1,721,066 research outputs found
Perspectives des libérés conditionnels présentant une double problématique de délinquance et de consommation d'alcool et/ou de drogues
Get PDFRapport de stage présenté à la Faculté des arts et des sciences en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en criminologieAfin de produire le présent rapport, l’auteure a fait un stage au bureau de libération conditionnelle du secteur Ville-Marie en tant qu’agente de libération conditionnelle. Elle désirait mieux comprendre et analyser la relation pouvant exister entre la drogue et la délinquance, mais du point de vue des libérés conditionnels. Pour ce faire, six individus ont été rencontrés afin qu’ils nous transmettent leur récit de vie.
Pour commencer, il a été question d’aborder l’univers de la consommation, notamment le contexte et la motivation d’un individu à s’initier à une consommation de stupéfiants. Ensuite, les différents comportements associés à la consommation ont été traités : la fréquence, l’intensité ainsi que la voie d’administration. Par la suite, il a été demandé à ces individus d’expliquer, selon leur expérience, la relation qui existait entre leur toxicomanie et leur délinquance. Les différents modèles explicatifs dans la littérature scientifique collent-ils avec leur réalité? Pour finir, les six interviewés ont expliqué en quoi consistait leur processus de changement ainsi que leur situation actuelle de libéré conditionnel. Quels sont les enjeux d’un retour en société? Parallèlement, l’auteure a voulu analyser l’impact des programmes correctionnels sur le processus de changement des contrevenants-toxicomanes.
Tout compte fait, le groupe étudié a permis de confirmer d’abord et avant tout la complexité de la relation drogue et délinquance.In order to produce the present report, the author completed an internship at Ville Marie Area Parole Office as a Parole Officer. She desired to better understand and analyze the relationship that may exist between drugs and delinquency but from the point of view of the parolees. To do this, six offenders were interviewed in order for them to share their life stories.
It seemed natural to begin this report by first exploring the world of drug use, including contextual and motivational factors that influence and individual to begin using drugs. As well, different associated behaviours were studied such as the frequency and intensity of use, as well as administration routes. Subsequently, the participants were asked to explain, in their eyes, the relationship that exists between their substance abuse and delinquency. Do the different explicative models in the scientific literature correlate with their reality? Lastly, the six participants explained their process of change and their current situation on parole. What are the challenges of returning to society? In parallel, the author wanted to analyze the impact of correctional programs on the process of change of the substance abusing offenders.
All in all, the group studied permitted first and foremost to confirm the complexity of the link between drugs and delinquency
Perspectives des libérés conditionnels présentant une double problématique de délinquance et de consommation d'alcool et/ou de drogues
Get PDFRapport de stage présenté à la Faculté des arts et des sciences en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en criminologieAfin de produire le présent rapport, l’auteure a fait un stage au bureau de libération conditionnelle du secteur Ville-Marie en tant qu’agente de libération conditionnelle. Elle désirait mieux comprendre et analyser la relation pouvant exister entre la drogue et la délinquance, mais du point de vue des libérés conditionnels. Pour ce faire, six individus ont été rencontrés afin qu’ils nous transmettent leur récit de vie.
Pour commencer, il a été question d’aborder l’univers de la consommation, notamment le contexte et la motivation d’un individu à s’initier à une consommation de stupéfiants. Ensuite, les différents comportements associés à la consommation ont été traités : la fréquence, l’intensité ainsi que la voie d’administration. Par la suite, il a été demandé à ces individus d’expliquer, selon leur expérience, la relation qui existait entre leur toxicomanie et leur délinquance. Les différents modèles explicatifs dans la littérature scientifique collent-ils avec leur réalité? Pour finir, les six interviewés ont expliqué en quoi consistait leur processus de changement ainsi que leur situation actuelle de libéré conditionnel. Quels sont les enjeux d’un retour en société? Parallèlement, l’auteure a voulu analyser l’impact des programmes correctionnels sur le processus de changement des contrevenants-toxicomanes.
Tout compte fait, le groupe étudié a permis de confirmer d’abord et avant tout la complexité de la relation drogue et délinquance.In order to produce the present report, the author completed an internship at Ville Marie Area Parole Office as a Parole Officer. She desired to better understand and analyze the relationship that may exist between drugs and delinquency but from the point of view of the parolees. To do this, six offenders were interviewed in order for them to share their life stories.
It seemed natural to begin this report by first exploring the world of drug use, including contextual and motivational factors that influence and individual to begin using drugs. As well, different associated behaviours were studied such as the frequency and intensity of use, as well as administration routes. Subsequently, the participants were asked to explain, in their eyes, the relationship that exists between their substance abuse and delinquency. Do the different explicative models in the scientific literature correlate with their reality? Lastly, the six participants explained their process of change and their current situation on parole. What are the challenges of returning to society? In parallel, the author wanted to analyze the impact of correctional programs on the process of change of the substance abusing offenders.
All in all, the group studied permitted first and foremost to confirm the complexity of the link between drugs and delinquency
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Facteurs de risque liés à la criminalité violente chez les contrevenants psychotiques des prisons québécoises
Get PDFAu cours des dernières décennies, de nombreuses études ont confirmé l’existence d’une relation entre les troubles mentaux graves et persistants (TMGP) et la commission de crimes violents. Les facteurs de risque associés à la violence chez les gens atteints de TMGP sont la consommation d’alcool ou de drogues, la dépression et les troubles de personnalité. Cependant, aucune étude n’a été faite auprès des détenus des prisons québécoises, c’est-à-dire, des détenus qui purgent des sentences de courte durée, afin de voir si ces constats s’appliquent aussi à cette population. La présente étude tente de vérifier si les mêmes facteurs de risque sont liés à la violence chez les détenus psychotiques des prisons du Québec. Les dossiers de la RAMQ et du système DACOR de 121 détenus ont été analysés afin de répondre à la question de recherche. Tout d’abord, des analyses statistiques descriptives et bivariées ont été effectuées. Par la suite, des régressions logistiques ont été menées afin d’identifier les meilleurs prédicteurs de comportements violents chez les contrevenants psychotiques des prisons québécoises. Il semble que ce soit davantage les antécédents judiciaires ainsi que la médication psychotrope qui a été prescrite, plutôt que les diagnostics de troubles mentaux comorbides, qui distinguent les détenus psychotiques violents des non-violents dans les prisons québécoises. Une explication possible à cette observation est que les médecins prescriraient plus en fonction de la présence de certains symptômes spécifiques qu’en fonction des diagnostics de l’axe I ou de l’axe II. Enfin, des différences significatives sont présentes entre les hommes et les femmes.During the past decades, many studies have confirmed the existence of a relationship between severe and persistent mental disorders (SPMD) and the commission of violent crimes. Risk factors associated with violence in mentally disordered violent offenders are: alcohol and drug consumption, depression and personality disorders. However, no study has been conducted among inmates serving short sentences in Québec’s jails, to see if these findings apply to them. Our study attempts to verify whether the same risk factors are associated with violence among psychotic inmates of Quebec’s correctional facilities. The RAMQ and DACOR files of 121 incarcerated offenders were analyzed to answer the research question. To begin, descriptive and bi-variate analyses were conducted. Then, logistic regressions were carried out to identify the best predictors of violent behaviours among Québec’s psychotic offenders. It seems that it is criminal antecedents and psychotropic drugs rather than comorbid mental disorders that distinguish the violent from the non-violent psychotic offenders in Québec’s jails. A possible explanation for this observation is that physicians prescribe drugs in function of the presence of specific symptoms rather than in function of axis I or axis II diagnosis. Moreover, significant differences were found between men and women
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