1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Functional analysis of tropomyosin of parasitic nematodes
Full text linkParasitische Würmer gehören mit über 3,5 Milliarden Betroffenen zu den weltweit verbreitetesten Infektionskrankheiten. Der Erfolg dieser Parasiten beruht auf ihren ausgefeilten Mechanismen mit denen sie das Immunsystem ihrer Wirte manipulieren. Interessanter Weise gehen Wurminfektionen mit einer geringeren Wahrscheinlichkeit an Allergien zu erkranken einher. Wie genau die Parasiten das Immunsystem manipulieren ist weitgehend unbekannt. Um diese Mechanismen besser studieren zu können, wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit versucht RNA interference (RNAi), anhand des Modellmoleküls Tropomyosin zu etablieren. Wie sich am Beispiel des Strongyliden Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri zeigte, ist RNAi als Manipulationsmethode für Nematoden nicht oder nur in geringem Maße geeignet. Dies lässt sich auf das Fehlen von Aufnahme- und Verbreitungsmechanismen für Doppelstrang-RNA zurückführen. Desweiteren wurden die Auswirkungen von rekombinantem Tropomyosin der Filarie Acanthocheilonema viteae (rAv-TMY) auf die Entstehung allergischer Atemwegserkrankungen im Mausmodell untersucht. Eine viermalige Behandlung mit rAv-TMY in einem Zeitraum von vier Wochen führte zu verringerten entzündlichen Reaktionen in den Atemwegen. Die Analyse immunologischer Parameter ergab, dass rAv-TMY signifikant den Einstrom von Entzündungszellen in die Atemwege reduziert, allem voran den Einstrom von Eosinophilen. Dies lässt sich durch die verringerte Ausschüttung an IL-5, Eotaxin und MCP-5 zurückführen. Zudem wurde die Bildung von antigenspezifischen IgE verringert während sich die Produktion blockierender IgG1 Antikörper erhöhte. Diese Arbeit belegt somit die anti-allergischen Eigenschaften von rAv-TMY. Damit stellt rAv-TMY ein interessantes Kandidatenmolekül zur Behandlung allergischer Reaktionen dar. Desweiteren kann der Vergleich von allergenem, nicht allergenem und modulatorischem Tropomyosin wichtige Informationen über die allgemeinen Eigenschaften von Allergenen und ihrer molekularen Struktur geben.Parasitic worms are among the world''s most prevalent infectious diseases with more than 3.5 billion. The success of these parasites is based on their sophisticated ways to manipulate the immune system of their hosts. Interestingly, worm infections abate the risk to develop allergic disorders. How exactly parasitic worms modulate the immune system is so far largely unknown. In order to be able to investigate parasite induced modulation, this work aimed to establish RNA interference (RNAi), a method of genetic manipulation, using tropomyosin as target gene. As shown for the example of Heligmosomoides polygyrus RNAi is not or only to a small extent useful as method to genetically manipulate nematodes. This can be explained with the lack of uptake and spreading mechanisms for double stranded RNA. Furthermore, this work examined the impact of the recombinant muscle protein tropomyosin of Acanthocheilonema viteae (rAv-TMY) on the course of a rodent model of allergic airway inflammation. A four-time treatment with rAv-TMY over a period of four weeks resulted in decreased inflammatory responses in the airways. The analysis of immunological parameters showed that rAv-TMY significantly reduces the influx of inflammatory cells into the airways, especially eosinophils. The reduced eosinophil influx can be attributed to the decreased expression of IL-5, eotaxin and MCP-5 in the airways. In addition, the formation of antigen-specific IgE was impaired whereas the production of the blocking antibody IgG1 was increased. These results demonstrate the anti-allergic properties of rAv-TMY. For this reason rAv-TMY becomes an interesting model molecule for the treatment of allergic diseases. Furthermore, the comparison of allergenic, non-allergenic and modulatory tropomyosin might put some light on the nature of allergens and their molecular patterns
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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