1,720,960 research outputs found
Trans-Humanismo y Naturaleza Tecnologizada: Repensar la Trans-Naturaleza para transformar el Antropoceno
No full textAt the dawn of a new stage in the Anthropocene, marked by the advancement of information and communication technologies, robotics, hyperconnectivity through digital mobile devices, remote sensors, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence, science, philosophy, and society, in general, are beginning to question the ecological and ontological impacts of these technologies on human well-being as in nature well-being. In this context, this article, based on a bibliographic review of previous definitions and a holistic and biocentric approach that places nature at the center of the problem, seeks to contribute to the theoretical and philosophical discussion about the concept of ‘transnature’. Understanding ‘transnature’ as an alternative way from the one derived from the current dominant anthropocentric transhumanism approach. The idea is to contribute to the ethical and theoretical reflection on the human-technology-nature relationship in the context of the current poly-crisis, to encourage value and conceptual transformations that promote more promising futures for nature in its broad and complex notion that integrate both human and non-human beings.En los albores de una nueva etapa en el Antropoceno, marcada por el avance de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, la robótica, la hiperconectividad mediante dispositivos móviles digitales, los sensores remotos, la realidad virtual y la inteligencia artificial; la ciencia, la filosofía y la sociedad en general comienza a cuestionarse los impactos tanto ecológicos como ontológicos de estas tecnologías sobre el bienestar humano y el bienestar de la naturaleza. En este contexto, este artículo, elaborado a partir de una revisión bibliográfica de definiciones precedentes, sobre la base de un enfoque holístico y biocéntrico que posiciona a la naturaleza en el centro de la problemática, busca aportar a la discusión teórica y filosófica acerca del concepto de ‘transnaturaleza’. Entendiendo a la ‘transnaturaleza’ de una manera alternativa a la que se puede desprender desde el enfoque de transhumanismo antropocéntrico dominante vigente. Con esto se espera, aportar a la reflexión ética y teórica sobre la relación humano-tecnología-naturaleza en el contexto de la policrisis vigente, con el propósito de incentivar transformaciones valóricas y conceptuales que propicien futuros más auspiciosos para la naturaleza en su noción amplia y compleja que integra tanto a seres humanos como no humanos
Lineamientos para el fortalecimiento de la protección del humedal Laguna Torca, Vichuquén. Una perspectiva desde la gobernanza ambiental
Get PDFLa laguna Torca es uno de los humedales más importantes de la región del Maule, producto de las más de 90 especies de aves en diferentes categorías de conservación que habitan en él. No obstante, entre los años 2008 y 2016 se produjo un proceso de eutrofización, que ha afectado negativamente a la avifauna, la memoria colectiva de la comunidad local y a las activades turísticas locales. Esto, pese a que el humedal cuenta con las categorías de Santuario de la Naturaleza y Reserva Nacional y está bajo la administración de la Corporación Nacional Forestal.
El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo proponer lineamientos para el fortalecimiento de la protección del humedal Laguna Torca desde la perspectiva de la gobernanza ambiental. Para ello: (1) se analizó el marco normativo e indicativo aplicable y/o potencialmente aplicable a este ecosistema; (2) se analizó la red de actores con incidencia en la protección del humedal; y (3) se identificaron oportunidades y desafíos para la protección.
A nivel general, los resultados indican que existe un escenario desfavorable para la protección del humedal, debido a: una incipiente y desactualizada planificación territorial que impide otorgarle un ordenamiento al territorio, la ausencia del ecosistema en el marco indicativo regional y comunal, una administración que ha carecido de un rol protagónico en la protección, un sector privado que no se ha asociado con el sector público, una agrupación indígena que ha sido excluida de las instancias de participación, la falta de un canal de comunicación que sea reconocido por la red en su conjunto, y la presencia de acuerdos infructíferos que han impedido otorgar una solución efectiva al proceso de eutrofización. No obstante, también se identificaron oportunidades de protección en: la elaboración e implementación de instrumentos normativos e indicativos sinérgicos entre sí; la inclusión del cambio climático en la planificación territorial; potenciales agentes de cambio en la sociedad civil; un nuevo gobierno local preocupado por el medioambiente; la posibilidad de postular proyectos a fondos estatales; la creación de un sistema integrado de información ambiental; y el involucramiento de la comunidad en el desarrollo de un marco regulatorio afín al resguardo del humedal. Las oportunidades y desafíos confluyeron en cinco lineamientos de protección: (1) fortalecer la planificación territorial; (2) consolidar el liderazgo y la institucionalidad; (3) asegurar la sostenibilidad y solvencia de la protección; (4) estructurar un sistema de información y de comunicación coordinado y eficiente; y (5) desarrollar espacios para la participación ciudadana y construcción de acuerdos. Se sugiere que las orientaciones sean adoptadas desde una mirada estratégica e integral y no de forma separada.
Este estudio conforma un insumo para mejorar la gobernanza del humedal Laguna Torca y un set de aprendizajes para el resguardo de los humedales del país. Finalmente, se recomienda a próximos investigadores adoptar nuevas perspectivas en la proposición de orientaciones, tal como podría ser un enfoque de gobernanza climática.Laguna Torca is one of the most important wetlands in the Maule region, a product of the more than 90 species of birds in different conservation categories that inhabit it. However, between 2008 and 2016 there was a process of eutrophication, which has negatively affected the birdlife, the collective memory of the local community and local tourist activities. This, despite the fact that the wetland has the categories of Nature Sanctuary and National Reserve and is under the administration of the Corporación Nacional Forestal.
The objective of this study was to propose guidelines for strengthening the protection of the Laguna Torca wetland from the perspective of environmental governance. For this (1) the normative and indicative framework applicable and/or potentially applicable to this ecosystem was analyzed; (2) the network of actors with an impact on the protection of the wetland was analyzed; and (3) opportunities and challenges for protection were identified.
At a general level, the results indicate that there is an unfavorable scenario for the protection of the wetland, due to an incipient and outdated territorial planning that prevents granting a land order; the absence of the ecosystem in the regional and communal indicative framework; an administration that has lacked a leading role in protection; a private sector that has not partnered with the public sector; an indigenous group that has been excluded from the participation instances; the lack of a communication channel that is recognized by the network as a whole; and the presence of agreements that have prevented granting an effective solution to the eutrophication process. However, it was also possible to identify opportunities for protection in the preparation and implementation of normative and indicative instruments that are synergistic with each other; the inclusion of climate change in territorial planning; potential agents of change in civil society; a new local government interested in environmental protection; the possibility of applying for projects to state funds; the creation of an integrated environmental information system; and in the involvement of the community in the development of a regulatory framework related to the protection of the wetland. The opportunities and challenges came together in five protection guidelines: (1) strengthen territorial planning; (2) consolidate leadership and institutionality; (3) ensure the sustainability and solvency of protection; (4) structure a coordinated and efficient information and communication system; (5) develop spaces for citizen participation and conflict resolution. It is suggested that the guidelines be adopted from a strategic and comprehensive perspective and not separately.
This study forms an input to improve the governance of the system associated with the Laguna Torca wetland and a set of learnings for the protection of the country's wetlands. Finally, future researchers are recommended to adopt new perspectives in the proposal of guidelines, such as a climate governance approach.Versión original del auto
Sistemas de producción sustentables para ecosistemas de montaña, implementación plan Santiago Andino, sitios prioritarios n° 4, 5 y 10
No full text9 volúmenesEl objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar un sistema de gestión territorial para ecosistemas de montaña que apoye la toma de decisiones en la generación de planes de manejo predial y sistemas de producción sustentable con énfasis en la ganadería y turismo que maximicen los beneficios sociales del árearepositoriodigital.corfo.cl/handle/11373/68
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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