92 research outputs found
How discrimination and bias shape outcomes
Get PDFIn this article, economists Kevin Lang and Ariella Kahn-Lang Spitzer take up the expansive issue of discrimination, examining specifically how discrimination and bias shape people’s outcomes. The authors focus primarily on discrimination by race, while acknowledging that discrimination exists along many other dimensions as well, including gender, sexual orientation, religion, and ethnicity. They describe evidence of substantial racial disparities in the labor market, education, criminal justice, health, and housing, and they show that in each of these domains, such disparities at least partially reflect discrimination.
Lang and Kahn-Lang Spitzer note that the disparities we see are both causes and results of discrimination, and that they reinforce each other. For instance, harsher treatment from the criminal justice system makes it more difficult for black people to get good jobs, which makes it more likely they’ll live in poor neighborhoods and that their children will attend inferior schools.
The authors argue that simply prohibiting discrimination isn’t effective, partly because it’s hard to prevent discrimination along dimensions that are correlated with race. Rather, they write, policies are more likely to be successful if they aim to eliminate the statistical association between race and many other social and economic characteristics and to decrease the social distance between people of different races.Accepted manuscrip
Historical Dialogue: Conceptualizing and Mapping a Field
Get PDFThis Introduction provides an overview of the term historical dialogue, and its relationship to the fields of transitional justice, memory studies, peacebuilding and conflict transformation. In considering the challenges facing post-conflict societies, the author suggests ways in which these different fields respond to a wide range of challenges that the legacy of violence incurs. With a particular focus on historical dialogue, and the ways in which historical dialogue is framed within the issue, Lang proposes considering history itself as a form of advocacy and an integral component of peacebuilding
Historical Dialogue: Conceptualizing and Mapping a Field
Get PDFThis Introduction provides an overview of the term historical dialogue, and its relationship to the fields of transitional justice, memory studies, peacebuilding and conflict transformation. In considering the challenges facing post-conflict societies, the author suggests ways in which these different fields respond to a wide range of challenges that the legacy of violence incurs. With a particular focus on historical dialogue, and the ways in which historical dialogue is framed within the issue, Lang proposes considering history itself as a form of advocacy and an integral component of peacebuilding
Pushing back: women-led grassroots activism in New York City's transnational communities of color, 1986-2011
No full text“Pushing Back” analyzes women-led activism of transnational communities of color through an examination of social justice campaigns around domestic work, housing, and environmental policies and practices. Through a case study of New York City from the 1980s to the present (2011), the dissertation argues that one key to progressive women’s successful organizing efforts is their ability to draw upon a range of political stances and to cross traditional identity-based boundaries. This study addresses three central questions: Which issues do organizations representing transnational communities of color identify as key to their communities and how do they frame them? What forms of advocacy do they wield and what do such approaches look like in practice? and How do they negotiate internal diversity (gender, race/nationality, class, etc.) and engage the broader community, particularly as women-led groups? The study focuses on two grassroots organizations, the pan-Asian/American CAAAV: Organizing Asian Communities and the South Bronx’s largely Puerto Rican and Black Mothers on the Move/Madres en Movimiento. A complex picture of activism is produced through original archival research in previously unprocessed papers at each organization, oral history interviews, participant-observation, and the evaluation of relevant governmental and media sources.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Ariella Rabin Rotrame
Cover story: The Vengeful
No full textThe jazz era of the 1920s in America was filled with exuberant music, fast cars and young men and women determined to have a good time. But at the same time in working-class Far North Queensland, life wasn't lived at quite the same level of opulence. In a new novel, Treading Air, Queensland author Ariella Van Luyn uses fiction to investigate the life of a real young woman from Townsville named Lizzie O'Dea, who shot another woman in 1924
From millions to one: theoretical and concrete approaches to De Novo assembly using short read DNA sequences
No full textOne of the most significant advances in biology has been the ability to sequence the DNA of organisms. Even in the shadow of the completion of the human genome, intractable regions of the genome remain incomplete. Next generation high-throughput short read sequencing technologies are now available and have the ability to generate millions of short read DNA sequences per run. Although greater coverage depths are possible, de novo sequence assembly with these shorter sequences is significantly more complex than resequencing; handling them presents new computational problems and opportunities. Identifying repetitive regions, coping with sequencing errors, and manipulating the millions of short reads simultaneously, are some of the difficulties that must be overcome. As a result of these complexities and working with the short read sequences from the Waksman SOLiD sequencing platform, this work explores the problem of de novo assembly. Initially, we develop tools for filtering short read sequence data based on quality scores and find that this procedure is critical for the success of the subsequent de novo assembly. Next, we analyze the key phenomena responsible for producing contigs that are much shorter than the values provided by theoretical estimates. Finally, we explore two different routes to circumventing the difficulty imposed by short contigs. The first involves utilization of information from multiple orthologous genomes in a comparative assembly. In particular, we developed a pipeline for using the reference genome of a close by relative to improve genome assembly. The second approach uses paired read information to build scaffolds that are two orders of magnitude larger than the original contigs. For typical bacterial genomes, less than one hundred of these scaffolds are required to cover the entire genome. The combination of short reads from various platforms, assembly, and recovery pipelines brings mid-sized genomes close to completion. As a result, minimal additional work using conventional sequencing technologies are enough to close the remaining small gaps and return a finished single genome. Current advancements in sequencing technologies leave us hopeful that it would be possible to provide fairly complete assemblies for complex genomes via these technological approaches.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Ariella Syma Sasso
Évaluation constructiviste de l’application du Guide des meilleures pratiques de soins aux endeuillés auprès des familles ayant vécu une perte périnatale
Get PDFCette étude avait pour but d’évaluer, à partir d’un processus de co-construction avec les personnes concernées, dans un contexte de 1ère ligne, la mise en application d’interventions infirmières inspirées du Guide des meilleures pratiques de soins pour les endeuillés (GMPSE) auprès d’un couple ayant vécu une perte périnatale au cours des six dernier mois.
Un devis de recherche d’étude de cas basé sur la démarche d’évaluation de la quatrième génération de Guba et Lincoln (1989) a été utilisé. Une infirmière expérimentée auprès des familles endeuillées, s’est inspirée de la guidance du GMPSE pour intervenir auprès d’un couple lors de cinq rencontres thérapeutiques, dont quatre ont été précédées d’une entrevue avec les personnes concernées . Ces entrevues ont permis à ces personnes d’identifier ensemble les interventions les plus utiles et les moins utiles. Le verbatim des rencontres et entrevues ont été enregistrées et transcrites à des fins d’analyses qualitatives,
Les résultats de ces analyses font ressortir la pertinence des interventions inspirées du GMPSE et l’apport spécifique de la pratique infirmière auprès de la population visée. Il appert que la sensibilisation des décideurs et des cliniciens aux enjeux des personnes endeuilles soit nécessaire pour favoriser l’implantation du Guide dans les milieux de soins. Enfin, une meilleure appropriation du GMPSE est recommandée autant dans le cadre de la formation, que de la recherche et de la pratique en sciences infirmières.The purpose of this study was to evaluate from a constructivist perspective, partnering with the stakeholders , the usefulness of nursing interventions inspired from The Best Practice Guidelines in Bereavement Care (BPGBC) in a first line context, during the follow up a couple whom had experienced a prenatal lost in the last six months.
A case study design was used along with The Fourth Evaluation’s methodological approach designed by Guba and Lincoln (1989). An experienced nurse in the care of bereaved families, used the BPGBC to guide her interventions in five therapeutic meetings with the couple, followed by four interviews with the stakeholders. The interventions considered the most helpful and the less useful were identified. The gathering of the data and their analysis followed an interactive and ongoing process.
The results support the pertinence of the nursing interventions inspired from the BPGBC, as well as the specific contribution of the nursing profession in the bereavement work. Implementing the BPGBC becomes a realistic goal when the managers and the clinical professionals are made aware of the issues encompassed by the grieving population. The nursing profession could incorporate the BPGBC in its training curriculum, in the research field and in the care offered to the bereaved population in different care settings
A World of Occupations: Life Through the Lens of Persons Who Are Experiencing Homelessness
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 3/31/2017
This research examined meanings ascribed to daily occupations of persons experiencing homelessness. Participants used photographs to document occupations. Q-sort and one-on-one interviews were used to enrich data. Thematic outcomes highlight occupational therapy’s distinct value with this population.
Primary Author and Speaker: Carol Ann Lambdin-Pattavina
Additional Authors and Speakers: Catherine Peirce, Alexandra Marous, Cody Wipperman, Ariella Bitton, Melanie Baldzicki</jats:p
Memory law and the duty to remember the “1994 genocide against the Tutsi” in Rwanda
No full textNo abstract available
Évaluation constructiviste de l’application du Guide des meilleures pratiques de soins aux endeuillés auprès des familles ayant vécu une perte périnatale
No full textCette étude avait pour but d’évaluer, à partir d’un processus de co-construction avec les personnes concernées, dans un contexte de 1ère ligne, la mise en application d’interventions infirmières inspirées du Guide des meilleures pratiques de soins pour les endeuillés (GMPSE) auprès d’un couple ayant vécu une perte périnatale au cours des six dernier mois.
Un devis de recherche d’étude de cas basé sur la démarche d’évaluation de la quatrième génération de Guba et Lincoln (1989) a été utilisé. Une infirmière expérimentée auprès des familles endeuillées, s’est inspirée de la guidance du GMPSE pour intervenir auprès d’un couple lors de cinq rencontres thérapeutiques, dont quatre ont été précédées d’une entrevue avec les personnes concernées . Ces entrevues ont permis à ces personnes d’identifier ensemble les interventions les plus utiles et les moins utiles. Le verbatim des rencontres et entrevues ont été enregistrées et transcrites à des fins d’analyses qualitatives,
Les résultats de ces analyses font ressortir la pertinence des interventions inspirées du GMPSE et l’apport spécifique de la pratique infirmière auprès de la population visée. Il appert que la sensibilisation des décideurs et des cliniciens aux enjeux des personnes endeuilles soit nécessaire pour favoriser l’implantation du Guide dans les milieux de soins. Enfin, une meilleure appropriation du GMPSE est recommandée autant dans le cadre de la formation, que de la recherche et de la pratique en sciences infirmières.The purpose of this study was to evaluate from a constructivist perspective, partnering with the stakeholders , the usefulness of nursing interventions inspired from The Best Practice Guidelines in Bereavement Care (BPGBC) in a first line context, during the follow up a couple whom had experienced a prenatal lost in the last six months.
A case study design was used along with The Fourth Evaluation’s methodological approach designed by Guba and Lincoln (1989). An experienced nurse in the care of bereaved families, used the BPGBC to guide her interventions in five therapeutic meetings with the couple, followed by four interviews with the stakeholders. The interventions considered the most helpful and the less useful were identified. The gathering of the data and their analysis followed an interactive and ongoing process.
The results support the pertinence of the nursing interventions inspired from the BPGBC, as well as the specific contribution of the nursing profession in the bereavement work. Implementing the BPGBC becomes a realistic goal when the managers and the clinical professionals are made aware of the issues encompassed by the grieving population. The nursing profession could incorporate the BPGBC in its training curriculum, in the research field and in the care offered to the bereaved population in different care settings
- …
