1,721,132 research outputs found
Policy options for including LULUCF in the EU reduction commitment and policy instruments for increasing GHG mitigation efforts in the LULUCF and agriculture sectors
No full textLand use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) is an inventory sector defined by the Intergovern-mental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that covers anthropogenic emissions and removals of GHGs resulting from changes in terrestrial carbon stocks. The EU has committed unilaterally to reduce its overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 20 % be-low 1990 levels by 2020, and to 30 % below 1990 levels if conditions are right
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Identification of vulnerable areas for gully erosion under different scenarios of land abandonment in Southeast Spain
No full textAbandonment of agricultural land is the result of interacting processes of global change and human behaviour. Due to changing European policies, urbanisation, desertification and climate change land abandonment has become one of the main changes in land use in Mediterranean countries. The consequences of land abandonment depend on environmental, agricultural and socio-economic contextual factors, but generally have an undesirable environmental effect. One of these consequences is land degradation and gully erosion in specific. In semi-arid areas gully erosion increases after land abandonment because runoff concentration occurs much quicker due to the very slow vegetation cover recovery, crust formation and reduced surface storage capacity, as well as the lacking land management. To mitigate runoff and erosion from abandoned land, it is necessary to identify locations where water concentrates, and that are vulnerable to erosion as result of land abandonment. The objective of this study was to identify the vulnerable areas for gully erosion in relation to land abandonment. This research is part of the RECONDES project, which focuses on the mitigation of desertification processes by means of innovative techniques using vegetation in specific landscape configurations prone to severe degradation processes. The study area was the Carcavo basin, a semi-arid catchment in Southeast Spain. The spatial dynamics of land abandonment were simulated with the spatially-explicit land use change model CLUE-s. Four different land use change scenarios were derived from the MedAction scenarios for the period 2004 to 2015. The results of the simulations were used to identify vulnerable areas for gully erosion by a GIS-model based on the controlling factors of gully erosion, which are topography, land use and soil type. The potentially vulnerable areas for gully erosion increased for the different scenarios ranging from 18 ha to 176 ha. Most of the vulnerable areas are located around channel heads or along channel walls, which are critical positions at the transition of the hillslope to the channel. This means that when a gully becomes active the connectivity of runoff and sediment in the landscape increases considerably. The combination of more gully erosion on abandoned fields and an expected increase of land abandonment is potentially a big problem in relation to land degradation, flash flood generation and reservoir sedimentation. However, identification of vulnerable areas enables soil and water conservationists and engineers to mitigate runoff concentration and gully erosion by applying preventive sustainable conservation practices
Multi-scale interactions between soil, vegetation and erosion in the context of agricultural land abandonment in a semi-arid environment
Full text linkDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Multi-scale interactions between soil, vegetation and erosion in the context of agricultural land abandonment in a semi-arid environment
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