great Resilience to Drought of Aleppo Pine Benefits It Over Other Coexisting Pine Species
No full text© 2022 Gazol, Oliva, Valeriano, Colangelo and Camarero. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Drought is an important driver of forest dynamics in the Mediterranean region. The forecasted increase in drought frequency and severity can notably influence tree growth, forest structure, composition and productivity. Understanding how coexisting tree species respond to drought is thus crucial to understand which are less vulnerable and will perform better in a warmer and drier world. To assess drought vulnerability, we used dendrochronology to study the radial growth trends and responses to a drought index of four pine species (Pinus halepensis, Pinus pinea, Pinus nigra, and Pinus sylvestris) coexisting in North-eastern Spain. We reconstructed the growth of each species and evaluated their short- and long-term growth response to drought for the common period 1980–2017. The growth of the four pine species depended on water availability and high early spring temperatures impacted the growth of P. nigra and P. sylvestris negatively. The occurrence of a severe drought between 2005 and 2007 lead to marked growth reductions in the four species, but it was greater in magnitude in P. pinea and P. halepensis in 2005, and in P. nigra in 2007. The results of basal area increment models at the individual tree level suggested that P. halepensis trees grow more than the rest of species. After accounting for age and drought effects, P. nigra and P. sylvestris displayed negative growth trends in the 2008–2017 period while P. pinea and P. halepensis displayed positive growth trends. P. sylvestris was the most resistant species and P. pinea the less resistant. Conversely, P. halepensis and P. pinea were slightly more resilient than P. sylvestris. Moreover, P. sylvestris was the species displaying the highest autocorrelation and the lowest coefficient of variation in ring-width indices. A marked drop in the autocorrelation of P. pinea ring-width index was observed in response to the 2005 drought. These results indicate that all study species are vulnerable to drought but in different degrees. The strong resilience capacity of P. halepensis suggests that it will better thrive in a drier future, but mixed pine forests, such as the one here studied, may contract or become rare due to the strong sensitivity of P. pinea to drought and the lower post-drought performance of P. nigra and P. sylvestris.We acknowledge funding from the Barcelona Provincial Council (Diputació de Barcelona), by project RTI2018-096884-B-C31 and by FPI grant (ref. PRE2019-089800) to CV (Spanish Ministry of Science). AG and JO were also supported by the Ramon y Cajal Program of the Spanish MICINN under Grants RyC2020-030647-I and RYC-2015-17459, respectively. This research has received funding from PIE-20223AT003 of CSIC.Peer reviewe
Nella lingua dei cigni: fra Russia, Alaska e Giappone, la scrittura errante di Ōba Minako
No full textŌba Minako è considerata una pioniera della letteratura femminile della migrazione in Giappone. La sua scrittura infatti sembra nascere dalla dissoluzione e dal superamento dei confini geografico-spaziali in una sorta di “terzo spazio”, trans-culturale, immaginato, continuamente ripensato e ridiscusso. Confine, bordo, passaggio, soglia, ponte: un luogo dove, secondo la teoria della location riformulata negli anni Novanta da Caren Kaplan, le donne, acquisito lo sguardo e la coscienza dell’outsider, del migrante, arrivano a decostruire la propria stessa cultura. Il che si traduce in una molteplicità prospettica e in letture del sé e dell’altro che problematizzano radicalmente non solo – come è ovvio – i concetti di identità e autenticità, ma anche le coppie binarie margine/centro, identità/differenza, insider/outsider.
I personaggi di Ōba spesso provengono da un contesto culturale e sociale indefinito, fluido, caotico, a partire dal quale riescono a forgiare identità, personalità e nuovi sistemi di valori. Questo li rende liberi di fluttuare in un mondo sensibile a qualsiasi influenza culturale, ma non ingessato in rigide regole sociali e linguistiche. L’autrice ritorna insistentemente su questo concetto, nei suoi racconti la forma più autentica di comunicazione è, solitamente, quella che avviene in un mondo in bilico tra realtà e fantasia. Come in "Salmonberry Bay", dove le tre protagoniste, Nina, Olga e Yuri – rispettivamente due emigrate russe e una giapponese – si sentono, quando sono insieme, trasformate in tre cigni; e provano la strana sensazione di parlare parole nuove, che non riescono più a capire se umane o di cigno. E ridono. Nina ha dato alla luce tre figlie, Olga Irina e Masha, e il motivo delle ‘tre sorelle’ riecheggia lungo tutta la narrazione, quasi ossessivo. Il sapiente gioco di associazioni scivola da "Le tre sorelle" di Chechov alle ‘Three sisters’, le vette montuose che, quasi rese umane, si stagliano composte e tranquille, e nel gioco che sull’onda del movimento fra culture, tempi, luoghi decostruisce confini e certezze, l’esperienza di uno spazio altro diventa lo strumento attraverso il quale la scrittrice è in grado di medi(t)are con ironico disincanto la cultura del proprio paese d’origine, e quindi di scardinare stereotipi, pregiudizi, paradigmi.Ōba Minako is considered a pioneer of women's literature of migration in Japan. Her poetic writing seems to originate from the dissolution of geographical and spatial boundaries which results in a sort of trans-culturaland imagined "third space": a place where, according to Caren Kaplan, women succeed in deconstructing their own culture and the concepts of identity and authenticity, but also the binary pairs margin / center, identity / difference, insider / outsider .
Ōba's characters often come from a fluid cultural context with allow them to forge new identities and new value systems. The author returns insistently on this concept, and in her stories the most authentic form of communication is usually the one that takes place in a world floating between reality and fantasy. As in "Salmonberry Bay", where the three protagonists, Nina, Olga and Yuri - respectively from Russia and from Japan - feel themselves transformed into three swans speaking new words - you cannot tell whether human or swan. And they laugh. Nina gave birth to three daughters, Olga Irina and Masha, and the left-motiv of the 'three sisters' resonates throughout the narrative, almost obsessive. The never-ending shifting between cultures, times, places deconstructs borders and values, and the experience of another space becomes the instrument through which the writer is able to contemplate with ironic disenchantment her culture, and then to undermine stereotypes, prejudices, paradigms
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