1,720,957 research outputs found
Valutazione tramite Checklist AGREE II delle linee guida di pratica clinica per la prevenzione della carie dentale: una revisione sistematica
No full textValutazione tramite Checklist AGREE II delle linee guida di pratica clinica per la prevenzione della carie dentale: una revisione sistematica
No full textEffects of a Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Tax on Caries in Italy: A Modelling Study
No full textIntroduction: Despite efforts to reduce sugar consumption, Italy continues to experience high levels of caries, particularly among 12-year-old children. The introduction of a sugar tax is one strategy that gained traction as a mean of curbing excessive sugar intake. This study aimed to assess the potential impact of a sugar tax on reducing caries prevalence through the analysis of two scenarios: a hypothetical implementation of the tax in 2008 (Scen1), compared against actual 2017 data, and a projection of the effects of the planned 2025 tax extending to 2034 (Scen2). Methods: The evaluation utilizes a Markov model to evaluate the health and economic outcomes of a 20% ad valorem tax on sugar-sweetened beverages. Outcomes included the caries experience, as DMFT index and QALYs (Quality-Adjusted Life Year/s), direct dental costs, and indirect costs as forgone earnings due to care, assuming a 100% pass-through to consumers. A 3% annual discount rate was applied to all costs. Sub-analysis also included geographical macro-areas of Italy (North-West, North-East, Centre, South, Islands), based on main socioeconomic determinants. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis, involving a Monte Carlo simulation with 1,000 iterations, was conducted to assess the robustness of the model, generating estimates of mean values and 95% uncertainty intervals. Results: In Scen1, the simulation suggested that a 20% ad valorem tax would have resulted in a 0.05 reduction of the DMFT, yielded a cost saving of EUR 18.5 million, and EUR 24,520 per QALY gained. The projected 2025-2034 implementation estimated to decrease the DMFT by 0.07, save EUR 38.6 million, and EUR 31,933 per QALY gained. Significant benefits were observed in southern Italy, an area with higher caries rates and lower dental care utilization, where the impact was pronounced in both scenarios. Conclusion: Integrating a sugar tax into a broader public health strategy can significantly reduce caries and healthcare costs, especially in disadvantaged settings. These findings highlight the need for policymakers to pair sugar taxes with additional preventive measures for optimal public health outcomes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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