22,874 research outputs found
Da ideia de infância em Jean-Jacques Rousseau ou do "sono da razão"
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciencias da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em EducaçãoOs pensamentos expostos no século XVIII pelo genebrino Jean-Jacques Rousseau influenciaram de maneira decisiva a forma como o Ocidente passou a perceber a infância. Este autor provocou uma verdadeira divisão de águas ao publicar Emílio ou Da Educação (1762). Com este feito, mais que balançar os alicerces educacionais da época, ele delega à criança um lugar no mundo. A infância passa a ter um valor em si mesma, e a ser vista como etapa fundamental na constituição humana. Ao destacar este período da vida, além de romper definitivamente com o que vigorava em seu tempo, no qual a criança era tida como um erro passageiro - um infante (aquele que não fala); um "adulto em miniatura"; ou mero objeto de paparicação e prazer - Jean-Jacques cria uma ótica inovadora de conceber a criança. Dizia que: "A natureza quer que as crianças sejam crianças antes de serem homens." Ao elaborar um conceito de infância, Rousseau afirma que "a infância é o sono da razão". O que nos surpreende devido este autor ter vivido em pleno "Século das Luzes", justamente quando a razão era evocada como o guia seguro para o pensamento e para ação em todas as idades. Ao contrário do que possa parecer, Rousseau não desmerece o período infantil, associando-o à escuridão ou a inferioridade primeira da humanidade. Ele é considerado o "inventor da infância". Retomar pensamentos que versam sobre essas ideias rousseaunianas, inaugurais da concepção moderna de Infância, por meio de pesquisa teórica, é o objetivo traçado aqui, com intuito de avançar nas compreensões estabelecidas em torno das contribuições de Jean-Jacques Rousseau para temática em exame.The thoughts exposed in the eighteenth century by the genevan, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, influenced in a decisive way the West has to realize his childhood. This author has caused a real division of the waters or publish Emile, or On Education (1762). With this done more than shake the foundations of educational time, it leaves the child a place in the world. The child is given a value in itself, and be seen as key step in the human constitution. By highlighting this period of life, and the final break with that which prevailed in his time, in which the child was seen as a mistake passenger - an infant (who does not speak), a "miniature adult" or mere object of pampering and pleasure - Jean-Jacques creates a new perspective to conceive a child. He said: "Nature wants children to be children before being men." In developing a concept of childhood, Rousseau says that "childhood is the sleep of reason". What surprises us because this author has lived in the middle of "Age of Enlightenment", just when the reason was mentioned as the sure guide for thought and action in all ages. Contrary to what may seem, Rousseau does not diminish the infantile period, associating him to the darkness or the inferiority of humanity first. He is considered the "inventor of childhood." Resume thoughts that talk about these ideas Rousseau, the inaugural modern conception of childhood, through theoretical research, stroke is the goal here, with the aim to advance the understandings established around the contributions of Jean-Jacques Rousseau to thematic examination
First synthesis of 3-O-methyl-scyllo-inosamine, a natural product which favors the rhizobium-leguminosae symbiosis
No full textAlain Krief, Willy Dumont, Denis Billen, Jean-Jacques Letesson, Pascal Lestrate, Peter J Murphy, Damien Lacroi
The Brucella pathogens are polarized bacteria
No full textBrucella pathogens are responsible for brucellosis, a worldwide zoonosis. They are facultative intracellular pathogens characterized by their asymmetric division and their unipolar growth. This growth modality generates poles with specialized functions (through polar recruitment of polar adhesins or of cell cycle regulators) and progeny cells with potentially different fates.Fil: Van der Henst, Charles. Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; SuizaFil: de Barsy, Marie. Universite de Lausanne; SuizaFil: Zorreguieta, Angeles. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Letesson, Jean-Jacques. University of Namur; BélgicaFil: De Bolle, Xavier. University of Namur; Bélgic
Touching Freud's dog: H.D.'s tactile poetics
No full text"Do not touch me", Frau Emmy warns Freud in 1889. "Do not touch", Freud echoes in 1933. This time, he is referring to his pet chow, Yofi, warning H.D. that "she snaps - she is very difficult with strangers". Examining the prohibition in light of work by Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Nancy, this article charts the withdrawal that always interrupts touch. Despite Freud's taboo, however, H.D.'s writing seeks to make contact in strange and unnerving ways. Developing Julia Kristeva's account of the semiotic, this paper proposes a literature of touch. Reading H.D.'s poems, alongside Tribute to Freud, and her letters, the author demonstrates that H.D.'s poetics are always haunted by the very (im)possibility of contact
Jean Jacques Rousseau anthropodicy
No full textMaģistra darbs “Žana Žaka Ruso antropodiceja” pievēršas franču 18. gadsimta apgaismības autora (1712 – 1778) personībai un idejām. Darba mērķis ir iepazīties ar autora piedāvāto skatījumu par cilvēka un sabiedrības savstarpējo mijiedarbību, to funkcionēšanu, pastāvēšanu un gūt priekšstatu par autora novērtējumu šajā jautājumā. Darbs sastāv no četrām daļām: biogrāfiska apraksta Ž.Ž. Ruso ideju rašanās laikā un vispārīga ieskata par autoru, viņa novērtējums un cilvēka dabas raksturojums dažādos aspektos, autora divu piedāvāto jēdzienu skaidrošana un to savstarpējā pastāvēšana attiecībā uz cilvēka un sabiedrības veidošanos, kā arī ieskats viņa skatījumā par reliģiju un tās nozīmi attiecībā uz cilvēka dabu. Darba gaitā ir mēģinājums noskaidrot Ž.Ž. Ruso skatījumu uz indivīda un sabiedrības savstarpējās mijiedarbības problemātiku brīdī, kad no šādas savienības attīstās ļaunums. Vispirms cenšoties izskaidrot Ruso argumentu par cilvēka dabisko labumu parādīt, kā sabiedrība to sagrauj. Darba gaitā tika noskaidrots, ka Ž. Ž. Ruso ļaunuma cēlonis ir meklējams cilvēka evolūcijas gaitā. Laikā, kad dzīvi dabas stāvoklī nomaina dzīve civilizētā stāvoklī, šajā laikā attīstās vairāki aspekti, kuri rada negatīvu augsni ļaunuma attīstībai. Darbā tiek izvirzīta tēze, ka Ž.Ž. Ruso antropodicejā ļaunuma sakne nav meklējama cilvēka dabā, bet gan saskarsmē ar sabiedrību, taču tā nevar sabojāt cilvēku pret paša gribu, jo viņam/viņai vienmēr ir iespējams izvēlēties ļauno vai labo.Master thesis “Jean Jacques Rousseau anthropodicy” explores personality and ideas of 18th century French enlightenment author Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778). The goal of this thesis is to analyze views of the Jean Jacques Rousseau regarding interaction of human and society, its functioning, existence and to get an idea of authors evaluation about it. Master thesis consists of four parts: general description and overview of biography of Jean Jacques Rousseau, his evaluation and definition of human nature in various aspects, his explanation of two concepts provided by himself, and review of his opinion about religion and its impact on human nature. Author in master thesis tries to determine view of Jean Jacques Rousseau about problem of interaction of the individual and society in the moment when the evil is created out of this interaction. At first the explanation of arguments about the human natural evil is given. Then thesis shows that cause of the evil can be found during the evolution of people – in the moment, when life in natural state is changed by the life in the civilized state, multiple aspects are developed, which in turn gives opportunity to develop evil. Author has defined main thesis – in anthropodicy of Jean Jacques Rousseau cause of all evil can’t be found in human nature, but instead in contact with society, although it can’t damage human against its will, because he or she can always choose between good and evil
Mutations of the quorum sensing-dependent regulator VjbR lead to drastic surface modifications in Brucella melitensis.
No full textSuccessful establishment of infection by bacterial pathogens requires fine-tuning of virulence-related genes. Quorum sensing (QS) is a global regulation process based on the synthesis of, detection of, and response to small diffusible molecules, called N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL), in gram-negative bacteria. In numerous species, QS has been shown to regulate genes involved in the establishment of pathogenic interactions with the host. Brucella melitensis produces N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactones (C(12)-HSL), which down regulate the expression of flagellar genes and of the virB operon (encoding a type IV secretion system), both of which encode surface virulence factors. A QS-related regulator, called VjbR, was identified as a transcriptional activator of these genes. We hypothesized that VjbR mediates the C(12)-HSL effects described above. vjbR alleles mutated in the region coding for the AHL binding domain were constructed to test this hypothesis. These alleles expressed in trans in a DeltavjbR background behave as constitutive regulators both in vitro and in a cellular model of infection. Interestingly, the resulting B. melitensis strains, unable to respond to AHLs, aggregate spontaneously in liquid culture. Preliminary characterization of these strains showed altered expression of some outer membrane proteins and overproduction of a matrix-forming exopolysaccharide, suggesting for the first time that B. melitensis could form biofilms. Together, these results indicate that QS through VjbR is a major regulatory system of important cell surface structures of Brucella and as such plays a key role in host-pathogen interactions.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Jean-Jacques Rifaud à Genève
No full textJean-Jacques Rifaud (1786-1852) is known for its pionnering discoveries and for a few publications fairly clumsy. He also left some important archives, of which a few thousand new pages have recently been added to the inventory of the Bibliothèque de Genève. In addition to Egypt, these documents also concern V enice, Belgium, Holland and Switzerland. After a brief presentation of the Egyptian archives, this article focuses on his descriptions of Geneva, highlighting the author\u27s bipolar personality, his pretensions, and the lack of originality of his observations.Jean-Jacques Rifaud (1786-1852) est connu par ses découvertes pionnières et par quelques publications assez maladroites. Il laisse également d’importantes archives, dont quelques milliers de feuillets nouveaux ont été récemment portés à l’inventaire de la Bibliothèque de Genève. Outre l’Égypte, ces documents concernent aussi Venise, la Belgique, la Hollande et la Suisse. Après une présentation rapide du contenu des archives égyptiennes, cet article s’attarde plus particulièrement sur ses descriptions de Genève, mettant en exergue la personnalité bipolaire de l’auteur, ses prétentions, ainsi que le manque d’originalité de ses observations
Derrida and postmodernity: At the end(s) of history
No full textThis thesis erects and defends the proposition that Jacques Derrida's readings of 'metaphysics in deconstruction' and his raising to theoretical consciousness of the 'differential matrix', have the capacity to inaugurate a 'brave new world' in this postmodern 'age of the aporia'. Beginning with an examination of Derrida's readings of Husserl and Saussure, it is argued that the radical historicity uncovered here qua an originary synthesis of language, time and the other, opens the possibility for greatly more democratising and emancipating self-creations and human solidarities to be thought. In terms of 'self-creations', and borrowing from the work of Elizabeth Deeds Errnarth, Chapter Two follows Derrida as modernity's sovereign subject and its 'History' are dis-placed by an absolutely affirmative postmodern subjectivity whose axiom might be 'I inherit, therefore, I am ... yes, yes ... ' Construed through his deconstructive reading of Kant, Derrida shows the way in which this postmodern subjectivity without alibi, makes of us all (like it or not, know it or not) resistance fighters, so many singularities existing in constant tension with all normalising/totalising tendencies (social, economic, techno-scientific, political, legal etc ... ) which profess to know the secret. Turning to co-extensive 'human solidarities', Chapter Three subsequently demonstrates the way in which Derrida's call for a 'New International', orientated through a 'new figure of Europe', enables us to imagine new polysemic communities (local, national, international) founded on the 'aporia of the demos', a 'foundation' that construes its hyper-relativity as a positive (ethico-political) condition of decision in terms of a radical responsibility (on an individual and communal level) for the moral/aesthetic decisions we make. It is thus that I will argue that Derrida's vision for a 'new world order' is born out of an aporetic condition which is both a risk and a chance of both the best - and the worst - happening; as someone who shares Derrida's desire for a fairer, freer, more peaceful world, one respectful of difference and otherness, I believe this to be a 'poker like gamble' well worth taking. Chapter Four offers a comparative analysis between the work of Jacques Derrida and Jean Baudrillard, two theorists counter-signing differently many of the 'same' discourses/ traditions/cultures/languages, etc ... to which they are both heirs. The chapter examines their respective 'quasi-philosophies of the limit', together with their differing conceptions of the issues surrounding globalisation and universalisation, as well as Baudrillard' s elevation of America (as opposed to Europe) as the exemplary site of resistance against the dangers of totalisation in 'postmodem' societies. The central argument here, in line with my previous remarks, is that Derrida's thought arguably remains 'the best' way to navigate the postmodem condition and the challenges it produces. The originality of this thesis lies in two main areas, the first having to do with my presentation and conception of Derrida's oeuvre and the second having to do with the comparisons made in this study between Derrida and Ermarth and Derrida and Baudrillard. In terms of the former, I offer what I consider to be a unique, sustained, in-depth analysis of the 'development' (on a theoretical and practical level) of the thematics of 'radical historicity' and of 'post-historical man' - effectively the development of Derrida's quasi-philosophy of history- from his earliest works so that they can be seen to inform his later intervention(s) in what are conventionally understood as ethical and political matters; transforming this understanding in the process and, after the end of history's ends (upper case, lower case and the totalising 'history of meaning' per se), quite literally and radically changing the way we see what we call 'the world'. For while in the conventional literature Derrida's politics come late, I argue here that his indeed later political work is but an emphasis of constant political thematics acting as a leitmotif from beginning to end. Turning to the latter, in terms of the comparisons I make - first between Derrida and Ermarth in Chapter Two and more especially between Derrida and Baudrillard in Chapter Four - the claim to originality lies in the fact that there is no comparison of any note or depth in the literature between these thinkers; nothing that compares Derrida's 'affirmative postmodem subjectivity' and its 'inheritance' with Ermarth's 'rhythmic time' and 'muIti-level consciousness', and nothing comparing Derrida's corpus - specifically his optimistic emancipating and democratizing hopes for the future - with Baudrillard's more pessimistic conceptualization of 'simulation society' and the loss of our European universal values under the hegemonic, globalising movement of the 'American model'. The aim of these two comparisons is to support my claim that Derrida's historico-political position is the 'best' way of essaying the quasi-ground of an in(different) politics in such a way that it keeps the future open to what he calls a 'better world' to come, a world without ends
Jacques Wallet et les images, de l’analogique au numérique.
No full textInternational audienceJacques Wallet and images, from analog to digital.A pivotal period in the work of Jacques Wallet, teacher trainer, researcher, author of image documents, filmmaker: the transition from analog to digital.Conference put online*: https://webtv.univ-rouen.fr/videos/jean-pierrechevalier-univ-cy-jacques-wallet-et-les-images-de-lanalogique-au-numerique/Jacques Wallet et les images, de l'analogique au numérique. Une période charnière dans l'oeuvre de Jacques Wallet, formateur d'enseignants, chercheur, auteur de documents imagés, réalisateur de films : le passage de l'analogique au numérique.Conférence mise en ligne : https://webtv.univ-rouen.fr/videos/jean-pierrechevalier-univ-cy-jacques-wallet-et-les-images-de-lanalogique-au-numerique
Jacques Wallet et les images, de l’analogique au numérique.
No full textInternational audienceJacques Wallet and images, from analog to digital.A pivotal period in the work of Jacques Wallet, teacher trainer, researcher, author of image documents, filmmaker: the transition from analog to digital.Conference put online*: https://webtv.univ-rouen.fr/videos/jean-pierrechevalier-univ-cy-jacques-wallet-et-les-images-de-lanalogique-au-numerique/Jacques Wallet et les images, de l'analogique au numérique. Une période charnière dans l'oeuvre de Jacques Wallet, formateur d'enseignants, chercheur, auteur de documents imagés, réalisateur de films : le passage de l'analogique au numérique.Conférence mise en ligne : https://webtv.univ-rouen.fr/videos/jean-pierrechevalier-univ-cy-jacques-wallet-et-les-images-de-lanalogique-au-numerique
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