12 research outputs found
Metabolic labeling of glycans : diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
No full textCette thèse porte sur la méthode de marquage métabolique de glycanes. Elle consiste à utiliser des monosaccharides modifiés pouvant être métaboliquement introduits sur la membrane externe des cellules. Deux cibles ont été choisies, les bactéries Legionella pneumophila, et des cellules eucaryotes (lignée cellulaire du cancer de la prostate, PC3).Différents analogues saccharidiques ont été synthétisés pour les deux cibles portant différents rapporteurs chimiques, notamment des fonctions azoture, alcyne terminal, alcène terminal, cyclopropène et cétone. Une voie de synthèse commune a été développée mettant en jeu des dérivés d’esters de N-hydrosuccinimide et des dérivés saccharidiques amino, tels que la D-mannosamine, la D-galactosamine et le L-fucose pour les cellules eucaryotes et des analogues d’un précurseur de l’acide légionaminique pour les bactéries Legionella pneumophila.Des essais de marquages métaboliques de glycanes ont été effectués sur Legionella pneumophila. Pour cela, différents dérivés saccharidiques ont été incorporés par les bactéries, puis la révélation des rapporteurs chimiques avec des groupements complémentaires a été évaluée (azoture-cyclooctyne, alcène-tétrazine, cétone-hydrazide/alkoxyamine). La détection a été réalisée soit directement (fluorophore sur le partenaire), soit indirectement (reconnaissance d’un groupement biotine par une streptavidine portant un fluorophore). Les bactéries ont été ensuite observées par microscopie photonique et les observations ont mis en évidence un marquage membranaire.Pour les cellules eucaryotes (PC3), des essais de marquage métabolique ont été effectués afin de vérifier l’incorporation des monosaccharides modifiés via une détection par fluorescence. Une série d’outils portant les fonctions complémentaires aux rapporteurs chimiques, notamment un dérivé de cyclooctyne (TMDIBO) et un dérivé de tétrazine ont été synthétisés. Ils ont été couplés à des dérivés de biotine afin d’obtenir des outils pour la microscopie photonique et à des ARMs (Antibody Recruiting Molecules), tel que le 2,4-dinitrophényle et le rhamnose, en vue d’une potentielle approche thérapeutique. Celle-ci consiste à combiner l’incorporation de monosaccharides modifiés et leur réaction avec un partenaire portant des ARMs, afin de recouvrir la surface des cellules par ces motifs. Les ARMs en présence de sérum humain vont ensuite activer le complément conduisant à la lyse des cellules marquées. Des tests de marquage métabolique ont été réalisés avec les outils couplés aux ARMs et une détection par fluorescence a permis de vérifier la présence des ARMs à la surface des cellules. Des premiers essais ont été effectués avec du sérum humain et des optimisations sont à réaliser.Le marquage métabolique de glycanes est une méthode efficace afin de détecter par fluorescence les bactéries Legionella pneumophila à l’aide d’analogues d’un précurseur de l’acide légionaminique et les cellules eucaryotes PC3 via des dérivés d’autres monosaccharidiques. Le marquage obtenu dans les deux cas est membranaire. Cette méthode permet éventuellement de combiner des aspects d’imagerie ou de diagnostic, avec différentes approches thérapeutiques.This PhD work focuses on glycans metabolic labeling. This method uses a modified monosaccharides bearing a chemical reporter. The unnatural monosaccharide is metabolically incorporated into glycans. Two targets were selected, Legionella pneumophila bacteria and prostate cancer cells (PC3).Various saccharidic analogs were synthesized carrying several chemical reporters, like azide, terminal alkyne, terminal alkene, cyclopropene and ketone functions. A common synthetic strategy was developed using N-hydrosuccinimide ester derivatives and amino monosaccharides, such as D-mannosamine, D-galactosamine and L-fucose for eukaryotic cells and analogs of a legionaminic acid precursor for Legionella pneumophila bacteria.Differents metabolic labeling of glycans were carried out on Legionella pneumophila. Various sugar derivatives were incorporated by bacteria, then the reporter group was reacted selectively and covalently with a complementary function (azide-cyclooctyne, alkene-tetrazine, ketone-hydrazide/alkoxyamine). Bacteria were visualized with an imaging probes by light microscopy (directly: partner bearing a fluorophore, indirectly: recognition of a biotin group by a fluorescent streptavidin). The results highlighted outer membrane labeling.For eukaryotic cells (PC3), metabolic oligosaccharides engineering has been accomplished to check chemical reporter analogs incorporation via detection with fluorescent probes. A series of tools carrying functions complementary to the chemical reporters was synthesized, such as cyclooctyne derivatives (TMDIBO) and tetrazine derivatives. These derivatives were combined with biotin groups for detecting tools or with Antibody Recruiting Molecules (ARMs), such as 2,4-dinitrophenyl and L-rhamnose, for potential therapeutic approaches. The concept focuses on the combination of metabolic glycan labeling and the activation of human serum complement by ARMs to kill selectively labeled cells. First, ARMs labeled cells was checked by recognition of fluorescent anti-ARMs antibodies. Then, metabolic glycan labeling and human serum complement activation has been evaluated but the complement activation protocols still need to be optimized.Metabolic labeling of glycans is an effective method to detect, by fluorescence, Legionella pneumophila bacteria using analogs of a legionaminic acid precursor and eukaryotic cells (PC3) with monosaccharide derivatives. The labeling was observed on the membrane of the two targets. This method can potentially combine imaging or diagnostic aspects with various therapeutic approaches
Mitochondria-targeted cationic porphyrin-triphenylamine hybrids for enhanced two-photon photodynamic therapy
No full textInternational audienceThe proof of concept for two-photon activated photodynamic therapy has already been achieved for cancer treatment but the efficiency of this approach still heavily relies on the availability of photosensitizers combining high two-photon absorption and biocompatibility. In this line we recently reported on a series of porphyrin-triphenylamine hybrids which exhibit high singlet oxygen production quantum yield as well as high two-photon absorption cross-sections but with a very poor cellular internalization. We present herein new photosensitizers of the same porphyrintriphenylamine hybrid series but bearing cationic charges which led to strongly enhanced water solubility and thus cellular penetration. In addition the new compounds have been found localized in mitochondria that are preferential target organelles for photodynamic therapy. Altogether the strongly improved properties of the new series combined with their specific mitochondrial localization lead to a significantly enhanced two-photon activated photodynamic therapy efficiency
Use of metabolic-click labelling sugars to visualize the dynamic of cell wall polysaccharides in living tip-polarized growing cells
No full textInternational audienc
Use of metabolic-click labelling sugars to visualize the dynamic of cell wall polysaccharides in living tip-polarized growing cells
No full textInternational audienc
Marquage métabolique par “click-chemistry” pour l’étude de la dynamique des pectines de la paroi cellulaire végétale
No full textInternational audienc
Imagerie dynamique de polysaccharides pariétaux par une technique de marquage métabolique sur des cellules vivantes et en cours de croissance
No full textInternational audienc
Studying the dynamics of cell wall polysaccharides by metabolic click-mediated labeling of pectins
No full textInternational audienceProtein tracking in living plant cells has become routine with the emergence of reporter genes encoding fluorescent tags. Unfortunately, this imaging strategy is not applicable to glycans because they are not directly encoded by the genome. Indeed, complex glycans result from sequential additions and/or removals of monosaccharides by glycosyltransferases and glycosidases of the cell's biosynthetic machinery. Currently, the imaging of cell wall polymers mainly relies on the use of antibodies or dyes that exhibit variable specificities. However, as immunolocalization typically requires sample fixation, it does not provide access to the dynamics of living cells
Imagerie dynamique de polysaccharides pariétaux par une technique de marquage métabolique sur des cellules vivantes et en cours de croissance
No full textInternational audienc
Modulation of Cellular Fate of Vinyl Triarylamines through Structural Fine Tuning: To Stay or Not To Stay in the Mitochondria?
No full textInternational audienceMitochondria is involved in many cellular pathways and dysfunctional mitochondria are linked to various diseases. Hence efforts have been driven to design mitochondria-targeted fluorophores for monitoring the mitochondria status. However, the factors that govern the mitochondria-targeted potential of dyes are not well-understood. In this context, we synthesized analogues of the TP-2Bzim probe belonging to the vinyltriphenylamine (TPA) class and already described for its capacity to bind nuclear DNA in fixed cells and mitochondria in live cells. These analogues (TP-1Bzim, TP n-2Bzim, TP 1+-2Bzim, TN-2Bzim) differ by the cationic charge, the number of vinylbenzimidazolium branches and the nature of the triaryl core. Using microscopy, we demonstrated that the cationic derivatives accumulate in mitochondria but do not reach mtDNA. Under depolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane, TP-2Bzim and TP 1+-2Bzim translocate to the nucleus in direct correlation with their strong DNA affinity. This reversible phenomenon emphasizes that these probes can be used to monitor ΔΨm variations
Cellular Detection of a Mitochondria Targeted Brominated Vinyl Triphenylamine Optical Probe (TP−Br) by X‐Ray Fluorescence Microscopy
No full textInternational audienceTriphenylamine (TP) derivatives such as two-branch cationic vinylbenzimidazolium triphenylamine TP−2Bzim are promising turn-on fluorescent probes suitable for two-photon imaging, labelling mitochondria in live cells. Here, we designed two TP−2Bzim derivatives as bimodal probes suitable for X-ray fluorescence imaging. The conjugation of the TP core with a rhenium tricarbonyl moiety in the TP−RePyta probe altered the localisation in live cells from mitochondria to lysosomes. The introduction of bromine on the TP core generated the TP−Br probe retaining good photophysical properties and mitochondria labelling in live cells. The influence of calcium channels in the uptake of TP−Br was studied. Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence (SXRF) imaging of bromine enabled the detection of TP−Br and suggested a negligible presence of the probe in an unbound state in the incubated cells, a crucial point in the development of these probes. This study paves the way towards the development of TP probes as specific organelle stainers suitable for SXRF imagin
