1,720,961 research outputs found
Épidémiologie et pathologie des dermatopathies chez les bélugas (Delphinapterus leucas) de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent
Get PDFLes objectifs de cette étude étaient 1) de classifier les anomalies cutanées chez les bélugas de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent (ESL) selon leur aspect macroscopique et 2) d’estimer la fréquence et d'explorer les causes possibles des catégories de lésions cutanées (CLC) au sein de cette population. La présence de 18 CLC fut recherchée sur 26 020 photographies prises de 2003 à 2014, représentant un échantillon aléatoire de 5 388 observations de béluga. Au moins une CLC était visible lors de la moitié des observations de nouveau-nés. Au moins une CLC était visible dans >90% des observations de bélugas gris et de bélugas blancs; deux à trois CLC étaient visibles dans >50%. Lors des observations de gris et de blancs, les « marques en dents de râteau » étaient la CLC la plus fréquemment observée, tandis qu’il s’agissait des « fissures linéaires uniques » lors des observations de nouveau-nés. Des phénomènes de mue saisonnière et post-natale furent suspectés chez les bélugas de l’ESL. Les lésions cutanées provenant de 111 carcasses échouées furent analysées microscopiquement. Mis à part la présence de corps étrangers dans certains cas de « dépressions en pointillé » ainsi qu'un gamma-herpèsvirus révélé par PCR au sein d’une plaie, la cause et la signification pour la santé de l’animal de la plupart des lésions cutanées reste incertaine. Cette étude est la première s’intéressant aux lésions cutanées chez les bélugas de l’ESL; elle fournit des données de référence pour l’utilisation des anomalies cutanées dans le suivi de la santé de la population.The objectives of this study were 1) to establish a classification system of skin lesions in belugas from the St. Lawrence Estuary based on macroscopic appearance, and 2) to estimate the frequency and causes of skin lesions categories (SLC) in this population. The presence of 18 SLC was assessed using 26,020 photographs, representing 5,388 randomly selected individual sightings of beluga, collected from 2003 to 2014. At least one SLC was seen in half of neonate sightings. At least one SLC was present in >90%, and two to three SLC were seen in >50% of gray and white beluga individual sightings. In individual sightings of gray and white belugas, “rake marks” were the most common SLC, while “single linear fissures” were most common in individual sightings of neonates. Seasonal and postnatal molting were suspected in St. Lawrence Estuary belugas. In addition, cutaneous lesions from 111 stranded belugas were characterized microscopically. Apart from needle-like foreign bodies found within some “pinhole erosions” and a gamma-herpesvirus found by PCR in a wound, the potential cause and significance of most SLC described here remain undetermined. This is the first study which investigates skin conditions in the St. Lawrence Estuary beluga population. It provides relevant baseline data for future use of skin lesions for evaluating the health of belugas
Épidémiologie et pathologie des dermatopathies chez les bélugas (Delphinapterus leucas) de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent
Get PDFLes objectifs de cette étude étaient 1) de classifier les anomalies cutanées chez les bélugas de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent (ESL) selon leur aspect macroscopique et 2) d’estimer la fréquence et d'explorer les causes possibles des catégories de lésions cutanées (CLC) au sein de cette population. La présence de 18 CLC fut recherchée sur 26 020 photographies prises de 2003 à 2014, représentant un échantillon aléatoire de 5 388 observations de béluga. Au moins une CLC était visible lors de la moitié des observations de nouveau-nés. Au moins une CLC était visible dans >90% des observations de bélugas gris et de bélugas blancs; deux à trois CLC étaient visibles dans >50%. Lors des observations de gris et de blancs, les « marques en dents de râteau » étaient la CLC la plus fréquemment observée, tandis qu’il s’agissait des « fissures linéaires uniques » lors des observations de nouveau-nés. Des phénomènes de mue saisonnière et post-natale furent suspectés chez les bélugas de l’ESL. Les lésions cutanées provenant de 111 carcasses échouées furent analysées microscopiquement. Mis à part la présence de corps étrangers dans certains cas de « dépressions en pointillé » ainsi qu'un gamma-herpèsvirus révélé par PCR au sein d’une plaie, la cause et la signification pour la santé de l’animal de la plupart des lésions cutanées reste incertaine. Cette étude est la première s’intéressant aux lésions cutanées chez les bélugas de l’ESL; elle fournit des données de référence pour l’utilisation des anomalies cutanées dans le suivi de la santé de la population.The objectives of this study were 1) to establish a classification system of skin lesions in belugas from the St. Lawrence Estuary based on macroscopic appearance, and 2) to estimate the frequency and causes of skin lesions categories (SLC) in this population. The presence of 18 SLC was assessed using 26,020 photographs, representing 5,388 randomly selected individual sightings of beluga, collected from 2003 to 2014. At least one SLC was seen in half of neonate sightings. At least one SLC was present in >90%, and two to three SLC were seen in >50% of gray and white beluga individual sightings. In individual sightings of gray and white belugas, “rake marks” were the most common SLC, while “single linear fissures” were most common in individual sightings of neonates. Seasonal and postnatal molting were suspected in St. Lawrence Estuary belugas. In addition, cutaneous lesions from 111 stranded belugas were characterized microscopically. Apart from needle-like foreign bodies found within some “pinhole erosions” and a gamma-herpesvirus found by PCR in a wound, the potential cause and significance of most SLC described here remain undetermined. This is the first study which investigates skin conditions in the St. Lawrence Estuary beluga population. It provides relevant baseline data for future use of skin lesions for evaluating the health of belugas
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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