1,283 research outputs found
THE ANATOMY OF FAVORINUS JAPONICUS BABA (NUDIBRANCHIA-EOLIDOIDEA)
No full textFavorinus GRAY, 1850 is a splendid genus, the distinctive characters of which were introduced in parts by ALDER & HANCOCK, 1855, and somewhat more effectively by ODHNER, 1939 (see also MACNAE, 1954a, pp. 17-19). Eolis alba A. & H., 1844, Atlantic, forms the type of the genus. A series of species were added to this genus by the senior author (F. pacificus BABA, 1937; F. japonicus BABA, 1949; F. perfoliatus BABA, 1949; and F. mirabilis BABA, 1955), and it was revealed that the rhinophores in Favorinus are either simple, or bulbed, or even perfoliated according to different species. Here F. japonicus BABA was taken up for special study in anatomy, with the hope to understand the various genetic features more profoundly than before. Apparently this species is one of those nearest to the type of the genus, particularly in having bulbs on the mid-length of the rhinophores
L'altération du niveau de la lamine B1 induit des défauts de réparation de cassures double-brin et un stress réplicatif
No full textLa surexpression de la lamine B1, un composant majeur de l'enveloppe nucléaire, a été rapportée dans diverses tumeurs. Cependant, les causes et les conséquences de cette augmentation sur la stabilité du génome n'ont pas été étudiées à ce jour. En effet, l'instabilité du génome est considérée comme une caractéristique majeure des cellules cancéreuses. Pour assurer le maintien de la stabilité du génome, les cellules ont développé de multiples et complexes mécanismes parmi lesquels les voies de réparation de l'ADN et la gestion du stress réplicatif sont essentielles. Au cours de ma thèse, l'impact de l'augmentation de niveau de lamine B1 sur la stabilité du génome, en particulier sur la réparation de cassure double-brin (CDB) et sur le contrôle du stress réplicatif a été étudié. En effet, nous montrons qu'une augmentation de la lamine B1 entraîne une accumulation de CDB et leur persistance en réponse à l'irradiation (foyers γH2AX), en plus d'une sensibilité accrue à l'irradiation (formation de colonies et cassures chromosomiques). Les cellules surexprimant la lamine B1 montrent également des défauts de recrutement de 53BP1 aux sites de dommages d’ADN, couplés à une diminution de l'efficacité de la réparation de CDB par NHEJ (Non-Homologous End-Joining). De plus, nous avons identifié une interaction directe entre la lamine B1 et 53BP1 régulant le recrutement de ce dernier aux CDB. Nos résultats supportent un modèle dans lequel l'augmentation de la lamine B1 conduit à la séquestration de 53BP1, modifiant ainsi son recrutement aux CDBs. En parallèle, nous montrons que les cellules surexprimant la lamine B1 présentent des signes accrus de stress réplicatif tels que l'accumulation de foyers spontanés de p-RPA, l'augmentation des figures radiales lors du traitement par mitomycine C, et une sensibilité accrue au traitement par camptothécine. Nous avons en outre cherché à identifier les causes de l'augmentation du stress réplicatif dans ces cellules, et les conséquences potentielles, en particulier sur l'induction de phénotypes inflammatoires. En fait, nous montrons que la surexpression de la lamine B1 conduit à une diminution de l'efficacité de la réparation de CDB par la recombinaison homologue, couplée à un défaut de formation de foyers BRCA1 après irradiation. De plus, nous avons obtenu des données préliminaires suggérant une induction de l'inflammation lors de la surexpression de la lamine B1. En résumé, ce travail de Thèse a permis d’identifier un nouveau mécanisme régulant le recrutement de 53BP1 aux CDB par son interaction avec la lamine B1, et souligne le rôle de l'augmentation de la lamine B1 dans la promotion de l'instabilité génomique au moins partiellement par des défauts de réparation de CDB et une augmentation de stress réplicatif. Après confirmation de l'induction de phénotypes inflammatoires, nous aurions identifié des rôles de l'augmentation de la lamine B1 dans la promotion de deux caractéristiques majeures du cancer - l'instabilité génomique et l'inflammation - favorisant ainsi le rôle de la lamine B1 dans le développement tumoral et proposant cette dernière comme une cible thérapeutique antitumorale potentielle.The overexpression of lamin B1, a major component of nuclear envelope, has been reported in various tumors. However, the causes and consequences of this increase on the genome stability have not been studied to date. Indeed, genome instability is considered a major hallmark of cancer cells. To ensure the maintenance of genome stability, cells have developed multiple complex mechanisms among which pathways of DNA repair and replication stress management are essential. Therefore, during my thesis the impact of an increased lamin B1 level on genome stability, in particular on double-strand break (DSB) repair and on the control of replication stress was studied. Indeed, we show that increased lamin B1 leads to an accumulation of DSBs and their persistence in response to irradiation (γH2AX foci), in addition to an increased sensitivity to irradiation (colony formation and chromosomal breaks). Lamin B1 overexpressing cells also show defects in the recruitment of 53BP1 to damage sites, coupled to a decreased efficiency of DSB repair by Non-Homologous End-Joining. Moreover, we identified a direct interaction between lamin B1 and 53BP1 regulating the latter’s recruitment to DSBs. Our results support a model where increased lamin B1 leads to the sequestration of 53BP1, thereby altering its recruitment to DSBs. In parallel, we show that cells overexpressing lamin B1 display increased signs of replication stress such as accumulation of spontaneous p-RPA foci, increased radial chromosomes upon mitomycin C treatment, and enhanced sensitivity to treatment with camptothecin. We further aimed to identify the causes of the increased replication stress in these cells, in addition to the potential consequences, in particular on the induction of inflammatory phenotypes. In fact, we show that lamin B1 overexpression leads to a decreased efficiency of DSB repair by Homologous Recombination, coupled to a defect in irradiation-induced BRCA1 foci formation. In addition, we obtained preliminary data suggesting a possible induction of inflammation upon lamin B1 overexpression. Altogether, this work identifies a novel mechanism regulating the recruitment of 53BP1 to damage sites through its interaction with lamin B1, and highlights the role of increased lamin B1 in promoting genome instability at least partially through defective DSB repair and increased replication stress. Upon confirming the induction of inflammatory phenotypes, we would have identified roles of increased lamin B1 in promoting two major hallmarks of cancer – genomic instability and inflammation - thereby favorizing a role for lamin B1 in tumor development and proposing the latter as a potential anti-tumor therapeutic target
The Baba Settlement
No full textThe unedited film footage shows the construction of the functionalist Baba settlement (Osada Baba), which was built in the area between the Church of St. Matthew (Kostel sv. Matěje) in Dejvice and the Baba ruins in 1932. The settlement's urban design was done by architect Pavel Janák. The construction site was visited by Prague Mayor Karel Baxa accompanied by architects Pavel Janák and Josef Fuchs, and publicist Stanislav Mojžíš-Lom. The segment includes wide shots of the construction site overlooking Prague and footage of the application of asphalt roofing on one of the houses
What language are you speaking? Why patient communication is a patient safety issue-9/10/2008
No full textMario Moussa of the Center for Applied Research (CFAR) and co-author of the book, The Art of Woo, presents a framework for exploring communication styles within health care settings. Dr. Moussa provides specific examples illustrating common mixed messages that occur between clinicians
Correction to: An update on carnosine and anserine research
No full textThe original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The author “Shahid Baba” would like to include the middle name “P” in the online published article.No Full Tex
Baba Nanak and Sufism
No full textBaba Nanak was the pioneer of Sikh religion but he also wrote poetry and wrote certain other things. This article analyses the impact of Muslim philosophy and Muslim saints on Nanak and his works. Nanak had close and friendly ties with some Muslim Sufis and had befriended some Sufis and musicians who belonged to Baba Fareed’s ‘jamat khana’. Some of the verses by Baba Fareed are included in Sikh scripture as well. The author has also quoted some verses by Allama Iqbal eulogising Baba Nanak
"Baba Aruki: A Walk Down Baba Lane"
No full textabstract: "Baba Aruki: A Walk Down Baba Lane" will introduce the reader to scenes from my study abroad at Waseda University in Tokyo, Japan. The reader will experience the whirlwind nature of study abroad, the complexity of Japanese culture, and vicarious nostalgia for a place, time, and group of people now far removed from my daily life. I invite you to join me on this journey into my time in a different world. (Please note: turn on "comments" in the pdf file.
Biography of Muhammad Baba
No full textCe manuscrit est une biographie du savant islamique Muhammad Baba du village de Doumga, au Sénégal. Elle fait partie d'une série de biographies que l'auteur a écrites sur les dirigeants islamiques en Afrique de l'Ouest.This manuscript is a biography of Islamic scholarMuhammad Baba of the village of Doumga, in Senegal. It is one of a series of biographies that the author has written about Islamic leaders in West Africa
Entomological impact of complementary malaria control strategies in the context of insecticide resistance in vectors in Northern Côte d’Ivoire
No full textL’expansion de la résistance des vecteurs aux pyréthrinoïdes et le ralentissement des progrès obtenus récemment dans la lutte contre le paludisme en Afrique mettent en exergue le besoin urgent de déployer des stratégies complémentaires aux moustiquaires imprégnées d’insecticide à longue durée d’action (MILDA) pour accélérer la réduction du poids de la maladie. Les stratégies telles que le renforcement de l’Information, l’Education et la Communication (IEC), les pulvérisations intradomiciliaires (PID) et la lutte anti-larvaire (LAL) à base du Bacillus thuringiensis isralensis (Bti) sont disponibles mais le réel bénéfice de leur utilisation en combinaison aux MILDA reste à démontrer. L’objectif principal du présent travail a été de mesurer l’impact additionnel de ces trois stratégies sur la transmission des Plasmodium spp. à travers un essai contrôlé randomisé mené dans 28 villages du district sanitaire de Korhogo, au Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire, une zone de résistance des vecteurs aux pyréthrinoïdes. En amont du déploiement de ces interventions, mon travail de thèse a d’abord permis 1) l’étude de l’efficacité d’une nouvelle formulation de larvicide en conditions semi-contrôlées ; 2) l’étude de la bionomique des anophèles vecteurs, des mécanismes de résistance aux insecticides et de la transmission des Plasmodium spp et 3) l’identification et la caractérisation des gîtes larvaires d’anophèles dans la zone d’étude. Le suivi post-intervention a permis de montrer 1) une réduction de la densité agressive des vecteurs (69%) cinq mois après le démarrage de la stratégie IEC, de l’indice sporozoïtique (84%) et du TIE (86%) dans le bras MILDA + IEC par rapport au bras MILDA seules ; 2) une réduction de la densité agressive des vecteurs deux mois (72%) et quatre mois (69%) après la mise en place de la PID puis du TIE (62%) dans le bras MILDA + PID par rapport au bras MILDA seules ; 3) une réduction de la densité agressive des vecteurs (95%) trois mois après le démarrage de la LAL et du TIE (88%) dans le bras MILDA + LAL par rapport au bras MILDA seules. Ces résultats montrent que les stratégies IEC, PID et LAL sont des stratégies complémentaires efficaces pour réduire l’intensité de la transmission à Korhogo. L’analyse des données épidémiologiques de l’essai permettra de mieux apprécier le bénéfice additionnel de ces stratégies sur le poids du paludisme.The spread of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors and the stalling of recent progress in malaria control in Africa highlight the urgent need to deploy complementary strategies to long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to accelerate the reduction in the disease burden. Strategies such as strengthened Information, Education and Communication (IEC), Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) and larviciding with Bacillus thuringiensis isralensis (Bti) are available but the actual benefit of their use in combination with LLINs remains to be demonstrated. The main objective of this work was to measure the additional impact of these three strategies on malaria transmission through a randomized controlled trial run in 28 villages in the health district of Korhogo, northern Côte d’Ivoire, an area of vector resistance to pyrethroids. Prior to the deployment of these strategies, my work allowed us to 1) assess the efficacy of a new larvicide formulation under semi-field conditions; 2) study vector bionomics, insecticide resistance mechanisms and malaria transmission; 3) identify and characterize Anopheles spp. breeding habitats in the study area. Data from post-intervention surveys showed 1) a reduction of vector density (69%) five months after the beginning of the IEC strategy, of sporozoïte rate (84%) and of IER (86%) in the LLIN+IEC arm relative to the LLIN alone arm; 2) a reduction of vector density at months two (72%) and four post-IRS (69%) and of EIR (62%) in the LLIN+IRS arm relative to the LLIN alone arm; 3) a reduction of vector density (95%) three months after the beginning of larviciding intervention and of IER (88%) in the LLIN + larviciding arm relative to the LLIN alone arm. These results provide evidence that IEC, IRS and larviciding are effective complementary strategies to reduce transmission intensity in Korhogo. Analysis of epidemiological data collected during the trial will allow a better understanding of the additional benefit of these strategies on the malaria burden
Effects of pesticide residues in soil substrates on the biology cycle of Aedes aegypti from three different setting zones in Benin
No full text<p>In order to evaluate the effects of insecticides residues in soil substrates on the biology cycle of <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, we conducted a study in three ecological zones: urban areas (Dandji, southern Benin with few agriculture activities), peri urban areas (Awaya, central of Benin with agriculture practices), and forests (Kaoura, northern Benin with few agriculture activities). These areas were chosen because they provided an ideal environment for the development of <i>Aedes aegypti</i>. The purpose of this study is to look for insecticide residues that may have detrimental impacts on the biology cycle of <i>A. aegypti</i>. Indirect bioassays were used to investigate the factors affecting mosquito larvae's ability to develop normally at breeding sites, their rate of growth, and their ability to produce an adequate number of larvae. Due to the absence of an HPLC equipment for the direct detection of pesticide residues in samples, <i>A. aegypti</i> larvae at breeding sites were reconstituted using water and soil samples obtained at each study site. A comparison of the larval growth in test breeding locations was made using the reference strain SBE as a control. The different bioassays demonstrate the existence of inhibitory elements on test materials. In control samples, larval development was observed to be normal. However, when the breeding sites were established with just a few grams of soil samples from the three study sites, it was found that the <i>A. aegypti</i> eggs had a poor hatching rate, along with sluggish larval development and a low production of adult mosquitoes from hatched eggs. The findings of this study indicate that toxic substances that prevent <i>A. aegypti</i> eggs from hatching and larvae from growing are most likely leftover pesticides from agricultural operations. In order to quantify the toxic factors likely to affect the biology parameters of <i>A. aegypti</i> cited above, these results must be validated using HPLC techniques.</p><p>published by the <a href="https://innspub.net/journal-of-biodiversity-and-environmental-sciences/"><strong>Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)</strong></a></p><p><br> </p>
- …
