1,721,269 research outputs found
Supporting Information: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Amikacin and Colistin in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections Using a Portable Plasmonic Biosensor
No full textDetailed reagents, experimental protocols for conjugates preparation, surface biofunctionalization, and data analysis; impact of different assay conditions on analytical performance; effect of serum on assay performance; complementary data on real sample analysis and clinical validationInnovative diagnostic tools that enhance antibiotic routine monitoring can improve the management of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) involves measuring drug levels in the patient bloodstream to ensure optimal efficacy and safety, particularly for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index (TI), assisting in dosage control and toxicity risk management. Amikacin (AK) and colistin (CS) are crucial antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria but they have side effects that require a precise TDM to try to minimize them. Current analytical techniques like immunoassays, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are gold standards for the antibiotic analysis, but they may require transferring the human samples to centralized facilities, delaying crucial results and turnaround time. In contrast, plasmonic biosensors offer advantages for clinical diagnostics, enabling real-time drug detection with minimal sample volume and processing, being ideal for point-of-care applications. We have implemented plasmonic biosensors to quantify and rapidly monitor blood levels of amikacin and colistin. The biosensors provide high specificity and sensitivity, with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.92 ng/mL (1.57 nM) for amikacin and 9.11 pg/mL (7.88 pM) for colistin in blood serum. Statistics analyses demonstrated a strong correlation between the biosensor evaluation and the standard analytical methods (Spearman’s correlation coefficient of 0.9171 (p-value < 0.001) and 0.7435 (p-value = 0.04) for amikacin and colistin, respectively). Our plasmonic biosensors offer in addition, simplicity, portability, and label-free evaluation, with multiplexed capabilities. The rapid turnaround of results in under 20 min, coupled with minimal sample processing, enhances the feasibility of personalized TDM, supporting tailored treatment strategies that can improve patient outcomes. This work lays the foundation for creating an integrated point-of-care biosensor platform for effectively performing TDM of antibiotics and other drugs in real-time at the patient’s bedside in clinical settings.Peer reviewe
Plasmonic Biosensors for Single-Molecule Biomedical Analysis
Full text linkThe rapid spread of epidemic diseases (i.e., coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)) has contributed to focus global attention on the diagnosis of medical conditions by ultrasensitive detection methods. To overcome this challenge, increasing efforts have been driven towards the development of single-molecule analytical platforms. In this context, recent progress in plasmonic biosensing has enabled the design of novel detection strategies capable of targeting individual molecules while evaluating their binding affinity and biological interactions. This review compiles the latest advances in plasmonic technologies for monitoring clinically relevant biomarkers at the single-molecule level. Functional applications are discussed according to plasmonic sensing modes based on either nanoapertures or nanoparticle approaches. A special focus was devoted to new analytical developments involving a wide variety of analytes (e.g., proteins, living cells, nucleic acids and viruses). The utility of plasmonic-based single-molecule analysis for personalized medicine, considering technological limitations and future prospects, is also overviewedPeer reviewe
Integration of Metal–Organic Polyhedra onto a Nanophotonic Sensor for Real-Time Detection of Nitrogenous Organic Pollutants in Water
No full textThe grave health
and environmental consequences of water
pollution
demand new tools, including new sensing technologies, for the immediate
detection of contaminants in situ. Herein, we report the integration
of metal–organic cages or polyhedra (MOCs/MOPs) within a nanophotonic
sensor for the rapid, direct, and real-time detection of small (<500
Da) pollutant molecules in water. The sensor, a bimodal waveguide
silicon interferometer incorporating Rh(II)-based MOPs as specific
chemical receptors, does not require sample pretreatment and enables
minimal expenditure of time and reagents. We validated our sensor
for the detection of two common pollutants: the industrial corrosion
inhibitor 1,2,3-benzotriazole (BTA) and the systemic insecticide imidacloprid
(IMD). The sensor offers a fast time-to-result response (15 min),
high sensitivity, and high accuracy. The limit of detection (LOD)
in tap water for BTA is 0.068 μg/mL and for IMD, 0.107 μg/mL,
both of which are below the corresponding toxicity thresholds defined
by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). By combining innovative chemical
molecular receptors such as MOPs with state-of-the-art photonic sensing
technologies, our research opens the path to implement competitive
sensor devices for in situ environmental monitoring
Design of subwavelength grating-based bimodal waveguide interferometric sensor in visible range for enhancing diagnostics sensitivity
No full textThe demand for point-of-care biosensors capable of rapid, accurate, and specific detection has grown significantly, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Silicon photonics-based biosensors, based on evanescent wave sensing, have positioned as competitive candidates to meet these needs due to their high index contrast, compact size, high sensitivity and specificity, CMOS compatibility, and low cost. Among various configurations, the bimodal waveguide (BiMW) interferometer stands out for its high sensitivity and compact footprint. Meanwhile, subwavelength grating (SWG) waveguides offer enhanced sensitivity by providing a larger active sensing area compared to conventional waveguides. In this work, we propose integrating SWG waveguides with BiMW interferometers, using silicon nitride (Si3N4) as the guiding material in the visible wavelength range to improve sensing performance through enhanced sensitivity and compactness. Si3N4 offers advantages such as low scattering losses and chemical stability in biological environments, while operation in visible range increases compatibility with biological assays, making this approach novel. We present a comprehensive device design, optimization, and analysis of the SWG-based BiMW interferometer for refractive index sensing applications. Three-dimensional full vectorial simulations were conducted using the finite element method in COMSOL Multiphysics for the device design and optimizations. The proposed device demonstrates notable improvements in sensing performance, with an intrinsic bulk sensitivity of 0.1479 RIU/RIU, intrinsic surface sensitivity of 2.41 × 10−4 RIU nm−1, and a theoretical phase sensitivity of 1318 rad RIU−1 mm−1, all achieved within a compact footprint.We acknowledge the financial support received for the TRYPLEX project (PDC2023-145891-I00), funded by MCIN/AEI/PERTE CHIP and the European Union NextGenerationEU, as well as from the PROMETEO Program (CIPROM/2022/14) from the Generalitat Valenciana. The ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa Centres of Excellence program, grant CEX2021-001214-S, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039.501100011033. The nanoB2A is a consolidated research group (‘Grup de Recerca’) of the Generalitat de Catalunya and are supported by the Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya (No. 2021 SGR 00456).With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excelence" accreditation (CEX2021-001214-S)Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Optical biosensors
No full text39 páginas, 19 figuras.The author would like to express her gratitude for the continued support on biosensors research by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and the European Union.Peer reviewe
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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