1,720,985 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Social Innovation: Implications of Emerging Institutionalized Constructions
No full textIn contemporary discourse the social enterprise is often described as a new and innovative phenomenon aiming to solve current challenges of the welfare state. However, ‘social innovation’ is a challenging concept in several aspects. One way to comprehend the talk on innovation is to view it as an institutionally constructed narrative, created in order for the social enterprise to gain identity and legitimacy. Using the theoretical framework of new institutionalism in organizational analysis, and critical discourse analysis, the concept of social innovation is analyzed discursively both at a policy level, and at a practitioner’s level in contemporary Scandinavian discourse. As the discourse of innovation at a practitioner’s level to a great extent reflects the social enterprise as a method to empower marginalised individuals or disadvantaged groups, the findings show that the discourse outlined at a policy level primarily talks of the enterprise as a solution to issues of structural character in society. Rather than to be empowered, the people occupying the social enterprises are here supposed to change, and to be disciplined in order to depart from social difficulties. Thus, the idea of social innovation does not only carry promises of social solutions, but also bears a risk of introducing implicit forms of governance in the work carried out by social enterprises, that are not addressed in contemporary discourses of innovation. Viewed in the light of the study outlined, the implications of today’s talk on social innovation are discussed and analyzed in a critical stance
Narratives of social enterprises: It’s construction, contradictions and implications in the Swedish debate
No full textSocial Exclusion - an Analytical Aspect of the Social Enterprise
No full textIn recent years the tendency to conceptualize disadvantaged positions in society in terms of ‘social exclusion’ has gained acceptance in political as well as theoretical discourse. In a similar matter, social enterprises are often conceptualized as initiatives aiming to combat social exclusion. While the concern with inclusion in the early Swedish social enterprises focused primarily on empowerment and rehabilitation, initiatives adopting a more pro-active attitude to labour market inclusion have emerged in recent years. Hence, specific labour market inclusion has replaced general inclusion as the principle aim within the discourse of social enterprises in Sweden. A parallel conceptual shift has been identified in the framing of the concept ‘social exclusion’ in various contemporary international studies, which also claim that attention within the concept now is directed towards deficiencies of the excluded ones, rather than at excluding processes or structural factors in society. Metaphorically, terms like ‘exclusion’ and ‘inclusion’ rely on an image of society as a bounded space with a defined centre (Koller & Davidson, 2008). By conceptualizing society in terms of individuals being either inside it or outside it, these metaphors adopt a ‘horizontal’ view of society as a contrast to the traditional ‘vertical’ view of society as hierarchical. By carefully examining the use of ‘social exclusion’ as a metaphor in a discourse analysis of the social enterprise, this paper attempts to outline the implications and the everyday dealings of a Swedish social enterprise in relations to the discursive reconstructions sketched above. The paper presents a case study of a Swedish third sector organization, trying to develop into a social enterprise. The social enterprise was initially described as an initiative to empower homeless people and to include them into society. However, attempts to implement the idea of inclusion paradoxically involved a gradual development of several exclusionary practices in regard to the participants. In addition, the interpretive repertoire utilized by the program’s initiators tended to place the responsibility for not being ‘included’ – in the everyday practice of the enterprise as well as into the labour market – on the participants themselves. In the end, the practice of the case examined had little or nothing to do with the original inclusive rhetoric utilized to describe it as a social enterprise. Analysing possible discursive reconstructions of social enterprises’ work against exclusion, as well as their implications, can make a relevant contribution to the development of a comprehensive conceptual framework able to overcome national specificities
Similarities and differences in social enterprise: Emmaus The Swedish experience: social enterprise in a welfare state
No full textEmmaus is a global social economy and social enterprise organization, which has clear origins in France with Abbe Pierre after World War 2 (Boris, 1955). Today the organization is established in every continent of the world with over 400 Emmaus communities in 37 countries. It is variously represented as a homeless organisation, a political movement and a trading entity. However, created in France in a particular context, there are some differences between the ways the movement has developed and perhaps these have been set out in a comparison of Emmaus France and Emmaus in the UK (Amintas & Murdock 2009). This paper will form part of the Emmaus panel, with the aim to explore the organizational evolution and governance of Emmaus in Sweden following the framework already generated by Amintas and Murdock (2009) and extend it to consider, compare and analyze the nature of Emmaus in the respective countries. Sweden as a northern model welfare state does not have the variations in wealth found in Southern European countries. The focus on indigenous homeless is less relevant and the Emmaus model has a greater focus on international solidarity. Similarly the economic impact focus found in the UK is potentially less applicable in the Swedish context (Lovatt et al 2003). Using a mixture of published data and case study based information gathered on Emmaus in Sweden, the paper will examine the governance and operation of Emmaus in an advanced welfare state and identify to what extent the Swedish context might be associated with a variation of the model from the original concept enunciated by Abbe Pierre in France. It will also draw on government policy and the way in which Emmaus in Sweden has operated at international, national and local levels. Further, political, economic and socio-cultural (including religious) constructs as intervening variables will be used in the comparison. The approach is to consider governance as the result of “governing” a dynamic and synthetic movement, which has to maintain organizational continuity and adaptation. Therefore, three steps for the research is proposed on the experience of “Emmaus” in a Swedish perspective: 1A genealogical perspective on the governance model: Its particular application to a social economy setting and the core value set of Emmaus 2Intervening variables - the political, economic, socio-cultural and religious national contexts 3An interpretative framework: governance, identity and legitimacy in the context of the intervening variables It is hypothesized that though the core values of Emmaus will be found in Sweden there are significant differences in evolution, organization and governance, which derive from the particular context of the Swedish welfare state. The findings will be used to compare and analyze the evolution, governance and orientation of Emmaus in five various countries of Europe (UK, Italy, Spain, France and Sweden)
Enklaven som slagfält Om stenkastning i Rosengård och den globala samtiden
No full textThe point of departure for this thesis was to study the phenomenon of increasing vandalism, specifically instances of stone throwing during the years of 2002 and 2003 in Rosengård. Located in the city of Malmö, Sweden, Rosengård has, like many other big city suburbs in Europe, turned into an ethnic enclave, inhabited mostly by under-privileged immigrants, many of which suffer from social exclusion. In order to analyze vandalism I posed the following question: given the social structure of Rosengård, how should the expression and level of vandalism be interpreted, in relation to Swedish society and the rest of the world? This question also constituted the primary aim of this thesis. Research material consisted of studies, newspaper articles, and theoretical literature. Treating descriptions of Rosengård as a discourse, I discussed the discourses of theoretical literature on vandalism and incorporated youth culture studies in immigrant suburbs. As part of the hypothesis, I presented the case for hybrid cultures developing worldwide. In this context new living conditions and the global power of contemporary media were emphasized. The situation in Rosengård was also linked to another similar area in Sweden. Here young people were able to create positive expressions, partly by identifying with other disadvantaged ethnic groups around the world
Stories With Blurred Contours Family Displays of Foster Families and Young Children in Out-of-Home Care
No full textThe aim of the study was to investigate foster parents' displays and narratives about family life as foster parents of toddlers and preschool children and how these influence the welfare and sense of family belonging for younger children in foster care. Based on qualitative interviews with 16 foster parents in 10 foster families of looked-after children aged 1–6, narratives about the children, their needs and roles in the foster family were analysed. Various kinds of narratives of the child and foster family were identified, where the child's differentness and the normative ideas of the foster family often were negotiated in ways that blurred the understanding of the children's needs. Various boundary issues affecting the foster family were also visualized. The results suggested that addressing issues of family boundary ambiguity as a difficult feature of foster care would be beneficial. Not only would this provide opportunities to strengthen the internal life and resilience of the foster family, but it would also help visualize the looked-after children's individual needs and strengthen their position as family members
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