1,720,968 research outputs found
The clinical use of regenerative therapy in COPD
No full textRegenerative or stem cell therapy is an emerging field of treatment based on stimulation of endogenous resident stem cells or administration of exogenous stem cells to treat diseases or injury and to replace malfunctioning or damaged tissues. Current evidence suggests that in the lung, these cells may participate in tissue homeostasis and regeneration after injury. Animal and human studies have demonstrated that tissue-specific stem cells and bone marrow-derived cells contribute to lung tissue regeneration and protection, and thus administration of exogenous stem/progenitor cells or humoral factors responsible for the activation of endogenous stem/progenitor cells may be a potent next-generation therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The use of bone marrow-derived stem cells could allow repairing and regenerate the damaged tissue present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by means of their engraftment into the lung. Another approach could be the stimulation of resident stem cells by means of humoral factors or photobiostimulation
Due anni di riforme pensionistiche: gli effetti sulla spesa e le questioni ancora aperte
No full textNel nostro lavoro presentiamo le innovazioni normative introdotte negli ultimi due anni e utilizziamo il modello Cer di simulazione della spesa pensionistica di lungo periodo per valutare gli impatti economici delle principali innovazioni normative introdotte dalla riforma Fornero. Le comparazione dei risultati delle nostre simulazioni con le stime degli impatti di fonte governativa mostra delle differenze spesso notevoli nel breve periodo. Il profilo di lungo periodo in rapporto al Pil, tuttavia, è simile, e indica una spesa che, dopo un periodo di sensibile riduzione, ritorna ai valori previsti nello scenario pre-riforma e addirittura li supera. La decomposizione della spesa pensionistica fra numero dei trattamenti e loro importo medio ci permette di identificare l’origine di questo andamento temporale degli effetti economici della riforma Fornero. Il posponimento dell’anno di pensionamento, infatti, riduce il numero dei pensionati, ma aumenta in modo rilevante l’importo delle pensioni. Ciò perché i lavoratori accumulano un maggiore ammontare di contributi, ma soprattutto perché si pensionano ad una età molto più avanzata e quindi a loro si applicano modalità di calcolo della pensione più favorevoli. Nel testo viene fornita una stima dell’incremento dell’età di pensionamento prevedibile per i lavoratori del settore privato in seguito alla riforma Fornero
Differential mortality and the design of the Italian system of public pensions
No full textThis paper considers the issue of actuarial fairness of the new Italian public pension system in view of the recent trends in old-age mortality and the survival differences by gender, birth cohort and region of residence. After reviewing the secular trends in elderly mortality in Italy, and the evolution of regional differences in survival over the last three decades, we evaluate the impact, on the conversion factors introduced by the Dini reform, of a further decline in elderly mortality over the next few decades. We compute the conversion factors using a close approximation to the unknown formula employed in the Dini reform but allowing for gender- and region-specific survival probabilities. Our results leave no doubt about the importance of frequently updating the conversion factors in the light of the rapid increase in elderly survival. The paper also quantifies to what extent gender- and region-specific conversion factors may differ from their currently legislated values, that only vary by age. Finally, we recognize that the actuarial fairness of the system introduced by the recent reform can only be guaranteed on average and that, in the presence of a heterogeneous population of individuals that differ considerably in their mortality prospects, the current system implies a substantial degree of redistribution from high-mortality groups (typically characterized by low income and low wealth) to low-mortality groups (typically characterized by high income and high wealth)
Identification of a geographical area characterized by "reproductive longevity" in the Sardinia Island
No full textSpatial analysis suggests local aptitude towards "reproductive longevity" in Sardinian mothers.
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pharmacological assessment of the onset of action of aclidinium and glycopyrronium versus tiotropium in COPD patients and human isolated bronchi.
No full textPharmacological assessment of the onset of action of aclidinium and glycopyrronium versus tiotropium in COPD patients and human isolated bronchi
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