263 research outputs found
The Construction of Socio-Political and Symbolical Marginalization in Brazil:Reflecting the Relation between Socio-Spatial Stigma and Responses to Violence in Rio de Janeiro
Get PDFIn this article I reflect upon the construction of socio-political and symbolical marginalization of the dwellers of the favelas in Rio de Janeiro. I explore the demonization of favelas and the particular labelling of favelas’ youngsters as the usual suspects and the face of fear in the city. I argue that addressing youngsters generically as ‘drug dealers’ follows the systematic historical devaluation and humiliation of the dwellers of the favelas in the public arena. Thereby I want to show the nature of criminalization of poverty in Rio, and its consequences on youngsters’ life experiences in the city. Youngsters from favelas have been transformed into the main target of strategies of social control and spatial enclosure. Such processes unfold in a core period for Brazilian society and involve transformations in Brazilian socio-political and spatial context, where the negative effects of neoliberal agenda challenge the consolidation of democracy and social justice. This article is based on empirical research in Brazilian favelas with youngsters living under a socio-symbolical shadow (Fernandes, 2009, 2013a/b) and involved in drug trafficking (Fernandes and Rodriguez, 2009; Silva et al, 2009). It is also based on extensive reflection on concepts and theories that enable new representations on favelas and by extension, new routes for public policies addressed for marginalised groups
Youth Gang Members in Rio de Janeiro:The Face of a ‘Lost Generation’ in an Age of Fear and Mistrust
No full textThis article analyses the relationship between stigmatization, violence and marginality and its limits to social justice and citizenship. It involves a critical reflection on the way groups living in a social and symbolical shade are represented and treated by governments and their institutions, and the way such practices reinforce a cycle of socio-symbolical marginality and the limits to life in the city. For that the article will explore the findings of a research within drug gangs in which I have been involved (Silva and Urani, 2002, Observatório de Favelas, 2006; Silva et al, 2009), and my own research on violence, urban marginality and stigmatization (Fernandes, 2009; Fernandes, 2012)
FISCAL IMPACTS OF SOCIAL SECURITY REFORM IN BRAZIL
Get PDFThis article focuses on the reform of Social Security in Brazil, initiated in 2003. We estimate the fiscal impact of the original government proposal, as well as of the proposal approved at the House of Representatives, and the final format approved at the Senate. We also estimated both, the balancing contribution rate and the effective contribution rate, in the three phases of the reforming process. Results indicate that although the final impact was considerably reduced from the initial project, a great deal of progress has been made towards both, the reduction of annual Social Security deficit and its transformation into a more equitable system.
The Construction of Socio-Political and Symbolical Marginalization in Brazil:Reflecting the Relation between Socio-Spatial Stigma and Responses to Violence in Rio de Janeiro
Get PDFIn this article I reflect upon the construction of socio-political and symbolical marginalization of the dwellers of the favelas in Rio de Janeiro. I explore the demonization of favelas and the particular labelling of favelas’ youngsters as the usual suspects and the face of fear in the city. I argue that addressing youngsters generically as ‘drug dealers’ follows the systematic historical devaluation and humiliation of the dwellers of the favelas in the public arena. Thereby I want to show the nature of criminalization of poverty in Rio, and its consequences on youngsters’ life experiences in the city. Youngsters from favelas have been transformed into the main target of strategies of social control and spatial enclosure. Such processes unfold in a core period for Brazilian society and involve transformations in Brazilian socio-political and spatial context, where the negative effects of neoliberal agenda challenge the consolidation of democracy and social justice. This article is based on empirical research in Brazilian favelas with youngsters living under a socio-symbolical shadow (Fernandes, 2009, 2013a/b) and involved in drug trafficking (Fernandes and Rodriguez, 2009; Silva et al, 2009). It is also based on extensive reflection on concepts and theories that enable new representations on favelas and by extension, new routes for public policies addressed for marginalised groups
The situation of people who are at risk of homelessness in the city of Dundee:Dundee Drop In Survey
Get PDFThis report brings to life the findings from the Dundee Drop In Survey. The survey is a result of collaboration between the Dr Fernando Fernandes (Social Dimensions of Health Institute, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dundee) and Dundee Drop In Network (DDI).This report is part of a participatory process that involves several discussions with DDI group members and some service users. The collective process takes more time than most traditional ways to do research. In fact, the process of engagement with the research is as relevant as the research findings. It involves a complex coordination and facilitation that has been possible only because of the passionate commitment of all the people involved.This report has been produced to be a resource for practitioners, policy makers, students and researchers interested in understanding the issues faced by people living with or at risk of homelessness. As such, we expect the report to inform the development of further research, action, policy and practice to address this critical matter in the city of Dundee and beyond
The situation of people who are at risk of homelessness in the city of Dundee:Dundee Drop In Survey
Get PDFThis report brings to life the findings from the Dundee Drop In Survey. The survey is a result of collaboration between the Dr Fernando Fernandes (Social Dimensions of Health Institute, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dundee) and Dundee Drop In Network (DDI).This report is part of a participatory process that involves several discussions with DDI group members and some service users. The collective process takes more time than most traditional ways to do research. In fact, the process of engagement with the research is as relevant as the research findings. It involves a complex coordination and facilitation that has been possible only because of the passionate commitment of all the people involved.This report has been produced to be a resource for practitioners, policy makers, students and researchers interested in understanding the issues faced by people living with or at risk of homelessness. As such, we expect the report to inform the development of further research, action, policy and practice to address this critical matter in the city of Dundee and beyond
Os jovens da favela. Reflexões sobre controle e contenção sócio-espacial dos párias urbanos no Rio de Janeiro
No full textThis article outlines a reflection on analytic tools which can contribute in studies about urban segregation and socio-spatial stigmatisation. The urban space production in Rio de Janeiro and the social representation of Favelas is utilized as an empiric reference for a theoretical discussion, in which two analytical notions are introduced: the ¿socio-spatial control and enclosure¿ and the ¿space of embarrassment¿
Fernando Henrique Cardoso e o pensamento político brasileiro
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia Política, Florianópolis, 2015.A construção do legado de Fernando Henrique Cardoso tem transcorrido a partir do signo de rupturas e dicotomias estruturantes, características que se articulam em torno da ideia da transição da atividade intelectual para a atividade política, num processo que reforça traços marcantes da imaginação política brasileira. Partindo da crítica dessa visão, este trabalho investiga o que o processo de formação do legado do autor como levado a cabo até aqui tem a dizer sobre os modos pelos quais se produz e se reinventa o ?pensamento político brasileiro?, ou, em outras palavras, o que sua trajetória intelectual individual representa em relação à trajetória coletiva de pensamento designada por esta expressão. Duas teses interpretativas principais são desenvolvidas ao longo deste trabalho: a primeira, de que o fio de continuidade e de unidade entre os diversos momentos da trajetória intelectual de Cardoso, negado pelas abordagens que até o presente vão dando conta da sistematização de seu legado, pode ser reconstruído e recuperado se a ênfase da análise recair na especificidade política de seus escritos, reconstrução e recuperação que, obviamente, não se furtam a considerar possíveis inconsistências, incoerências e mudanças nas crenças ao longo de sua trajetória; e a segunda, de que tal pensamento político, sem desconsiderar outras fontes genericamente rotuladas como ?universais?, estrutura-se a partir de um diálogo seletivo, sistemático e contínuo com algumas das principais matrizes de interpretação do político no país, diálogo este que, de um lado, torna possível evidenciar a existência de uma cosmovisão a atuar como ?fio condutor? para o conjunto de seu pensamento (conferindo a ele um sentido de coerência) e, de outro, entender o impacto ressignificador desse pensamento sobre tais matrizes. O trabalho está organizado em três partes: na primeira, produz-se uma reflexão teórico-metodológica do campo do pensamento político brasileiro; na segunda, discute-se a especificidade da reflexão política do autor a partir de dois momentos distintos (o do estabelecimento e o da consolidação das suas crenças políticas); e na terceira, num exercício de tentar aproximar as duas primeiras, discute-se a especificidade da inscrição do pensamento político do autor no campo do pensamento político brasileiro a partir de duas variáveis: as filiações e as recepções.Abstract : The construction of Fernando Henrique Cardoso?s legacy has been developed based on the mark of structuring ruptures and dichotomies, characteristics that are both articulated around the idea of the transition from the intellectual to the political activity, in a process that reinforces strong features of the Brazilian political imagination. Anchored in a criticism of this view, this study investigates what the process of formation of the author?s legacy developed until the present moment reveal about the forms through which the ?Brazilian political thought? is produced and reinvented, or, in other words, what his personal intellectual trajectory represents in relation to the collective thought trajectory designated by this expression. Two main interpretative theses are tested throughout this work: the first one is that the continuity and the unity between the several moments of Cardoso?s intellectual trajectory (denied by the approaches that, until the present moment, have been systematizing his legacy) can be reconstructed and recuperated if the emphasis of the analysis lies in the political specificity of his writings - assuming that both the reconstructing and the recuperation, obviously, do not fail to consider possible inconsistencies, incoherences and changes in the beliefs of the author throughout his trajectory; and second , that such political thought , without disregarding other sources generally labeled as ?universal? , is structured from a selective, systematic and continuous dialogue with some of the main forms of interpretation of the policy in the country, this dialogue , on the one hand , makes it possible to show the existence of a worldview to act as ?common thread? for all of his thought (giving him a sense of coherence), and on the other, to understand the impact of this ressignificador thinking about such matrices. The work is organized in three parts: in the first, the field of the Brazilian political thought is theoretical and methodologically questioned; in the second part, the specificity of the author?s political reflection is discussed based on two different moments (the establishment and the consolidation of his political beliefs); and, in the third part, in an attempt of approximating the two previous parts, the specificity of the insertion of the author?s political thought in the Brazilian political thought field is discussed, which is based on two variables: the filiations and the receptions
The repellent role of institutions
Get PDFThe quality of care needs to provide greater attention and humanization to users, not only with regard tobuilding empathy, but also with regard to overcoming institutional barriers that can operate as decisive factorsfor adherence and full access to services. These barriers are not only the result of institutional or socio-legalmechanisms that regulate the functioning of institutions; they also place themselves, above all, at the core of therelationships and interactions between professionals and users of the system
What Should the Public Role of Universities in an Unequal Society Be?
No full textScottish universities do not have systematic and articulated programmes for community engagement. In spite of some valuable experiences, Scotland still faces the challenge to mobilise their universities to do more in relation to inequalities and social justice. These challenges inevitably involve a reflection upon the way institutions engage with the social justice agenda. This is particularly relevant for the universities as they are institutions addressing research and teaching and, ultimately, the formation of professionals. In times of instrumentalisation of learning, universities’ agendas for social justice should involve the responsibility of educating students to perform a morally responsible political authority (Giroux, Educar Curitiba 37:25–38, 2010)
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