3,767 research outputs found
Comparison of Tooth Size Discrepancy of Three Main Ethnics in Malaysia with Bolton's Ratio
No full textThe objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of Bolton's ratios in orthodontic population of Malaysian main ethnics; Malay, Chinese and Indians. Ninety convenient samples consisting of 30 pre-orthodontic study casts from each ethnic that fits the inclusion criteria were selected. The greatest mesiodistal widths of each tooth from six to six for overall ratio and three to three for anterior ratio were measured using a digital callipers linked to Hamilton Arch Tooth System software to the nearest 0.01mm. Means of the ratios were calculated using Bolton analysis. One sample t-test statistic analysis was carried out to compare the means with Bolton values of anterior ratio and overall ratio and one-way ANOVA was used to analyze comparison between ethnic groups of the anterior ratio and the overall ratio with the level of statistical significance set at p < 0.05. However, there were no significant differences when comparing Bolton values with Chinese and Indian anterior and overall ratios. The Bolton standards could be applied to Malaysian Chinese, Indians and Malay's female. Subsequently, a specific standard should be used for the Malays orthodontic population.Article URL : http://www.ukm.my/jsm/pdf_files/SM-PDF-41-2-2012/17%20Aida%20Nur%20Ashikin.pd
‘Do larger molars and robust jaws in early hominins represent dietary adaptation?’ A New Study in Tooth Wear
No full textDiet imposes significant constraints on the biology and behaviour of animals. The fossil record suggests that key changes in diet have taken place throughout the course of human evolution. Defining these changes enables us to understand the behaviour of our extinct fossil ancestors. Several lines of evidence are available for studying the diet of early hominins, including craniodental morphology, palaeoecology, dental microwear and stable isotopes. They do, however, often provide conflicting results. Using dental macrowear analysis, this new UCL Institute of Archaeology project will provide an alternative source of information on early hominin diet. Dental macrowear has often been used to analyse diet in archaeological populations, but this will be the first time that this type of detailed study has been applied to the early hominin fossil record
Environmental educators learning and theorizing place-responsive pedagogy
No full textWe are particularly pleased, owing to our different connections to the history and focus of this book, to have been invited to contribute this chapter of commentary on the previous chapters. As a seconded teacher and later a curriculum officer in the then Curriculum Branch of the Queensland Department of Education, the first author (Bob) was involved from 1975 in providing curriculum support to the first two Environmental Education Centres (EE Cs) in Queensland, as well as to schools through several EE curriculum and professional development pro¬jects. Thus, he is able to offer a historical perspective on the Centres from their formation. The second author (Greg) has a long history of writing and research on the practice of place-and community-based education using local knowledge, phenomena, and experience as the foundation for teaching and learning and con-necting students more firmly to their own communities. As well, we both had the opportunity in the mid-1980s to work as educational researchers on different national projects for several years while undertaking PhDs at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Our research experiences in these projects alerted us to the value of the kind of case studies and rich contextualized narratives in this volume for revealing the potential and challenges of innovative educational processes and the meanings attributed to them by the participating teachers and students. Like the educators in the previous chapters, we also share a deep commitment to engaging and preparing young people to participate in the shaping of a more sustainable and just society
Obliteração pulpar em incisivo decíduo traumatizado
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia.Este estudo descritivo retrospectivo em incisivos centrais superiores decíduos traumatizados teve por objetivo, verificar a ocorrência de obliteração pulpar, o tempo decorrido entre o trauma e o desenvolvimento desta seqüela, a presença de alteração de cor da coroa bem como a freqüência de necrose pulpar secundária nos dentes obliterados, além de avaliar a existência de associação entre a obliteração e o sexo, a idade do paciente no momento do trauma dental, o tipo e a reincidência de trauma. Para isto, realizou-se uma pesquisa desenvolvida a partir dos dados clínicos e radiográficos dos prontuários de pacientes participantes do Programa de Atendimento ao Paciente Traumatizado da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, entre agosto de 1998 e agosto de 2007. Seguindo os critérios de elegibilidade, foram incluídos 112 dentes de 82 crianças. Destes, 60 (53,6%) apresentavam obliteração pulpar, sendo que em 58,3% dos casos esta foi diagnosticada em até 12 meses após o trauma. A associação entre alteração de cor da coroa e obliteração pulpar foi confirmada (p<0,001), e não houve casos de necrose pulpar secundária. Não se observou associação estatística entre as variáveis sexo e idade dos pacientes, bem como tipo e recorrência de trauma em relação a obliteração pulpar. Os resultados deste estudo permitem concluir que a ocorrência de obliteração pulpar em dentes decíduos traumatizados é alta e a proservação clínica e radiográfica periódica é a melhor conduta para esta seqüela
Profile of Amy MacDonald, 45, of Falmouth, author of Cousin Ruth\u27s Tooth, The
No full textProfile of Amy MacDonald, 45, of Falmouth, author of Cousin Ruth\u27s Tooth, The Spider Who Created the World, and other children\u27s books
Avaliação da presença de guia de desoclusão lateral e protrusiva da mandíbula
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Florianópolis, 2014.Neste estudo avaliou-se a presença de guias de lateralidade e protrusão em alunos do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Participaram da pesquisa, 187 voluntários, com idade média de 22 anos, de ambos os sexos. Os mesmos foram submetidos a questionamentos sobre tratamento ortodôntico prévio e disfunção têmporo-mandibular, ausência e/ou agenesia dentária, bem como foram submetidos ao exame clínico por um operador calibrado para observar a presença ou ausência das guias citadas, tanto do lado direito como do lado esquerdo. Os indivíduos foram classificados como guia de desoclusão oclusal do tipo canina, em grupo ou em outro tipo de guia. Do lado direito, possuíam guia em canino 43,3%; guia em grupo apenas 4,8% e o restante possuíam um outro dente como guia (41,2%). Já do lado esquerdo, 51,8% apresentavam guia em canino; 0,5% em grupo e o restante tinham outro dente como guia (34,8%). Guia lateral canina bilateral foi presente em 40,1%. Em relação à presença de guia anterior, 60,4% dos participantes a possuíam e esta obteve uma forte associação com a prévia realização de tratamento ortodôntico (pAbstract : In this study evaluated the presence of lateral and protrusive guidance in Dentistry students, from Federal University of Santa Catarina. The research involved 187 volunteers with an average age of 22 years, both gender. They were questioned about temporomandibular dysfunction and previous orthodontic treatment, absence and / or dental agenesis, and also underwent a clinical examination by a calibrated operator to observe the presence or absence of guidance, at both sides. The subjects were classified by their guidance occlusal protection type as canine, group or other type of guide . At the right side, canine guidance acquired 43,3%; guide group only 4,8% and another tooth as a guidance 41,2%. At the left side were found 51,8% with canine guidance , 0,5% group and another type of guide obtained 34,8%. Bilateral canine guidance was present in 40,1%. Regarding the presence of anterior guidance, 60,4% of participants leading a strong association with the prior execution of orthodontic treatment (p< 0,006) . No other association was found with types of orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders, except for the presence of in the left canine guidance and make come true orthodontic treatment, which obtained a weak association (p<0,038 %). In addition, there was association between female gender and existence of any condition of dysfunction. Thus, there was no correlation between any type of guide and problems for patient, as well as presence of many different guides types in most of people surveyed
Minimally invasive aesthetic treatment : internal tooth whitening
No full textEl blanqueamiento dentario interno es la aclaración del
color de un diente mediante la aplicación de un agente
químico para desintegrar la pigmentación orgánica.
El blanqueamiento dentario interno representa una solución
estética para los problemas de oscurecimiento de
piezas anteriores oscurecidas por diversas razones. La decoloración
dentaria ha pasado a ser unos de los temas
claves en la motivación de los pacientes. Un gran número
de ellos concurren al consultorio por demandas estéticas
y funcionales, y el blanqueamiento juega un papel clave
en estas inquietudes.
En el presente trabajo, se realizó la técnica con Perborato
de sodio y agua destilada del elemento 13, logrando
resultados muy satisfactorios, siguiendo un protocolo de
trabajo.
Se llego a la conclusión que dicho procedimiento representa
una alternativa estética conservadora exitosa, respetando
principios de mínima invasión dentaria.Internal tooth whitening is the clarification of the color
of a tooth by applying a chemical agent to disintegrate
the organic pigmentation. The internal tooth whitening
represents an aesthetic solution for the darkening problems
of previous parts darkened for various reasons. Dental
discoloration has become one of the key issues in patient
motivation. A large number of them attend the clinic for
aesthetic and functional demands, and whitening plays a
key role in these concerns.
In the present work, the technique with Perborate of
sodium and distilled water of element 13 was performed,
achieving very satisfactory results, following a working
protocol.
It was concluded that said procedure represents a successful
conservative aesthetic alternative, respecting principles of
minimal dental invasion.Fil: Calatayud, Laura.
Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: García Crimi, Graciela Edith.
Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontologí
Understanding Tooth Removal Procedures using Feature Engineering and Classification Models
No full textTooth removal is one of the most performed surgical procedures worldwide. Despite the high amount of tooth removal procedures carried out each year, scientific understanding of these procedures is not present. Knowledge of force and torque behaviour is limited and knowledge about movements has never been subject to scientific research before. This study is an initial attempt to describe the factors that influence tooth removal in terms of forces, torques and movements. In-vitro measurements were performed that resulted in a dataset containing force, torque and movement time series of 181 human demonstrations of tooth extractions. This report showed how feature engineering and classification modelling were employed to find tooth removal explaining parameters in the dataset. The feature engineering process led to numerical features describing the force and movement (rotation) time series. The rotation features were found to be most descriptive in describing differences in tooth removal procedures. This introduced five distinct rotation strategies that grouped the human demonstrations based on similarity of extraction strategy. These groups have been used as classification labels in the supervised learning process. A Naive Bayes algorithm and a Logistic Regression algorithm were implemented as prediction models. These models showed that while the rotation features contributed the most to the prediction performance, there was need for additional force features to reach maximum prediction performance. The results showed how feature engineering and classification modelling are the first steps in understanding the procedure of tooth removal.Mechanical Engineerin
Tecnologias de informação e comunicação em odontologia: desenvolvimento de um aplicativo auxiliar no ensino
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em OdontologiaAtualmente, o modelo formador da odontologia traz a perspectiva do equilíbrio entre excelência técnica e relevância social e está apoiado em modelos pedagógicos mais dialógicos e interativos, na adoção de metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem e no professor como facilitador do processo de construção do conhecimento. Dentre as metodologias de ensino-aprendizagem, existem as que são baseadas nas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) como uma nova possibilidade à educação, sustentada na construção do conhecimento pelo aluno e no desenvolvimento de novas competências, como capacidade de enfrentar o novo, criatividade, autonomia e comunicação. Dentro deste contexto, situa-se este trabalho de pesquisa que tem por objetivo apresentar a trajetória da construção de um aplicativo para estudo dos determinantes da doença cárie dentária e suas características operacionais, além de demonstrar a utilização das TIC como instrumentos de apoio ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem em odontologia, por meio do uso deste sistema. O aplicativo foi desenvolvido por meio de um trabalho interdisciplinar do qual participaram profissionais das áreas de Odontologia, Sistemas de Informação e Design. Os pesquisadores da área da Odontologia forneceram o referencial teórico que fundamentou as regras necessárias para o desenvolvimento do aplicativo. Os profissionais das áreas de Sistemas de Informação e de Design codificaram o sistema utilizando as tecnologias HTML com CSS e Java para o desenvolvimento estrutural das páginas, Java Script para o desenvolvimento das interatividades e MYSQL para o desenvolvimento do banco de dados. O aplicativo foi utilizado por alunos da 6ª fase do Curso de Graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, numa disciplina que aborda conteúdos de Odontologia em Saúde Coletiva, no contexto da escola de ensino fundamental. Sua utilização foi relatada através de uma pesquisa qualitativa com os alunos de odontologia, cujo processo investigativo ancorou-se na técnica do grupo focal e análise dos dados foi realizada seguindo os pressupostos da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin, com o auxílio do software NVivo® 9.0. A análise dos dados evidenciou as vantagens da utilização das TIC no ensino da odontologia, como instrumentos fundamentais e facilitadores deste processo, percebendo-se a importância e o potencial do seu uso na formação dos alunos frente à necessidade de se adaptarem ao contexto atual de constantes avanços tecnológicos e rápida expansão dos conhecimentos científicos.Currently, the dental educational model brings the perspective of the balance between technical excellence and social relevance. It is supported by dialogical strategies and interactive methodologies in an active teaching-learning process. The teacher is considered a facilitator of the process of knowledge construction. Among the methods of teaching and learning, there are those that are based on information and communication technologies (ICT) as a new possibility to education developing new skills, such as: ability to face the new, creativity, autonomy and communication. Within this context this research which aims to demonstrate the path of building an application to studying the determinants of dental caries and its operational characteristics, and demonstrate the use of ICT as tools to support the teaching-learning process in dentistry. The application was developed by an interdisciplinary work, which was attended by Dentistry, Information Systems and Design professionals. Dentistry researchers provided the theoretical framework that oriented the rules for the application development. The professionals in the areas of Information Systems and Design have coded the system using technologies with CSS HTML and Java to the structural development of the pages, Java Script for the interactivity and MySQL for the database. The application was used by students from the 3rdd year of the Federal University of Santa Catarina Dental School, in a Public Oral Health course, in the context of an elementary school. Its use was reported by a qualitative study with the dental students. Data collection was conducted through the focus group technique and data analysis was carried out following the Content Analysis statements, utilizing NVivo 9.0® software. The results showed the advantages of using ICTs in dental education as basic tools and facilitators of teaching-learning process. It was revealed the importance and the potential of the ICT's use to face the demands of constant advances of technology and the fast expansion of scientific knowledge
Drugs use and tooth wear
No full textThis study protocol aims to present, through a scoping review, a qualitative analysis of published studies on the use of drugs (heroin, cocaine, crack and amphetamine derivatives) and their relationship with tooth wear. This scoping review will be conducted based on the following question: "What is the relationship between drug use and tooth wear?" The question follows the PCC acronym: Population: individuals without age or characteristic restrictions; Concept: tooth wear regardless of diagnostic criteria; Context: Studies that have assessed tooth wear in drug users. This scoping review will be reported in accordance with PRISMA/ScR guidelines and will analyze how the use of drugs are involved in the process of tooth wear, the frequency and quantity of use, as well as outcomes such as the pattern of tooth wear and potential risk and causal factors for tooth wear in drug users
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