1,720,958 research outputs found
Oral diseases epidemiology in italian and non-italian population: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Get PDFAims: To assess the prevalence of the major oral diseases and the impact of the risk factors in adolescents from three different countries representative of Europe, Latin America and Middle East: Italy, Mexico and Saudi Arabia.Methods: Caries (ICDAS and DMFS), erosion (BEWE), gingival status (Silness-Löe Index) were recorded. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated (WHO guidelines). A questionnaire investigated dietary patterns, oral habits and socio-economic status. Sweet taste evaluation was performed to determine threshold (TT) and preference (TP).Results: 909 subjects (Italy n= 220; Saudi n=225; Mexico Urban n=224; Mexico rural n=240). Mean DMFS was 2.96 SD 4.01. The prevalence of erosion was higher in Mexico (18.7%), followed by Italy (12,7%) and Saudi (6.7%) while caries experience was higher in Saudi (3.0±4.0), followed by Italy (1.4±2.3) and Mexico (1.2±1.5)(p<0.001). The frequency of soft drinks intake was a constant variable for erosion (p<0.01). Overweight (BMI) was positively related to caries severity. TP and caries had a significant correlation (p<0.01). Subjects in the rural area presented less caries (p<0.01).Conclusions: The distribution of oral diseases is related to behavioral, socio-cultural and geographic situations. Both caries and dental erosion are associated to diet and diet being determinant to BMI is decisive in oral and general health where prevention can make a decisive change in the quality of life
BMI and behavioral factors on caries in Mexican urban/rural populations
No full textObjectives: To evaluate the hypothesis of the impact of BMI and behavioral risk factors on dental caries experience in a cross-sectional study in two different Mexican populations, an urban and a rural.Methods: Adolescents (12 to 15-year-old) living in the urban city of Veracruz (UA) and in a rural town Tepancan (RA) in Mexico were enrolled. Caries status was recorded (ICDAS and DMFS) and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated (kg/m2) and classified (normal weight/overweight) according to WHO guidelines. Information about oral habits (toothbrushing/dental flossing/dental check-ups) and dietary intake patterns (consumption of sweets) were assessed via interview questionnaire. Data were analyzed (STATA) and a multinomial logistic regression model (MLRM) was run using ICDAS as a dependent variable.Results: A total of 464 subjects participated (UA=224; RA=240). Caries prevalence was higher in UA (42.4%) than in RA (33.7%) (p0) was statistically higher in overweight subjects (p<0.05). In UA, better oral habits were reported, the association between regular dental-check ups and lower caries experience was significant (p<0.01) and the consumption of sweets was higher (p=0.04). Using the MLRM, the zone (UA or RA) was significantly related to caries severity (p<0.01).Conclusions: Caries was associated to behavioral and geographic situations. Higher caries prevalence was observed in UA despite adequate oral hygiene habits and frequent dental check-ups while higher caries severity was recorded in RA linked to the lack of them. BMI was not different between areas yet overweight was a statistically significant risk factor associated to caries experience in the rural population. Homogeneity in rural areas may reduce misinterpretation on data analysis
BMI and behavioral factors on caries in Mexican urban/rural populations
No full textObjectives: To evaluate the hypothesis of the impact of BMI and behavioral risk factors on dental caries experience in a cross-sectional study in two different Mexican populations, an urban and a rural.Methods: Adolescents (12 to 15-year-old) living in the urban city of Veracruz (UA) and in a rural town Tepancan (RA) in Mexico were enrolled. Caries status was recorded (ICDAS and DMFS) and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated (kg/m2) and classified (normal weight/overweight) according to WHO guidelines. Information about oral habits (toothbrushing/dental flossing/dental check-ups) and dietary intake patterns (consumption of sweets) were assessed via interview questionnaire. Data were analyzed (STATA) and a multinomial logistic regression model (MLRM) was run using ICDAS as a dependent variable.Results: A total of 464 subjects participated (UA=224; RA=240). Caries prevalence was higher in UA (42.4%) than in RA (33.7%) (p0) was statistically higher in overweight subjects (p<0.05). In UA, better oral habits were reported, the association between regular dental-check ups and lower caries experience was significant (p<0.01) and the consumption of sweets was higher (p=0.04). Using the MLRM, the zone (UA or RA) was significantly related to caries severity (p<0.01).Conclusions: Caries was associated to behavioral and geographic situations. Higher caries prevalence was observed in UA despite adequate oral hygiene habits and frequent dental check-ups while higher caries severity was recorded in RA linked to the lack of them. BMI was not different between areas yet overweight was a statistically significant risk factor associated to caries experience in the rural population. Homogeneity in rural areas may reduce misinterpretation on data analysis
Digital transillumination in caries detection <i>versus</i> radiographic and clinical methods: an <i>in-vivo</i> study
No full textOBJECTIVES:
This article aimed to evaluate: (a) the agreement between a near-infrared light transillumination device and clinical and radiographic examinations in caries lesion detection and (b) the reliability of images captured by the transillumination device.
METHODS:
Two calibrated examiners evaluated the caries status in premolars and molars on 52 randomly selected subjects by comparing the transillumination device with a clinical examination for the occlusal surfaces and by comparing the transillumination device with a radiographic examination (bitewing radiographs) for the approximal surfaces. Forty-eight trained dental hygienists evaluated and reevaluated 30 randomly selected images 1-month later.
RESULTS:
A high concordance between transillumination method and clinical examination (kappa = 0.99) was detected for occlusal caries lesions, while for approximal surfaces, the transillumination device identified a higher number of lesions with respect to bitewing (kappa = 0.91). At the dentinal level, the two methods identified the same number of caries lesions (kappa = 1), whereas more approximal lesions were recorded using the transillumination device in the enamel (kappa = 0.24). The intraexaminer reliability was substantial/almost perfect in 59.4% of the participants.
CONCLUSIONS:
The transillumination method showed a high concordance compared with traditional methods (clinical examination and bitewing radiographs). Caries detection reliability using the transillumination device images showed a high intraexaminer agreement. Transillumination showed to be a reliable method and as effective as traditional methods in caries detection
Efficacy of using Carisolv in the removal of decayed tooth structure in primary teeth
No full textData sources Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were searched using a unique search strategy.
Study selection Two authors independently reviewed and selected Clinical Trials, Randomised Clinical trials and Controlled Trials assessing the efficacy on primary dentition of Carisolv compared to traditional caries removal with drilling instruments. Only studies where total caries removal in each group was completed using Carisolv systems or rotary instruments used without any time limit were considered suitable. Studies assessing the complete caries removal by different methods from the clinical criteria selected (ie using a sharp probe) were excluded.
Data extraction and synthesis The outcomes considered for the review were: the caries removal rate (binary yes/no), the time required to complete the tissue removal (continuous) and the pain threshold during the procedure, assessed through the need for local anaesthesia by the patients (binary yes/no).For dichotomous data Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated along with 95% Confidence intervals (CIs) and for continuous data, the Mean Difference (MD) with 99% Confidence Intervals (CIs) was calculated. Meta-analysis was performed with studies analysing the same outcomes.
Results From 195 studies identified, 28 were analysed. Ten met eligibility criteria. The trials included involved a total of 348 patients for 532 treated teeth. Three studies evaluated clinical efficacy in caries removal. When the data were collected in a meta-analysis no statistically significant difference was observed in regard of the clinical efficacy between Carisolv and the rotary instruments (p= 0.50, OR= 0.33 95% CI 0.01-8.22).In seven studies the length of time to perform the procedures was evaluated and data analysis demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01, MD 310.92, 99 % CI 234.57- 387.27) with the Carisolv system, which required a greater amount of time than the conventional drill technique. With regard to pain threshold, a near statistically significant difference was found (p=0.06, OR=0.09 95% CI 0.01-1.07) with less anaesthesia required by patients treated using the Carisolv system technique.
Conclusions The systematic review indicates that the clinical efficacy of chemo-mechanical removal with Carisolv seems as reliable as with rotary instruments. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the hetero-geneity among study designs and to the shortage of available data. Further large-scale, well-designed randomised controlled trials are needed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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