64 research outputs found
THE FUTURE OF THE SAFE RULE AND ACHIEVING MORE CLIMATE-FRIENDLY CAFE REGULATIONS
No full textOn April 30, 2020, the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”) issued a final rule called the “Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient Vehicles Rule for Model Years 2021-2026 Passenger and Light Trucks” (“SAFE Rule”) to amend the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (“CAFE”) ratings. CAFE standards are regulations first enacted nearly fifty years ago to promote greater fuel efficiency in car manufacturing through a system of incentives and penalties. While the CAFE standards have been revised many times over the years, the SAFE Rule rolled back the more stringent 2012 CAFE standards that sought to align fuel efficiency with broader strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions to address global climate change. Now that President Biden has taken office, the SAFE Rule is undergoing review, which may result in a return to more stringent standards. However, even with a regulatory fix, the use of CAFE standards to combat climate change is likely to remain problematic.
This comment will explore the history of the CAFE standards and the SAFE Rule as they relate to efforts to promote fuel efficient vehicles and reduce GHG emissions. This begins with a brief overview of the CAFE standards, including the roles of the EPA and the NHTSA in administering the standards, why the CAFE standards were created, and how this relates to the regulation of GHG emissions to address climate change. Next, this comment will evaluate how past legal challenges have influenced the CAFE regulations and how the SAFE Rule fits into the resulting regulatory and legal framework. Finally, this comment will discuss how the Biden administration can respond to the SAFE Rule, and what this might mean for the future of fuel-efficient vehicles and the increasingly urgent need to reduce GHG emissions to address climate change
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THE FUTURE OF THE SAFE RULE AND ACHIEVING MORE CLIMATE-FRIENDLY CAFE REGULATIONS
No full textOn April 30, 2020, the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”) issued a final rule called the “Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient Vehicles Rule for Model Years 2021-2026 Passenger and Light Trucks” (“SAFE Rule”) to amend the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (“CAFE”) ratings. CAFE standards are regulations first enacted nearly fifty years ago to promote greater fuel efficiency in car manufacturing through a system of incentives and penalties. While the CAFE standards have been revised many times over the years, the SAFE Rule rolled back the more stringent 2012 CAFE standards that sought to align fuel efficiency with broader strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions to address global climate change. Now that President Biden has taken office, the SAFE Rule is undergoing review, which may result in a return to more stringent standards. However, even with a regulatory fix, the use of CAFE standards to combat climate change is likely to remain problematic.
This comment will explore the history of the CAFE standards and the SAFE Rule as they relate to efforts to promote fuel efficient vehicles and reduce GHG emissions. This begins with a brief overview of the CAFE standards, including the roles of the EPA and the NHTSA in administering the standards, why the CAFE standards were created, and how this relates to the regulation of GHG emissions to address climate change. Next, this comment will evaluate how past legal challenges have influenced the CAFE regulations and how the SAFE Rule fits into the resulting regulatory and legal framework. Finally, this comment will discuss how the Biden administration can respond to the SAFE Rule, and what this might mean for the future of fuel-efficient vehicles and the increasingly urgent need to reduce GHG emissions to address climate change
Aisopou Mythoi/Fabulae Aesopicae Graecae Quae Maximo Planudi Tribuuntur
No full textThe full title reads this way: Aisopou mythoi Fabulae Aesopicae Graecae quae Maximo Planudi tribuuntur ad veterum librorum fidem emendatas Ioannis Hudsonis suisque adnotationibus illustratas atque indice verborum locupletissimo instructas edidit Io. Michael Heusinger curavit et praefatus est Christ. Adolph. Klotzius. The book is easy to find online; it seems to be the only book that comes up if one Googles Wittekindt, although this edition may be a reprint of a 1770 edition also done by Wittekindt. The book has three parts: a lengthy unpaginated introduction; 120 pages of some 149 fables and their variants; and a Greek/Latin dictionary of all the vocables that occur in Aesop's fables. This third section has a two-page addition cataloguing items explained in the notes. The whole comes, online sources say, to 288 pages. The introductory section includes a preface by Klotz; a catalogue of manuscripts by Heusinger, a preface to the reader by Hudson; and sixty-eight ancient testimonies to Aesop and the fables. For those confused by the shortened and Latinized names on the title-page, here are more complete and modern names: Christian Adolph Klotz edited this book, following on the work of editor and commentator John Hudson with Johann Michael Heusinger's index verborum. The publisher is Johann Georg Ernst Wittekindt.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Language note: GreekJoannis Hudsonis, Io. Michael Heusinger, Christ. Adolph. Klotziu
Ludwig: The physiologist
No full textThe thought reproduced in the above epigraph is taken from an article by Thurau et al. [1], who attribute it to Arthur Schopenhauer (17881860), an outstanding philosopher and author of the far-reaching piece Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung (The World as Will and Representation). In German, it would perhaps read as etwas denken, das niemand vorher gedacht hat, während etwas sehen, was jeder sieht. We could not assert whether Schopenhauer really said that, but it should not be at all surprising if it were, because it sounds simple, perhaps even naïve, and very deep, indeed. It fits perfectly to Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwigs personality (18161895), whom we will look at as physiologist in this second note. Yes, second notebecause in the first one [2], we looked at him as bioengineer. A third and last Retrospectroscope column completing this series will deal with his wonderful and always humble and generous activities as teacher. © 2012 IEEE.Fil: Valentinuzzi, Maximo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Beneke, Klaus. Christin-Albrechts-University; AlemaniaFil: González, Germán Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; Argentin
Book of Abstracts of the Minisymposium on Publicly Available Geometric/Topological Software
No full textDisputatio Textualis De Donis, Et Vocatione Dei, Quorum Ipsum Non Poenitet : Ad Locum Rom. XI. vers. 29
No full textQuam, Favente Deo Opt. Maximo, Sub Præsidio ... Joh. Jacobi Hottingeri ..., Publicè ventilandam sistit, Petrus Jac. Nonius ... Cernetio-Engadinâ Rhætus, Author & Respondens, Ad Diem 9. Julii, H.L.Q.S.Diss. Hohe Schule Zürich, 171
“Love is...”: An Inaesthetic Inquiry on Love and Attention in Aureus Solito’s The Blossoming of Maximo Oliveros
No full textDrawing from Alain Badiou’s concept of inaesthetics, which proposes that art conditions philosophical thought, this essay offers an inaesthetic reading of The Blossoming of Maximo Oliveros (2005) and suggests that it is a film that offers enabling possibilities in the thinking of love by providing the spectator with a different experience of cinematic attention in the visual field. The author suggests that the film raises the philosophical question “What is love?” and attempts to answer the very question it poses through punctual encounters, which are moments of cinematic interruption—described by Roland Barthes as “what I add . . . and what nonetheless is already there” (A Lover’s Discourse 55)—that may offer opportunities for philosophical speculation. This essay further argues that those punctual moments initiate a new form of attention that is not sustained by “visual pleasure,” as theorized by Laura Mulvey, but by the “movement of thought” (Badiou, Cinema 17). The film uses that mode of attention as a way to think about love while also suggesting that love itself is a form of attention
Love is … : An inaesthetic inquiry on love and attention in Aureus Solito’s The blossoming of Maximo Oliveros
No full textDrawing from Alain Badiou’s concept of inaesthetics, which proposes that art conditions philosophical thought, this essay offers an inaesthetic reading of The Blossoming of Maximo Oliveros (2005) and suggests that it is a film that offers enabling possibilities in the thinking of love by providing the spectator with a different experience of cinematic attention in the visual field. The author suggests that the film raises the philosophical question “What is love?” and attempts to answer the very question it poses through punctual encounters, which are moments of cinematic interruption—described by Roland Barthes as “what I add… and what nonetheless is already there” (A Lover’s Discourse 55)—that may offer opportunities for philosophical speculation. This essay further argues that those punctual moments initiate a new form of attention that is not sustained by “visual pleasure,” as theorized by Laura Mulvey, but by the “movement of thought” (Badiou, Cinema 17). The film uses that mode of attention as a way to think about love while also suggesting that love itself is a form of attention. © Ateneo de Manila University
“Love Is…”: An Inaesthetic Inquiry on Love and Attention in Aureus Solito’s The Blossoming of Maximo Oliveros
No full textDrawing from Alain Badiou’s concept of inaesthetics, which proposes that art conditions philosophical thought, this essay offers an inaesthetic reading of The Blossoming of Maximo Oliveros (2005) and suggests that it is a film that offers enabling possibilities in the thinking of love by providing the spectator with a different experience of cinematic attention in the visual field. The author suggests that the film raises the philosophical question “What is love?” and attempts to answer the very question it poses through punctual encounters, which are moments of cinematic interruption—described by Roland Barthes as “what I add . . . and what nonetheless is already there” (A Lover’s Discourse 55)—that may offer opportunities for philosophical speculation. This essay further argues that those punctual moments initiate a new form of attention that is not sustained by “visual pleasure,” as theorized by Laura Mulvey, but by the “movement of thought” (Badiou, Cinema 17). The film uses that mode of attention as a way to think about love while also suggesting that love itself is a form of attention
Obesity enhances nongenomic estrogen receptor crosstalk with the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways to promote in vitro measures of breast cancer progression
No full textLaura W Bowers1, David A Cavazos1, Ilane XF Maximo1, Andrew J Brenner12, Stephen D Hursting13 and Linda A deGraffenried14*
Author Affiliations
1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin - DPRI, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, R1800, Austin, TX 78723-3092, USA
2 Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
3 Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center Science Park, 1808 Park Road 1C, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
4 Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USAIntroduction: Epidemiological and clinical studies indicate that obesity is associated with a worse postmenopausal breast cancer prognosis and an increased risk of endocrine therapy resistance. However, the mechanisms mediating these effects remain poorly understood. Here we investigate the molecular pathways by which obesity-associated circulating factors in the blood enhance estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) positive breast cancer cell viability and growth.
Methods: Blood serum was collected from postmenopausal breast cancer patients and pooled by body mass index (BMI) category (Control: 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2; Obese: ≥30.0 kg/m2). The effects of patient sera on MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell viability and growth were examined by MTT and colony formation assays, respectively. Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1(IGF-1R), Akt, and ERK1/2 activation and genomic ERα activity were assessed to determine their possible contribution to obese patient sera-induced cell viability and growth. To further define the relative contribution of these signaling pathways, cells grown in patient sera were treated with various combinations of ERα, PI3K/Akt and MAPK targeted therapies. Comparisons between cells exposed to different experimental conditions were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student's t test.
Results: Cells grown in media supplemented with obese patient sera displayed greater cell viability and growth as well as IGF-1R, Akt and ERK1/2 activation relative to control sera. Despite the lack of a significant difference in genomic ERα activity following growth in obese versus control patient sera, we observed a dramatic reduction in cell viability and growth after concurrent inhibition of the ERα and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Further, we demonstrated that ERα inhibition was sufficient to attenuate obese serum-induced Akt and ERK1/2 activation. Together, these data suggest that obesity promotes greater ERα positive breast cancer cell viability and growth through enhanced crosstalk between nongenomic ERα signaling and the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways.
Conclusions: Circulating factors in the serum of obese postmenopausal women stimulate ERα positive breast cancer cell viability and growth by facilitating non-genomic ERα crosstalk with the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. These findings provide valuable insight into one mechanism by which obesity may promote ERα positive postmenopausal breast cancer progression and endocrine therapy resistance.Nutritional [email protected]
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