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Sobre o Henry Lewis Morgan (1818-1881) e o seu traballho “Ancient Society”
Get PDFEn este presente breve ensayo, se esbozan las principales ideas de la obra “Ancient Society”, publicada en 1871, del antropólogo Henry Lewis Morgan (1818-1881). Morgan es considerado uno de los primeros antropólogos en Estados Unidos y enmarcado en la escuela del evolucionismo clásico siendo contemporáneo de otros evolucionistas como Tylor. El autor representa una figura clave en el “renacimiento” de ideas evolucionistas a partir de los años treinta del siglo XX y para influir en la inspiración de la ecología cultural, el materialismo cultural y la antropología del parentesco a partir de la mitad del siglo XX.In this present brief essay, I describe the main ideas of the work "Ancient Society", published in 1871, by the anthropologist Henry Lewis Morgan (1818-1881). Morgan is one of the first anthropologists in the United States. Henry Lewis Morgan is framed in classical evolutionism school and he is contemporary of other evolutionists like Tylor. The author represents a key figure in the "renaissance" of evolutionary ideas from the thirties of the twentieth century to be inspiration of cultural ecology, cultural materialism and the anthropology of kinship from the mid-twentieth century.Neste breve ensaio eu escrevo as principais idéias da obra "Ancient Society", publicada em 1871, pelo antropólogo Henry Lewis Morgan (1818-1881). Morgan é considerado um dos primeiros antropólogos nos Estados Unidos e enquadrado na escola do evolucionismo clássico sendo contemporâneo com outros evolucionistas como Tylor. O autor representa uma figura chave no "renascimento" das idéias evolucionárias dos anos 30 do século XX. É influencia e inspiração da ecologia cultural, do materialismo cultural e da antropología do parentesco a partir de meados do século XX
Flechas e martelos: Marx e Engels como leitores de Lewis Morgan
No full textThe dissertation “Arrows and Hammers: Marx and Engels as Readers of Lewis Morgan” is an investigation based on an immanent analysis that aims to apprehend the nexus of three works that compose the “plot” that motivated this work: the classic Ancient Society, the American Lewis Morgan, who consecrated his name as one of the most important anthropologists of the nineteenth century; the so-called Karl Marx Ethnological Notebooks, which form a set of drafts that the author developed in the final years of his life, among them, of the aforementioned work of Morgan; and Friedrich Engels's Origin of the Family, Private Property, and State, a work that he developed both from Marx's drafts and from the original work of Morgan. Marx died shortly after having drafted Morgan's work. His death would have interrupted, according to Engels, the author's plans to expose the discoveries and novelties introduced by Morgan about the earliest social forms that preceded the capitalist mode of production. Thus, the publication of The Origin by Engels would have been, according to its author, "the execution of a will". With the publication of these Marx Papers in 1972, that is, almost 100 years after the plot that articulated these three authors (between 1877 and 1884), we finally have elements to compare the specificities between the readings that Marx and Engels made of Lewis Morgan, identifying possible similarities and highlighting the visible differences. In broad strokes, this enterprise was what motivated the production of this dissertation.A dissertação “Flechas e Martelos: Marx e Engels como leitores de Lewis Morgan” é uma investigação baseada numa análise imanentes que tem como objetivo apreender os nexos de três obras que compõem a “trama” que motivou esse trabalho: a clássica Ancient Society, do americano Lewis Morgan, que consagrou seu nome como um dos mais importantes antropólogos do século XIX; os assim chamados Cadernos Etnológicos de Karl Marx, que formam um conjunto de rascunhos que esse autor desenvolveu nos anos finais da sua vida, dentre eles, da supracitada obra de Morgan; e A origem da família, da propriedade privada e do Estado, de Friedrich Engels, obra que esse autor desenvolveu tanto a partir dos rascunhos de Marx quanto cotejando a obra original de Morgan. Marx faleceu pouco tempo após ter rascunhado a obra de Morgan. Sua morte teria interrompido, segundo Engels, os planos do autor de expor as descobertas e novidades introduzidas por Morgan acerca das mais antigas formas sociais que precederam o modo de produção capitalista. Assim, a publicação de A origem por Engels teria sido, segundo seu autor, “a execução de um testamento”. Com a publicação desses Cadernos de Marx em 1972, ou seja, quase 100 anos depois da trama que articulou esses três autores (entre 1877 e 1884), finalmente temos elementos para comparar as especificidades entre as leituras que Marx e Engels fizeram de Lewis Morgan, identificando eventuais semelhanças e ressaltando as visíveis diferenças. Em grandes traços, esse empreendimento foi o que motivou a produção dessa dissertação.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio
Rapport sur le travail de M. Lewis Morgan, ayant pour titre : Systems of consanguinity and affinity of the human family,
No full textPloix . Rapport sur le travail de M. Lewis Morgan, ayant pour titre : Systems of consanguinity and affinity of the human family,. In: Bulletins de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, II° Série. Tome 10, 1875. pp. 250-274
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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