1,721,009 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Le contrôle de l'information dans les systèmes probabilistes
Full text linkThe control of the information given by a system has recently seen increasing importance due to the omnipresence of communicating systems, the need for privacy, etc. This control can be used in order to disclose an information of the system, or, oppositely, to hide one. Diagnosis for instance tries to determine from the observation produced by the system whether a fault occurred within it or not. In this PhD, we study the diagnosis of stochastic systems through a model-based approach. The goal is to establish the decidability and optimal complexity of the decision problems and to build the adequate diagnosers. We consider these problems in multiple frameworks (finite/infinite, passive/active).Le contrôle de l'information émise par un système a vu son utilité grandir avec la multiplication des systèmes communicants. Ce contrôle peut être réalisé par exemple pour révéler une information du système, ou au contraire pour en dissimuler une. Le diagnostic notamment cherche à déterminer, grâce à l'observation du système, si une faute a eu lieu au sein de celui-ci. Dans cet document, nous établissons des bases formelles à l'analyse des problèmes du diagnostic pour des modèles stochastiques. Nous étudions ensuite ces problèmes dans plusieurs cadres (fini/infini, passif/actif)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Approximate Diagnosis and Opacity of Stochastic Systems
No full textWe consider information control questions in a stochastic setting where an observation function provides to an external observer a view of the states along paths and relevant paths are those visiting some state from a fixed subset. Exact disclosure occurs when the observer can deduce from a finite observation that the path is relevant, the approximate disclosure variant corresponding to the execution being identified as relevant with arbitrarily high accuracy. We consider the problems of diagnosability and opacity, which corresponds, in spirit, to the cases where one wants to disclose all the information or hide as much of it as possible. While these problems have already been studied for the exact disclosure notion, there are very few works using the approximate disclosure. We establish that opacity of Markov chains is in EXPTIME and PSPACE-hard while nearly every opacity question is undecidable in an active setting. Moreover, we show that diagnosability is EXPTIME-complete for controllable systems
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