1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Povijesne vrijednosti ozona u ratnoj luci Pula
No full textZrak je mješavina različitih plinova, među njima je najvažniji kisik. Ozon je alotropska modifikacija kisika i njegova molekula se sastoji od 3 atoma kisika. Ozon dolazi od grčke riječi „ozein“. Prvi koji je identificirao ozon kao različitu kemijsku komponentu je Christian Friedrich Schönbein. Poznata je vertikalna podjela atmosfere prema procesima koji su prisutni u njoj te prema promjeni temperature. Dijeli se na troposferu, stratosferu, mezosferu i termosferu. U stratosferi ozon može nastati reakcijama gdje se prvo uspostavlja ravnoteža a zatim slijedi vertikalna raspodjela. Troposferski ozon čini samo 10 % ukupne količine ozona u vertikalnom stupcu Zemljine atmosfere. Schoenbeinova metoda se osniva na oksidacijskoj sposobnosti ozona. Cilj ovog istraživanja je vidjeti kolika je bila razina ozona u Puli prije nego se počelo sa širim korištenjem parnih strojeva, prije odnosno na početku same industrijske revolucije i dobivene podatke iz tog razdoblja usporediti sa današnjim vrijednostima ozona, koje su rezultat tehnološkog i industrijskog napretka u prošlom stoljeću. Ozon iz zraka će oksidirati kalijev jodid na Schonbeinovom papiru, te tako nastaje elementarni jod. Vrijednost Schonbeinove skale ovisi o relativnoj vlazi te se kod pretvorbe Schonbeinove skale u ppb koristila relativna vlaga izmjerena na istoj meteorološkoj postaji u Puli. Što se tiče vrijednosti ozona u Schoebeinovoj skali za ljetne mjesece, u lipnju je najveća vrijednost ozona izmjerena u 7h a najmanja u 21h. Srednje vrijednosti ozona izmjerene na postaji „Pula Fižela“ u periodu lipanj - kolovoz 2015. su veće od prosječne vrijednosti ozona u ug/m3 također izmjerene u Puli ali davne 1878. godine. Najviša vrijednost iz 2015. god. je zabilježena u 21h a najmanja u 7h ujutro za ljetne mjesece. Možemo zaključiti da su koncentracije ozona iz Pule u 2. pol. 19. st. niže od vrijednosti ozona koje su dobivene metodom po Bojkovu uz konstantnu vlagu. Postoji velika mogućnost za daljnja istraživanja ozona.Air is a mixture of different gases, the most important one is oxygen. Ozone is an allotropic oxygen modification, its molecule consists of 3 oxygen atoms. Ozone comes from the Greek word "ozein". The first who identified ozone was Christian Friedrich Schönbein. The vertical division of the atmosphere is known by the processes present in it and it contains of ; the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and the thermosphere. In the stratosphere, ozone can be triggered by reactions where the equilibrium is first established, followed by vertical distribution. Tropospheric ozone makes only 10% of the total amount of ozone in the vertical column of Earth's atmosphere. Schoenbein's method is based on the oxidation ability of ozone. The aim of this study is to see the level of ozone in Pula before it began with the widespread use of steam engines, before or at the beginning of the industrial revolution itself and the data obtained from that period to compare with today's ozone values, which are the result of technological and industrial progress in the past century. Ozone from the air will oxidize the potassium iodide on Schonbein's paper, thus creating elemental iodine. The value of the Schonbein scale depends on the relative humidity and in the conversion of the Schonbein scale to ppb. Relative humidity measured at the weather station in Pula was used. As for the ozone values at Schoebein's scale for the summer months, the highest ozone value is measured in 7h and the lowest in 21h in June. The average ozone values measured at "Pula Fižela" station from june till august 2015. are higher than the average ozone value in ug / m3 also measured in Pula but in 1878. The highest value of 2015. is recorded at 21h and the lowest at 7h in the morning for summer months.. We conclude that the ozone concentrations from Pula in the 2nd half of the 19th century are lower than the values of ozone obtained by the Bojkov method with constant moisture. There is a potential for further ozone researches
OPSEG PREGLEDA CIVILNIH OSOBA ZA DRŽANJE I NOŠENJE ORUŽJA
No full textUtvrđivanje zdravstvene sposobnosti za nošenje i držanje oružja je izuzetno važno zbog potencijalnih opasnosti koje nepravilno rukovanje oružjem nosi. U ovom istraživanju korišteni su podatci Medicine rada u Rijeci gdje je obavljen zdravstveni pregled 26 kandidata za ishodovanje spomenute dozvole u razdoblju od 09.01. 2015.-07.04.2015. Svrha izdavanja ove dozvole je uglavnom lov, sport ili samoobrana. Zdravstveni pregled za nošenje i držanje oružja sastoji se od prethodno pribavljenog mišljenja izabranog liječnika, anamnestičkih podataka te kliničkog pregleda i pretraga. Ocjena zdravstvene sposobnosti može biti sposoban ako su svi specijalisti određene specijalnosti i psiholog koji su sudjelovali u zdravstvenom pregledu dali zadovoljavajuću ocjenu i nesposoban ako i jedan od specijalista određene specijalnosti ili psiholog koji je sudjelovao u zdravstvenom pregledu dao nezadovoljavajuću ocjenu. Dvoje kandidata je dobilo ocjenu nesposoban zbog nezadovoljavajućeg psihijatrijskog nalaza. Ostali kandidati su imali ocjenu sposoban na temelju svih navedenih pretraga. Inače, najčešći razlog ocjene nesposoban za držanje i nošenje oružja je upravo psihijatrijski nalaz. Alkoholizam, depresije, toksikomanija stvaraju zapreke pri dobivanju dozvole, što je pokazalo i ovo istraživanje. Zanimljivo je su dozvolu uglavnom tražili ljudi zrele i starije životne dobi muškog spola. Podatci dobiveni ovim istraživanjem obrađeni su u cilju lakšeg razumijevanja kulturno-povijesnog okvira na ovim prostorima.Considering health capability for wearing gun is extremely important because of potential danger that irregular wearing gun can bring. This survey used information from Work medicine in Rijeka where 26 candidates in period 09.01. 2015.-07.04.2015. did their medical examination for mentioned purpose. The main purpose for getting this licence is hunting, sport or selfdefense. Two candidates did not satisfied medical examination because of psychiatrically finding. Health examination is based on doctors opinion, anamnestic information and clinical examination. Evaluation of health capability can be satisfactory and unsatisfactory depending on specialites gradeing. In these survey 2 candidates were not capable for wearing gun because of psihiatrical examination. Other candidates had satisfactory results in all examination. Alcholizm, depresion and toksicomania are the most often reasons for not getting the licence, which this survey showed as well. Wearing gun is popular amog older male population. These results are used in order to understand cultural and history background in these area
Novelties of Myasthenia gravis therapy
No full textMiastenija gravis (MG) je jedna od najpoznatijih autoimunih neuromuskularnih bolesti, uzrokuje slabost skeletnih mišića. Dolazi od grčkih riječi “mia” i “stenia” što znači mišić i slabost te latinske riječi “gravis” što znači ozbiljan, težak. U 17. stoljeću zabilježen je prvi slučaj Miastenije gravis u američkoj saveznoj državi Virginia. Prisutan je bimodalan oblik incidencije po dobi, najčešće se javlja oko 30. godine života. Najvažnije obilježje ove bolesti je mišićna slabost. Opći izgled pacijenta ukazuje na dojam osobe sa tužnim izgledom lica ili koja djeluje pospano kao posljedica slabosti lica i ptoze. U tenzilonskom testu se primjenjuje edrofonij klorid, ima brzi početak djelovanja, daje se intravenozno u dozi od 10 mg. Liječenje pacijenata bi trebalo biti indvidualizirano na temelju težine kliničke slike oboljelih. Inhibitori acetilkolinesteraze se smatraju prvom linijom liječenja. Koriste se i nesteroidni imunosupresivni lijekovi, za učinak trebaju nekoliko mjeseci. Ciklosporin A ima imunomodulatorni učinak, poznat kao blokator kalcineurina. Plazmafereza se koristi za kratkorajno liječenje sa ciljem postizanja brzog i privremenog kliničkog poboljšanja. Imunoadsorpcija je posebna tehnika čiji je cilj uklanjanje patogenih anti-AChR antitijela. Biološka terapija počinje pokazivati veću sigurnost i visoku selektivnost u odnosu na klasične imunosupresive. Eculizumab je prvi lijek za MG kojeg je odobrila Američka agencija za hranu i lijekove (FDA) 2017. godine. Zilucoplan je inhibitor komplementa za liječenje generaliziranog oblika MG-a sa anti-AChR pozitivnim antitijelima. Efgartigimod alfa ima blage do umjerene nuspojave, relativno dobro se podnosi. Pretklinička istraživanja pokazuju da CAAR-T stanice mogu bez poteškoća selektivno potisnuti limfocite B koji eksprimiraju anti-MuSK antitijela. Unatoč dobrim rezultatima kliničkih ispitivanja, prisutan je oprez. U personaliziranoj terapiji važnu ulogu mogu imati cirkulirajuće miRNA molekule.Myasthenia gravis (MG) is one of the most famous autoimmune neuromuscular diseases, it causes skeletal muscle weakness. It comes from Greek words "mia" and "stenia" (muscle and weakness) and the Latin word "gravis" (serious, heavy). In the 17th century, the first case of MG was recorded in the state of Virginia. There is a bimodal form of incidence according to age, it appears mostly around the age of 30. The most important feature of this disease is muscle weakness. The patient's appearance indicates the impression of a person with a sad facial expression, looking sleepy as a result of facial weakness and ptosis. In the Tensilon test, edrophonium chloride is used, it has a rapid onset of action, and it is given intravenously in a dose of 10 mg. Treatment of patients should be individualized. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are considered as the first line of treatment. Nonsteroidal immunosuppressive drugs are also used, they need a few months to create an effect. Cyclosporin A has an immunomodulatory effect, also known as a calcineurin blocker. Plasmapheresis is used for short-term treatment with the aim of achieving rapid and temporary clinical improvement. Immunoadsorption is a special technique aimed at removing pathogenic anti-AChR antibodies. Biological therapy begins to show better safety and high selectivity compared to classical immunosuppressive drugs. Eculizumab is the first drug for MG approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017. Zilucoplan is a complement inhibitor used for treatment of the generalized form of MG with anti-AChR positive antibodies. Efgartigimod alfa has mild to moderate side effects, it is relatively well tolerated. Preclinical studies show that CAAR-T cells can selectively suppress B lymphocytes by expressing anti-MuSK antibodies without difficulty. Despite the good results, caution remains. Circulating miRNA molecules can play an important role in personalized treatment
Novelties of Myasthenia gravis therapy
No full textMiastenija gravis (MG) je jedna od najpoznatijih autoimunih neuromuskularnih bolesti, uzrokuje slabost skeletnih mišića. Dolazi od grčkih riječi “mia” i “stenia” što znači mišić i slabost te latinske riječi “gravis” što znači ozbiljan, težak. U 17. stoljeću zabilježen je prvi slučaj Miastenije gravis u američkoj saveznoj državi Virginia. Prisutan je bimodalan oblik incidencije po dobi, najčešće se javlja oko 30. godine života. Najvažnije obilježje ove bolesti je mišićna slabost. Opći izgled pacijenta ukazuje na dojam osobe sa tužnim izgledom lica ili koja djeluje pospano kao posljedica slabosti lica i ptoze. U tenzilonskom testu se primjenjuje edrofonij klorid, ima brzi početak djelovanja, daje se intravenozno u dozi od 10 mg. Liječenje pacijenata bi trebalo biti indvidualizirano na temelju težine kliničke slike oboljelih. Inhibitori acetilkolinesteraze se smatraju prvom linijom liječenja. Koriste se i nesteroidni imunosupresivni lijekovi, za učinak trebaju nekoliko mjeseci. Ciklosporin A ima imunomodulatorni učinak, poznat kao blokator kalcineurina. Plazmafereza se koristi za kratkorajno liječenje sa ciljem postizanja brzog i privremenog kliničkog poboljšanja. Imunoadsorpcija je posebna tehnika čiji je cilj uklanjanje patogenih anti-AChR antitijela. Biološka terapija počinje pokazivati veću sigurnost i visoku selektivnost u odnosu na klasične imunosupresive. Eculizumab je prvi lijek za MG kojeg je odobrila Američka agencija za hranu i lijekove (FDA) 2017. godine. Zilucoplan je inhibitor komplementa za liječenje generaliziranog oblika MG-a sa anti-AChR pozitivnim antitijelima. Efgartigimod alfa ima blage do umjerene nuspojave, relativno dobro se podnosi. Pretklinička istraživanja pokazuju da CAAR-T stanice mogu bez poteškoća selektivno potisnuti limfocite B koji eksprimiraju anti-MuSK antitijela. Unatoč dobrim rezultatima kliničkih ispitivanja, prisutan je oprez. U personaliziranoj terapiji važnu ulogu mogu imati cirkulirajuće miRNA molekule.Myasthenia gravis (MG) is one of the most famous autoimmune neuromuscular diseases, it causes skeletal muscle weakness. It comes from Greek words "mia" and "stenia" (muscle and weakness) and the Latin word "gravis" (serious, heavy). In the 17th century, the first case of MG was recorded in the state of Virginia. There is a bimodal form of incidence according to age, it appears mostly around the age of 30. The most important feature of this disease is muscle weakness. The patient's appearance indicates the impression of a person with a sad facial expression, looking sleepy as a result of facial weakness and ptosis. In the Tensilon test, edrophonium chloride is used, it has a rapid onset of action, and it is given intravenously in a dose of 10 mg. Treatment of patients should be individualized. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are considered as the first line of treatment. Nonsteroidal immunosuppressive drugs are also used, they need a few months to create an effect. Cyclosporin A has an immunomodulatory effect, also known as a calcineurin blocker. Plasmapheresis is used for short-term treatment with the aim of achieving rapid and temporary clinical improvement. Immunoadsorption is a special technique aimed at removing pathogenic anti-AChR antibodies. Biological therapy begins to show better safety and high selectivity compared to classical immunosuppressive drugs. Eculizumab is the first drug for MG approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017. Zilucoplan is a complement inhibitor used for treatment of the generalized form of MG with anti-AChR positive antibodies. Efgartigimod alfa has mild to moderate side effects, it is relatively well tolerated. Preclinical studies show that CAAR-T cells can selectively suppress B lymphocytes by expressing anti-MuSK antibodies without difficulty. Despite the good results, caution remains. Circulating miRNA molecules can play an important role in personalized treatment
Novelties of Myasthenia gravis therapy
No full textMiastenija gravis (MG) je jedna od najpoznatijih autoimunih neuromuskularnih bolesti, uzrokuje slabost skeletnih mišića. Dolazi od grčkih riječi “mia” i “stenia” što znači mišić i slabost te latinske riječi “gravis” što znači ozbiljan, težak. U 17. stoljeću zabilježen je prvi slučaj Miastenije gravis u američkoj saveznoj državi Virginia. Prisutan je bimodalan oblik incidencije po dobi, najčešće se javlja oko 30. godine života. Najvažnije obilježje ove bolesti je mišićna slabost. Opći izgled pacijenta ukazuje na dojam osobe sa tužnim izgledom lica ili koja djeluje pospano kao posljedica slabosti lica i ptoze. U tenzilonskom testu se primjenjuje edrofonij klorid, ima brzi početak djelovanja, daje se intravenozno u dozi od 10 mg. Liječenje pacijenata bi trebalo biti indvidualizirano na temelju težine kliničke slike oboljelih. Inhibitori acetilkolinesteraze se smatraju prvom linijom liječenja. Koriste se i nesteroidni imunosupresivni lijekovi, za učinak trebaju nekoliko mjeseci. Ciklosporin A ima imunomodulatorni učinak, poznat kao blokator kalcineurina. Plazmafereza se koristi za kratkorajno liječenje sa ciljem postizanja brzog i privremenog kliničkog poboljšanja. Imunoadsorpcija je posebna tehnika čiji je cilj uklanjanje patogenih anti-AChR antitijela. Biološka terapija počinje pokazivati veću sigurnost i visoku selektivnost u odnosu na klasične imunosupresive. Eculizumab je prvi lijek za MG kojeg je odobrila Američka agencija za hranu i lijekove (FDA) 2017. godine. Zilucoplan je inhibitor komplementa za liječenje generaliziranog oblika MG-a sa anti-AChR pozitivnim antitijelima. Efgartigimod alfa ima blage do umjerene nuspojave, relativno dobro se podnosi. Pretklinička istraživanja pokazuju da CAAR-T stanice mogu bez poteškoća selektivno potisnuti limfocite B koji eksprimiraju anti-MuSK antitijela. Unatoč dobrim rezultatima kliničkih ispitivanja, prisutan je oprez. U personaliziranoj terapiji važnu ulogu mogu imati cirkulirajuće miRNA molekule.Myasthenia gravis (MG) is one of the most famous autoimmune neuromuscular diseases, it causes skeletal muscle weakness. It comes from Greek words "mia" and "stenia" (muscle and weakness) and the Latin word "gravis" (serious, heavy). In the 17th century, the first case of MG was recorded in the state of Virginia. There is a bimodal form of incidence according to age, it appears mostly around the age of 30. The most important feature of this disease is muscle weakness. The patient's appearance indicates the impression of a person with a sad facial expression, looking sleepy as a result of facial weakness and ptosis. In the Tensilon test, edrophonium chloride is used, it has a rapid onset of action, and it is given intravenously in a dose of 10 mg. Treatment of patients should be individualized. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are considered as the first line of treatment. Nonsteroidal immunosuppressive drugs are also used, they need a few months to create an effect. Cyclosporin A has an immunomodulatory effect, also known as a calcineurin blocker. Plasmapheresis is used for short-term treatment with the aim of achieving rapid and temporary clinical improvement. Immunoadsorption is a special technique aimed at removing pathogenic anti-AChR antibodies. Biological therapy begins to show better safety and high selectivity compared to classical immunosuppressive drugs. Eculizumab is the first drug for MG approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017. Zilucoplan is a complement inhibitor used for treatment of the generalized form of MG with anti-AChR positive antibodies. Efgartigimod alfa has mild to moderate side effects, it is relatively well tolerated. Preclinical studies show that CAAR-T cells can selectively suppress B lymphocytes by expressing anti-MuSK antibodies without difficulty. Despite the good results, caution remains. Circulating miRNA molecules can play an important role in personalized treatment
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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