1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Grafting of a bioactive polymer on silicone implants to improve the biological response
No full textDans ces travaux, nous avons développé une méthode simple qui a permis la fonctionnalisation des surfaces de silicone par le poly(styrène sulfonate) de sodium - polyNaSS grâce à la seule utilisation des irradiations UV à 365 nm. D'une part, pour activer la surface avec la création de groupements hydroxyles, et d'autre part, pour amorcer la polymérisation radicalaire en solution. Au contact de cellules fibroblastiques L929, les surfaces fonctionnalisées ont permis une viabilité cellulaire augmentée avec des taux de survie supérieurs à 100% en comparaison avec des surfaces non modifiées. D'un point de vue morphologique, en présence du polyNaSS, les fibroblastes adoptent leurs formes actives c'est-à-dire totalement allongées et étirées sur la surface.D'un point de vue mécanique, les irradiations UV connues pour leurs effets de réticulation et de vieillissement n'ont montré aucun impact significatif sur le module d'élasticité et le taux de réticulation avant et après modifications. Enfin, en complément des travaux ultérieurs du laboratoire où le rôle de la fibronectine dans l'adhésion cellulaire et la réponse bactérienne a été mise en évidence, nous avons montré avec la microscopie à force atomique un changement de la conformation de la protéine au contact d'une surface greffée avec un passage d'une structure fibrillaire à globulaire. Malgré le changement de conformation rendant moins visibles les domaines d'attachement aux adhésines des bactéries, les domaines RGD de la FN restent visibles aux intégrines des cellules ce qui assure leur attachement et prolifération. Pour conclure, le greffage du polyNaSS à la surface de silicone consiste en une stratégie prometteuse pour lutter contre les issues bactériennes tout en améliorant la biocompatibilité. Cette stratégie ouvre la voie à d'autres applications biomédicales employant aussi le silicone comme matériau.In this work, we have successfully developed a simple way to graft a bioactive polymer carrying sulfonate groups, the poly(styrene sodium sulfonate) ? polyNaSS, on silicone surfaces using UV irradiations at 365 nm. Firstly, to activate the surface by creating hydroxyls groups and secondly, to initiate the surface polymerization of NaSS monomers in an aqueous solution.Once in contact with L929 fibroblasts, grafted surfaces have allowed improving morphologies of these cells. Observed elongated or spindle-shaped forms have highlighted the grafted surface's suitability. From a mechanical point of view, UV irradiations largely known for material aging have been demonstrated alteration-free on the elasticity modulus and crosslinking densities before and after surface modifications. Finally, complementary to the laboratory's previous work, the fibronectin's role in the adhesion and the bacterial response with the presence of polyNaSS has been highlighted. We have shown a modification of FN conformation in the presence of polyNaSS using atomic microscopy with a transition from a fibrillar to a globular structure. Moreover, the presence of fibronectin has allowed higher cell density. Despite the conformation change of the protein hiding its attachments sites to bacteria adhesines, their RGD domains responsible for cell attachment remain available to cells' integrins allowing their attachments and proliferation. To sum up, the grafting of polyNaSS on silicone surfaces consists of a promising strategy to overcome bacterial issues while improving the material's biocompatibility. This method opens up solutions for other applications involving silicone as the main compound
Greffage de polymères bioactifs sur des implants en silicone afin d'améliorer l'activité biologique
No full textIn this work, we have successfully developed a simple way to graft a bioactive polymer carrying sulfonate groups, the poly(styrene sodium sulfonate) ? polyNaSS, on silicone surfaces using UV irradiations at 365 nm. Firstly, to activate the surface by creating hydroxyls groups and secondly, to initiate the surface polymerization of NaSS monomers in an aqueous solution.Once in contact with L929 fibroblasts, grafted surfaces have allowed improving morphologies of these cells. Observed elongated or spindle-shaped forms have highlighted the grafted surface's suitability. From a mechanical point of view, UV irradiations largely known for material aging have been demonstrated alteration-free on the elasticity modulus and crosslinking densities before and after surface modifications. Finally, complementary to the laboratory's previous work, the fibronectin's role in the adhesion and the bacterial response with the presence of polyNaSS has been highlighted. We have shown a modification of FN conformation in the presence of polyNaSS using atomic microscopy with a transition from a fibrillar to a globular structure. Moreover, the presence of fibronectin has allowed higher cell density. Despite the conformation change of the protein hiding its attachments sites to bacteria adhesines, their RGD domains responsible for cell attachment remain available to cells' integrins allowing their attachments and proliferation. To sum up, the grafting of polyNaSS on silicone surfaces consists of a promising strategy to overcome bacterial issues while improving the material's biocompatibility. This method opens up solutions for other applications involving silicone as the main compound.Dans ces travaux, nous avons développé une méthode simple qui a permis la fonctionnalisation des surfaces de silicone par le poly(styrène sulfonate) de sodium - polyNaSS grâce à la seule utilisation des irradiations UV à 365 nm. D'une part, pour activer la surface avec la création de groupements hydroxyles, et d'autre part, pour amorcer la polymérisation radicalaire en solution. Au contact de cellules fibroblastiques L929, les surfaces fonctionnalisées ont permis une viabilité cellulaire augmentée avec des taux de survie supérieurs à 100% en comparaison avec des surfaces non modifiées. D'un point de vue morphologique, en présence du polyNaSS, les fibroblastes adoptent leurs formes actives c'est-à-dire totalement allongées et étirées sur la surface.D'un point de vue mécanique, les irradiations UV connues pour leurs effets de réticulation et de vieillissement n'ont montré aucun impact significatif sur le module d'élasticité et le taux de réticulation avant et après modifications. Enfin, en complément des travaux ultérieurs du laboratoire où le rôle de la fibronectine dans l'adhésion cellulaire et la réponse bactérienne a été mise en évidence, nous avons montré avec la microscopie à force atomique un changement de la conformation de la protéine au contact d'une surface greffée avec un passage d'une structure fibrillaire à globulaire. Malgré le changement de conformation rendant moins visibles les domaines d'attachement aux adhésines des bactéries, les domaines RGD de la FN restent visibles aux intégrines des cellules ce qui assure leur attachement et prolifération. Pour conclure, le greffage du polyNaSS à la surface de silicone consiste en une stratégie prometteuse pour lutter contre les issues bactériennes tout en améliorant la biocompatibilité. Cette stratégie ouvre la voie à d'autres applications biomédicales employant aussi le silicone comme matériau
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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