4,338 research outputs found
The resistance of cortical bone tissue to failure under cyclic loading is reduced with alendronate
No full textBisphosphonates are the most prescribed preventative treatment for osteoporosis. However, their long-term use has recently been associated with atypical fractures of cortical bone in patients who present with low-energy induced breaks of unclear pathophysiology. The effects of bisphosphonates on the mechanical properties of cortical bone have been exclusively studied under simple, monotonic, quasi-static loading. This study examined the cyclic fatigue properties of bisphosphonate-treated cortical bone at a level in which tissue damage initiates and is accumulated prior to frank fracture in low-energy situations. Physiologically relevant, dynamic, 4-point bending applied to beams (1.5 mm × 0.5 mm × 10 mm) machined from dog rib (n=12/group) demonstrated mechanical failure and micro-architectural features that were dependent on drug dose (3 groups: 0, 0.2, 1.0mg/kg/day; alendronate [ALN] for 3 years) with cortical bone tissue elastic modulus (initial cycles of loading) reduced by 21% (p<0.001) and fatigue life (number of cycles to failure) reduced in a stress-life approach by greater than 3-fold with ALN1.0 (p<0.05). While not affecting the number of osteons, ALN treatment reduced other features associated with bone remodeling, such as the size of osteons (-14%; ALN1.0: 10.5±1.8, VEH: 12.2±1.6, ×10(3) μm2; p<0.01) and the density of osteocyte lacunae (-20%; ALN1.0: 11.4±3.3, VEH: 14.3±3.6, ×10(2) #/mm2; p<0.05). Furthermore, the osteocyte lacunar density was directly proportional to initial elastic modulus when the groups were pooled (R=0.54, p<0.01). These findings suggest that the structural components normally contributing to healthy cortical bone tissue are altered by high-dose ALN treatment and contribute to reduced mechanical properties under cyclic loading conditions.NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Bone. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Bone, Volume 64 (July 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.03.045Peer reviewe
Levi-Strauss: Strukturalisme & teori sosiologi
No full textBuku ini merupakan pengantar untuk mengenal strukturalisme levi-Sctrauss yang mudah dimengerti dan karenaitu pula perlu dibaca mereka yang berminat pada wacana kritis mengenai teori-teori ilmu sosial budaya. Penempatanya dalam konteks teori-teori sosiologi akan membuat para ilmuwan sosial terutama para pakar sosiologi di Indonesia lebih tertarik untuk melihat relevansi strukturalisme Levi-Strauss bagi pemahaman masalah-masalah sosio kultural di Indonesi
Figure_1_correlation_image_1 – Supplemental material for Staff perspectives from Australian hospitals seeking to improve implementation of thrombolysis care for acute stroke
No full textSupplemental material, Figure_1_correlation_image_1 for Staff perspectives from Australian hospitals seeking to improve implementation of thrombolysis care for acute stroke by Christine Paul, Catherine D’Este, Annika Ryan, Amanda Jayakody, John Attia, Christopher Oldmeadow, Erin Kerr, Frans Henskens, Alice Grady and Christopher R Levi in SAGE Open Medicine</p
American Society of Biomechanics Journal of Biomechanics Award 2013: Cortical bone tissue mechanical quality and biological mechanisms possibly underlying atypical fractures
No full textThe biomechanics literature contains many well-understood mechanisms behind typical fracture types that have important roles in treatment planning. The recent association of "atypical" fractures with long-term use of drugs designed to prevent osteoporosis has renewed interest in the effects of agents on bone tissue-level quality. While this class of fracture was recognized prior to the introduction of the anti-resorptive bisphosphonate drugs and recently likened to stress fractures, the mechanism(s) that lead to atypical fractures have not been definitively identified. Thus, a causal relationship between these drugs and atypical fracture has not been established. Physicians, bioengineers and others interested in the biomechanics of bone are working to improve fracture-prevention diagnostics, and the design of treatments to avoid this serious side-effect in the future. This review examines the mechanisms behind the bone tissue damage that may produce the atypical fracture pattern observed increasingly with long-term bisphosphonate use. Our recent findings and those of others reviewed support that the mechanisms behind normal, healthy excavation and tunnel filling by bone remodeling units within cortical tissue strengthen mechanical integrity. The ability of cortical bone to resist the damage induced during cyclic loading may be altered by the reduced remodeling and increased tissue age resulting from long-term bisphosphonate treatment. Development of assessments for such potential fractures would restore confidence in pharmaceutical treatments that have the potential to spare millions in our aging population from the morbidity and death that often follow bone fracture.Peer reviewe
sj-docx-1-eso-10.1177_23969873231223307 – Supplemental material for Bushfire-smoke trigger hospital admissions with cerebrovascular diseases: Evidence from 2019–20 bushfire in Australia
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-eso-10.1177_23969873231223307 for Bushfire-smoke trigger hospital admissions with cerebrovascular diseases: Evidence from 2019–20 bushfire in Australia by Md Golam Hasnain, Carlos Garcia-Esperon, Yumi Kashida Tomari, Rhonda Walker, Tarunpreet Saluja, Md Mijanur Rahman, Andrew Boyle, Christopher R Levi, Ravi Naidu, Gabriel Filippelli and Neil J Spratt in European Stroke Journal</p
Detecting intestinal ischemia using near infrared spectroscopy
No full textBlood supply to the intestine can suddenly be interrupted. Acute mesenteric intestinal ischemia often requires invasive surgery to restore blood supply to the intestine. Early correction of vascular insufficiency is the most important factor in improving patient survival when confronted with acute mesenteric intestinal ischemia. A prolonged loss of blood flow results in irreversible damage to the intestine that can lead to death. It is also imperative that dead segments of the intestines be removed. Several subjective criteria are relied upon to differentiate viable from non-viable tissue, unfortunately, these criteria can lead to an inaccurate assessment. A porcine model of intestinal ischemia was used to determine the efficacy of using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to find ischemic segments of the intestine and detect the onset of reperfusion following resolution of vascular occlusion. Nine segments of intestine were identified and six were assigned to three treatment groups; (1) segments undergoing no vascular manipulations, (2) segments undergoing arterial/venous occlusion and (3) segments undergoing arterial/venous occlusion followed by reperfusion. The remaining segments were used as spacers and interposed between each of the ischemia segments. A classification model, using partial least square discriminant analysis, was built on the spectra collected from the segments with no vascular manipulations and the segments that were solely subjected to arterial/venous occlusion. The spectra collected from the intestinal segments that experienced both occlusion and reperfusion were used to test the classification model. The model was able to detect and distinguish ischemic intestinal tissue with a specificity and sensitivity exceeding 80% with an overall classification accuracy of 89%. The method appears to be well suited as an intra-operative assessment method when intestinal ischemia is a concern.Michael G. Sowa, Elicia Kohlenberg, Jeri R. Payette, Lorenzo Leonardi, Michelle A. Levasseur and Christopher B. Rile
Reader, Authors, and the Divine Author: An Evangelical Proposal for Identifying Paul\u27s OT Citations
No full textThe article discusses several approaches for the identification of Old Testament (OT) citations made by Paul. The author-centered approach of Stanley Porter allows the investigation of verbal and thematic parallelism between the Old and the New Testament, while the reader-centered approach of Christopher Stanley, Dietrich-Alex Koch and Richard Hay, considers the impact on the reader. It highlights the method of the Divine Author-centered approach which considers the context of the citation based on the book, the Bible and the canon
GLI INTELLETTUALI EBREI E IL FENOMENO DELLA SHOAH. Elaborazione concettuale e testimonianza diretta in Hannah Arendt, Jean Améry e Primo Levi.
No full textLa tesi si divide in tre capitoli. Nel primo viene analizzato l'assurgere della figura dell'ebreo a contro-modello identitario nel Terzo Reich, principalmente attraverso gli studi di storia culturale di George L. Mosse; nel secondo viene preso in esame il fenomeno dei Lager attraverso l'analisi di Hannah Arendt e le testimonianze dirette di Jean Améry e Primo Levi; nel terzo si procede ad un'analisi dei diversi rapporti di forza vigenti tra vittime ed oppressori ancora attraverso le analisi effettuate da Arendt, Améry, Levi e gli storici statunitensi Christopher R. Browning e Daniel Jonah Goldhagen
WSO884529 Supplemetal Material - Supplemental material for Comparing mismatch strategies for patients being considered for ischemic stroke tenecteplase trials
No full textSupplemental material, WSO884529 Supplemetal Material for Comparing mismatch strategies for patients being considered for ischemic stroke tenecteplase trials by Andrew Bivard, Xuya Huang, Christopher R Levi, Bruce CV Campbell, Bharath K Cheripelli, Chushuang Chen, Dheeraj Kalladka, Fiona C Moreton, Ian Ford, Stephen M Davis, Geoffrey A Donnan, Keith W Muir and Mark W Parsons in International Journal of Stroke</p
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