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Mjólkurfóðrun lamba
No full textHérlendis er lítið vitað um eldi íslenskra lamba sem ganga ekki undir mæðrum sínum. Þessi rannsókn er sú fyrsta í sínum flokki til þess að skilgreina heppilegar aðferðir við fóðrun og uppeldi móðurlausra lamba þannig úr verði meðaldilkar. Í þessari rannsókn er borinn saman árangur við mjólkurfóðrun í 5 vikur og í 7 vikur. Samanburður var einnig gerður á milli lamba á lambafóstru og lamba sem ganga undir móður.
Rannsókn var gerð á tímabilinu 9. maí 2016 til 21. október 2016. Tvílembings lömb undan gemlingum voru notuð í rannsókninni. Annað lambið gekk undir móður allt tímabilið og hitt lambið var tekið undan 48 klukkustundum eftir burð og sett á lambafóstru. Lömbin sem voru á lambafóstrunni fengu frjálsan aðgang að mjólk, kjarnfóðri, vatni og heyi.
Lömb í báðum meðferðum hættu á lambafóstru 27.júní og fóru á beit 29. júní með 1 ha af grænfóðri til að venjast því þar til þau færu á grænfóðurbeit þegar grænfóðrið væri tilbúið seinna um sumarið. 24. ágúst voru lömbin sett í annað hólf þar sem grænfóður var stærstur hluti beitarinnar en höfðu aðgang að annarri beit til að beitin yrði ekki einsleit.
Lömb voru vigtuð á um tveggja vikna fresti þegar á mjólkurfóðrun stóð. Þau voru vigtuð þegar þau voru færð á aðra beit og svo tveimur dögum fyrir slátrun.
Niðurstöðurnar gáfu til kynna að ekki væri marktækur munur (p>0,05) á milli lamba sem voru á mjólk í 5/6 vikur og lamba sem voru á mjólk í 7 vikur. Hagstæðara er því að gefa lömb mjólk í 5/6 vikur og setja þau á beit og gefa kjarnfóður með. Það þyrfti að þróa aðferð til að kenna lömbum að éta kjarnfóður með mjólkurgjöf betur og skoða þarf margt annað til að finna aðferð sem hentar íslensku sauðkindinni
Mjólkurfóðrun lamba
No full textHérlendis er lítið vitað um eldi íslenskra lamba sem ganga ekki undir mæðrum sínum. Þessi rannsókn er sú fyrsta í sínum flokki til þess að skilgreina heppilegar aðferðir við fóðrun og uppeldi móðurlausra lamba þannig úr verði meðaldilkar. Í þessari rannsókn er borinn saman árangur við mjólkurfóðrun í 5 vikur og í 7 vikur. Samanburður var einnig gerður á milli lamba á lambafóstru og lamba sem ganga undir móður.
Rannsókn var gerð á tímabilinu 9. maí 2016 til 21. október 2016. Tvílembings lömb undan gemlingum voru notuð í rannsókninni. Annað lambið gekk undir móður allt tímabilið og hitt lambið var tekið undan 48 klukkustundum eftir burð og sett á lambafóstru. Lömbin sem voru á lambafóstrunni fengu frjálsan aðgang að mjólk, kjarnfóðri, vatni og heyi.
Lömb í báðum meðferðum hættu á lambafóstru 27.júní og fóru á beit 29. júní með 1 ha af grænfóðri til að venjast því þar til þau færu á grænfóðurbeit þegar grænfóðrið væri tilbúið seinna um sumarið. 24. ágúst voru lömbin sett í annað hólf þar sem grænfóður var stærstur hluti beitarinnar en höfðu aðgang að annarri beit til að beitin yrði ekki einsleit.
Lömb voru vigtuð á um tveggja vikna fresti þegar á mjólkurfóðrun stóð. Þau voru vigtuð þegar þau voru færð á aðra beit og svo tveimur dögum fyrir slátrun.
Niðurstöðurnar gáfu til kynna að ekki væri marktækur munur (p>0,05) á milli lamba sem voru á mjólk í 5/6 vikur og lamba sem voru á mjólk í 7 vikur. Hagstæðara er því að gefa lömb mjólk í 5/6 vikur og setja þau á beit og gefa kjarnfóður með. Það þyrfti að þróa aðferð til að kenna lömbum að éta kjarnfóður með mjólkurgjöf betur og skoða þarf margt annað til að finna aðferð sem hentar íslensku sauðkindinni
Lokalize vitiligoda 308 NM excimer lamba monoterapisi ile excimer lamba+takrolimus ve excimer lamba+klobetazol 17-propiyonat tedavilerinin etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması
No full textVitiligo etyolojisi bilinmeyen bir depigmentasyon hastalığıdır. Son yıllarda, lokalize vitiligoda excimer ışık tedavileri etkinliğinin yüksek olması ve yan etkilerinin az olması nedeniyle ön plana çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızda amacımız vitiligoda excimer lamba tedavisinin etkinliğini ve bu tedavinin klobetazol 17-propiyonat %0.05 veya takrolimus %0.1 pomad ile kombinasyonunun etkinliklerini retrospektif olarak değerlendirmekti. Değerlendirme yöntemi olarak Corel Draw X7 bilgisayar programı kullanılarak dijital morfometrik analiz yapılmıştır. Hastaların tedavi öncesi ve 24 seans sonrasında çekilen resimleri karşılaştırılarak iyileşme oranları hesaplanmıştır. Excimer lamba grubunda (n=30) ortalama iyileşme oranı %42.5, excimer lamba+kortikosteroid grubunda (n=23) %44, excimer lamba+takrolimus grubunda (n=29) %69'du. Çalışmamızda excimer lambanın takrolimus %0.01 pomad ile kombinasyonu; excimer lamba monoterapisi ve excimer lambanın klobetazol 17 propiyonat %0.05 pomad ile kombinasyonundan daha etkili bulunmuştur (p=0,08 ve P=0,032). Excimer lamba+kortikosteroid grubunda ortalama kümülatif UV dozu (40200 mJ/cm2), excimer lamba (33050 mJ/cm2) ve excimer lamba+takrolimus grubundan (33800 mJ/cm2) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Çalışmamızda yaş, hastalık süresi tedavi yanıtını ters orantılı olarak etkilerken; cinsiyet, tedavi öyküsü, deri fototipi tedavi yanıtını etkilememiştir. Lezyon lokalizasyonunun ise tedavi yanıtını etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden biri olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yaş, hastalık süresi, kümülatif UV dozu gibi karıştırıcı faktörlere göre düzeltme yapıldığında sırasıyla yüz (n=24), gövde (n=19), ekstremite (n=16) lezyonları olan hastalarda el-ayak lezyonu olan hastalara (n=23) göre iyileşme oranları daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,01). Sonuç olarak vitiligoda excimer lamba tedavisi etkili bir tedavidir, tedaviye topikal takrolimus %0.1 veya klobetazol 17-propiyonat %0.05 pomad eklenmesiyle daha iyi iyileşme oranları sağlanabilmektedir.Vitiligo is a depigmentation disease of unknown etiology. In recent years excimer light treatments have come to the fore in localized vitiligo because of their high efficacy and few side effects. In our study we aimed to evaluate retrospectively the effectiveness of excimer lamp and the combination of this treatment with clobetasol 17-propionate or tacrolimus %0.1 ointment in vitiligo. Digital morphometric analysis was made using the Corel Draw X7 computer program as an evaluation method. The photographs of the patients taken before the treatment and after 24 sessions were compared to calculate repigmentation rates. The mean repigmentation rate was %42.5 for the excimer lamp group (n=30), %44 for the excimer lamp+corticosteroid group (n=23) and %69 for the excimer lamp+tacrolimus group (n=29). In our study the combination of excimer lamp with topical tacrolimus %0.01 ointment was more effective than excimer lamp monotheraphy and the combination of excimer lamp with clobetasol 17-propionate %0.05 ointment (p=0,08 and p=0,032). The mean cumulative UV dose of excimer lamp+corticosteroid group (40200 mJ/cm2) was higher than excimer lamp (33050 mJ/cm2) and excimer lamp+tacrolimus group (33800 mJ/cm2) (p<0,001). In our study, age and disease duration were reversely proportional with repigmentation rates, however, gender, previous treatments, skin phototype did not affect repigmentation rates. Localisation of the lesions was concluded to be one of the most important factors affecting the treatment responses. When confounding factors such as age, disease duration, cumulative UV dose were adjusted, repigmentation rates of the patients who had lesions on the face (n=24), trunk (n=19), extremity (n=16) were higher than the patients who had lesions on hands and feet (n=23) (p<0,01). In conclusion, excimer lamp therapy is an effective treatment in vitiligo and when it's combined topical tacrolimus %0.1 ointment or clobetasol 17-propionate %0.05 ointment, better repigmentation rates can be obtained
Early response to trazodone once-A-day in major depressive disorder: Review of the clinical data and putative mechanism for faster onset of action
No full textBackground Most antidepressants have a delayed onset of action and must be administered for several weeks to generate therapeutic effects. Trazodone is a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder. The once-A-day (OAD) formulation of trazodone has an improved tolerability profile compared to its conventional formulations. In this study, we systematically reviewed the evidence available for the antidepressant efficacy and early improvement in depressive symptoms with trazodone OAD treatment. Method We conducted a PubMed database search for randomized controlled trials published from 2005 to 2020. Results Two studies, a placebo-controlled and an active-comparator (venlafaxine extended-release or XR) study were found. Both the studies demonstrated that trazodone exhibits antidepressant activity at a starting dose of 150Â mg/day and results in statistically significant greater reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) scores within 1Â week of starting treatment compared to placebo or venlafaxine XR (PA
Wykrywanie uszkodzeń przy pomocy fal Lamba - kompensacja wpływu temperatury oparta o metodę kointegracji
No full textThe paper presents an application of the cointegration technique for temperature effect removal in Lamb wave data. The method is based on the analysis of cointegration residuals and stationary statistical characteristics. The experimental results on Lamb wave responses from undamaged and damaged aluminium plates show that the cointegration process can remove undesired temperature effects and accurately detect damage.Fale Lamba stosowane są do wykrywania uszkodzeń w konstrukcjach płytowych. Wpływ temperatury na amplitudę oraz fazę fal Lamba jest jedną z głównych przeszkód w powszechnym zastosowaniu tej metody w praktyce inżynierskiej. W pracy zastosowano metodę kointegracji do kompensacji wpływu temperatury na propagację fal Lamba. Metoda oparta jest na badaniu stacjonarności sygnałów. Zastosowane podejście pokazane jest na przykładzie wykrywania szczelin zmęczeniowych w płytach aluminiowych. Wyniki pokazują, że metoda kointegracji skutecznie usuwa z fal Lamba wszystkie efekty związane z wpływem temperatury, przyczyniając się do wykrycia badanych uszkodzeń
Quality Characteristics of Lamba as Affected by Different Cereal and Legume Flour Blends
No full textTraditional foods are preserved cultural heritage passed down from generation to generation, and their recipes have remained unchanged for centuries. Lamba is a traditional food processed from the blends of maize, cowpea and karkashi (false sesame leaves). However, if prepared and consumed, lamba enriched with different flour blends will provide a healthy alternative to consumers. This study aimed to prepare and evaluate the quality of lamba produced from wheat – cowpea – karkashi (Wck), wheat– soybeans – karkashi (Wsk) and lastly, wheat –bambara groundnut– karkashi (wbk) flour blends in three different ratios, (70:20:10, 60:30:10 and 50:40:10) where maize-cowpea -karkashi (Mck) is the control (in the ratio of 70:20:10). The total of ten (10) different samples were produced including the control. Proximate composition, functional and microbial content of lamba samples were determined. The proximate composition of the lamba such as moisture, protein, fat, ash, crude fiber and carbohydrate ranged from .40 –9.92%, 7.92 – 15.39%, 3.82 – 9.25%, 2.78 – 3.48%, 2.03 – 3.55% and 64.24 – 73.55% respectively. Subsequently, there are significant differences (p≤0.05) between the functional properties such as wettability, bulk density, water absorption capacity and swelling index of the flour blends which ranged from 50.13 – 68.18 sec, 0.60 – 0.76 g/ml, 58.93 – 105.58 %, 1.36 – 2.15% respectively. Also, wettability, bulk density, water absorption capacity and swelling index have been determined and the control sample (Mck) had the highest. Similarly, microbiological analysis shows the bacterial load ranged from 4.9 ×104 – 8.1 × 104 cfu/g and sample Wbk 3 had the highest Mck (control sample) had the lowest. However, there was no significant difference between all the remaining samples. additionally, fungal load ranged from 1.6 × 10 5 – 4.4 × 105 cfu/g and sample Wsk 2 had the highest fungal count while sample Wbk 3 had the lowest. Sensory attributes of lamba were evaluated ranging from 5.09 – 6.13 for texture, 5.01– 6.38 for aroma, 4.92 – 7.98 for taste, 4.61 – 6.08 for colour and 5.18 – 8.49 for overall acceptability. The study shows that lamba produced from different ratio of wheat, soybean, cowpea, bambara groundnut and karkashi contains higher nutritive value. It is also acceptable as compared to lamba produced from maize, cowpea and karkashi. Therefore, this study recommends that the blend of 60% wheat, 30% soybeans and 10% karkashi (Wsk 2) can be used for the production of lamba with the desired nutritional and sensory quality as alternative to soybean
Lamba values for eye, orbit, and life history variables under study.
No full text<p>Lamba values for eye, orbit, and life history variables under study.</p
Early diagnosis and treatment in a child with foodborne botulism
No full textIntroduction Foodborne botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by ingestion of food contaminated with botulinum toxins. Despite rare the mortality rate is high if untreated. Diagnosis of botulism is still a challenge for clinician, due to the variability of clinical manifestations and disease course. We report on a child with type B botulin intoxication who was early diagnosed and treated underlining that clinical suspicion is crucial to start prompt treatment. Case presentation An 11-year-old boy presented with bilateral ptosis and mydriasis, dry mouth, difficulty in swallowing, dysphonia, urine retention and constipation. Clear sensorium and no fever were observed. Immediately the suspicion of botulism was risen and botulinum antitoxin was administered. 3 days later serum and rectal samples tested positive for Clostridium botulinum. The patient completely recovered when discharged from hospital. Discussion Foodborne botulism is still possible in developed countries. The confirmation test of botulism requires some days. To avoid long delays between intoxication and diagnosis prompt clinical suspicion is thus crucial. The outcome depends on rapid implementation of appropriate management with intensive respiratory care and antitoxin administration
Cooperating Agents for 3D Scientific Data Interpretation
No full textMany organizations collect vast quantities of three-dimensional (3-D) scientific data in volumetric form for a range of purposes, including resource exploration, market forecasting, and process modelling. Traditionally, these data have been interpreted by human experts with only minimal software assistance. However, such manual interpretation is a painstakingly slow and tedious process. Moreover, since interpretation involves subjective judgements and each interpreter has different scientific knowledge and experience, formulation of an effective interpretation often requires the cooperation of numerous such experts. Hence, there is a pressing need for a software system in which individual interpretations can be generated automatically and then refined through the use of cooperative reasoning and information sharing. To this end, a prototype system, SurfaceMapper, has been developed in which a community of cooperating software agents automatically locate and display interpretations in a volume of 3-D scientific data. The challenges and experiences in designing and building such a system are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the agents' interactions and an empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of different cooperation strategies is presented
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