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Ancient scholarship on Aristophanes
Get PDFThis chapter examines ancient Greek scholarship on Aristophanes. It surveys the primary authors and categories of such scholarship, including Aristotle, the scholia, the Atticists, and other late antique and Byzantine encyclopedists and grammarians. After an extensive historical sketch of the relevant material, it presents a synchronic analysis of prominent themes and topics in pre-modern comic scholarship
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Knights: Political Satire
No full textEleven of Aristophanes’ comedies survive intact. The Companion to Aristophanes features one chapter focused on each play and pairs it with an issue or theme in Aristophanes’ plays that is exemplified by that comedy. This chapter examines Aristophanes’ Knights , in which a Sausage Seller competes with a comic version of the politician Cleon for dominance in the city of Athens, here represented as the household of the old man “Demos” (The People). The chapter pairs a reading of the play itself with a survey of the theme of political satire and ad hominem invective across Aristophanes’ comedies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Aesop\u27s pen: Adaptation, authorship, and satire in the Aesopic tradition
No full textAesop is a peculiar authorial figure: Although no birthplace, fable, event, or anecdote can be securely attached to him, and although nothing can be said to have been written by him, many authors have composed fables and labeled them Aesop\u27s. This thesis investigates fables and anecdotes ascribed to Aesop during the period before our earliest surviving collections of Aesop\u27s fables. Too often, ancient authors have been seen as simply quoting from a fixed a collection of fables; but in fact we have no access to any such collection before the second-century C.E. Thus, in the case of authors such as Aristophanes, Callimachus, and Phaedrus, all of whom ascribe fables to Aesop, we encounter a fable tradition in which the retellings predate the putatively original versions by many centuries. This thesis develops a new perspective on the Aesopic fables and anecdotes found throughout ancient poetry by turning away from the notion of original versions and instead asking how any given adaptation engages with other representations of fable-telling and considering what the figure of Aesop may have stood for as a cultural hero and literary model. The Introduction treats briefly the main approaches scholars have taken in the past to the Aesopic fable, and stresses the importance of developing an approach that does not depend on fidelity criticism, i.e. evaluations of adaptations based on similarities and differences in comparison with putatively original versions. Aristophanes (Chapter Two), Callimachus (Chapter Three), and Phaedrus (Chapter Four) have different modes of alluding to Aesopica, but each author approaches the tradition with an awareness that new fables can be invented in the style of Aesop and that such newly-coined fables can even be ascribed to Aesop. Cumulatively, these chapters demonstrate that representations of fable-telling in ancient poetry are not merely quotations (or misquotations) of fixed collections. Rather, analysis of the expectations, intentions, and of the various conventional features of the situations in which fables are told allows us to describe a kind of poetics of Aesopic fable-telling that provides a more complete picture of the use of fables in ancient poetry than source-criticism alone
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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