10 research outputs found
Approches de développement territorial par la mise en tourisme montagnard au Maroc : cas de la province d’Azilal
No full textThis thesis is a contribution to a general framework of territory, built essentially around three main levels. First of all, the mountain as a territory marked by its multiple difficulties, but also by considerable assets and singularities of an economic and tourist nature in particular. Second, the success of international experiences in the field of mountain tourism as a major interest for the territorial economy. Finally, the importance and the multitude of interactions between mountains and tourism as driving dynamics for the sustainable economic, cultural and social development of local populations. The interlinked nature of mountain tourism means that this thesis is essentially concerned with two social science disciplines: economics and geography. Within this framework, we will specifically study the perspectives of territorial development on the basis of a territorial construction of economic and social dynamics, in order to analyse from a multidimensional angle the tourism potential of the four municipalities chosen as a study laboratory. On the other hand, the socio-economic, human and environmental effects and impacts will be assessed and measured. The selected communes are a real example of the replication of the territorial resources promotion process to innovate and develop new uses and new forms of tourism within the framework of a Territorialised Touristic System in the Azilal province.La présente thèse se veut une contribution dans un cadre général du territoire, bâti essentiellement autour de trois niveaux principaux. D’abord, la montagne en tant que territoire marqué par ses multiples difficultés, mais également par des atouts et des singularités considérables d’ordre économique et touristique en particulier. Ensuite, le succès des expériences internationales en matière de mise en tourisme de la montagne comme intérêt majeur pour l’économie territoriale. Enfin, l’importance et la multitude des interactions entre la montagne et le tourisme en tant que dynamiques motrices du développement économique, culturel et social durable des populations locales. La nature interdépendante du tourisme de montagne fait que la présente thèse s’inscrit principalement dans deux disciplines des sciences sociales : l’économie et la géographie. Dans ce cadre, nous étudierons spécifiquement les perspectives de développement territorial basé sur une construction territoriale de dynamiques économique et sociale, pour analyser sous un angle multidimensionnel le potentiel touristique des quatre communes choisies en tant que laboratoire d’étude. De l’autre côté, il s’agit d’évaluer et de mesurer les effets et les retombées socio-économiques, humains et environnementaux. Les communes choisies sont un exemple réel de la réitération des processus de valorisation des ressources territoriales pour innover et valoriser de nouveaux usages et de nouvelles formes de tourisme dans le cadre d’un Système Touristique Territorialisé dans la province d’Azilal
Mountain Tourism as a Catalyst for Territorial Development: Participatory Governance, Patrimonial Valorization, and the Quest for Equity in Azilal Province, Morocco
No full textMountain regions often encapsulate a paradox of ecological richness and cultural heritage coexisting with pronounced socio-economic marginalization. In Morocco’s High Atlas province of Azilal, this tension is evident through striking natural features, waterfalls, geological formations, and centuries-old agroforestry systems, and a resilient Amazigh (Berber) culture, set against inadequate infrastructure, high poverty rates, and environmental fragility. This study employs a multidisciplinary framework rooted in the Territorialized Tourism System (TTS) approach to explore how sustainable tourism might reconcile local development goals with heritage preservation. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we integrate spatial, socio-economic, and environmental data to map tourism assets, infrastructural gaps, and land-use changes between 2017 and 2023. Findings reveal significant potential in ecotourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism, underpinned by a rich natural and cultural landscape. Yet, rapid land conversion and deforestation suggest that uncoordinated development could undermine environmental integrity. Moreover, persistent governance challenges, fragmented local institutions, inadequate financial support, and limited inter-village coordination, hinder equitable tourism benefit-sharing. Community-based initiatives in areas like Aït Bouguemez demonstrate that grassroots models can bolster local incomes and preserve cultural practices, but scaling such efforts requires cohesive branding, infrastructure upgrades, and participatory governance. These results underscore the need to treat tourism as an integrated, place-based system, uniting heritage, agroecology, and community enterprises in a sustainable development strategy. Ultimately, Azilal’s experience highlights that harnessing mountain regions’ inherent assets for tourism demands not only robust spatial analysis and careful planning but also inclusive, community-led governance to achieve long-term territorial resilience.impacts of tourism development. The selected municipalities represent an empirical illustration of the iterative processes involved in enhancing territorial resources, fostering innovation, and promoting new forms and uses of tourism within a Territorialized Tourism System in the province of Azilal.
Classification JEL : Z32
Paper type : Empirical ResearchMountain regions often encapsulate a paradox of ecological richness and cultural heritage coexisting with pronounced socio-economic marginalization. In Morocco’s High Atlas province of Azilal, this tension is evident through striking natural features, waterfalls, geological formations, and centuries-old agroforestry systems, and a resilient Amazigh (Berber) culture, set against inadequate infrastructure, high poverty rates, and environmental fragility. This study employs a multidisciplinary framework rooted in the Territorialized Tourism System (TTS) approach to explore how sustainable tourism might reconcile local development goals with heritage preservation. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we integrate spatial, socio-economic, and environmental data to map tourism assets, infrastructural gaps, and land-use changes between 2017 and 2023. Findings reveal significant potential in ecotourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism, underpinned by a rich natural and cultural landscape. Yet, rapid land conversion and deforestation suggest that uncoordinated development could undermine environmental integrity. Moreover, persistent governance challenges, fragmented local institutions, inadequate financial support, and limited inter-village coordination, hinder equitable tourism benefit-sharing. Community-based initiatives in areas like Aït Bouguemez demonstrate that grassroots models can bolster local incomes and preserve cultural practices, but scaling such efforts requires cohesive branding, infrastructure upgrades, and participatory governance. These results underscore the need to treat tourism as an integrated, place-based system, uniting heritage, agroecology, and community enterprises in a sustainable development strategy. Ultimately, Azilal’s experience highlights that harnessing mountain regions’ inherent assets for tourism demands not only robust spatial analysis and careful planning but also inclusive, community-led governance to achieve long-term territorial resilience.impacts of tourism development. The selected municipalities represent an empirical illustration of the iterative processes involved in enhancing territorial resources, fostering innovation, and promoting new forms and uses of tourism within a Territorialized Tourism System in the province of Azilal.
Classification JEL : Z32
Paper type : Empirical Researc
Approches de développement territorial par la mise en tourisme montagnard au Maroc : cas de la province d’Azilal
No full textThis thesis is a contribution to a general framework of territory, built essentially around three main levels. First of all, the mountain as a territory marked by its multiple difficulties, but also by considerable assets and singularities of an economic and tourist nature in particular. Second, the success of international experiences in the field of mountain tourism as a major interest for the territorial economy. Finally, the importance and the multitude of interactions between mountains and tourism as driving dynamics for the sustainable economic, cultural and social development of local populations. The interlinked nature of mountain tourism means that this thesis is essentially concerned with two social science disciplines: economics and geography. Within this framework, we will specifically study the perspectives of territorial development on the basis of a territorial construction of economic and social dynamics, in order to analyse from a multidimensional angle the tourism potential of the four municipalities chosen as a study laboratory. On the other hand, the socio-economic, human and environmental effects and impacts will be assessed and measured. The selected communes are a real example of the replication of the territorial resources promotion process to innovate and develop new uses and new forms of tourism within the framework of a Territorialised Touristic System in the Azilal province.La présente thèse se veut une contribution dans un cadre général du territoire, bâti essentiellement autour de trois niveaux principaux. D’abord, la montagne en tant que territoire marqué par ses multiples difficultés, mais également par des atouts et des singularités considérables d’ordre économique et touristique en particulier. Ensuite, le succès des expériences internationales en matière de mise en tourisme de la montagne comme intérêt majeur pour l’économie territoriale. Enfin, l’importance et la multitude des interactions entre la montagne et le tourisme en tant que dynamiques motrices du développement économique, culturel et social durable des populations locales. La nature interdépendante du tourisme de montagne fait que la présente thèse s’inscrit principalement dans deux disciplines des sciences sociales : l’économie et la géographie. Dans ce cadre, nous étudierons spécifiquement les perspectives de développement territorial basé sur une construction territoriale de dynamiques économique et sociale, pour analyser sous un angle multidimensionnel le potentiel touristique des quatre communes choisies en tant que laboratoire d’étude. De l’autre côté, il s’agit d’évaluer et de mesurer les effets et les retombées socio-économiques, humains et environnementaux. Les communes choisies sont un exemple réel de la réitération des processus de valorisation des ressources territoriales pour innover et valoriser de nouveaux usages et de nouvelles formes de tourisme dans le cadre d’un Système Touristique Territorialisé dans la province d’Azilal
Mountain Tourism as a Catalyst for Territorial Development: Participatory Governance, Patrimonial Valorization, and the Quest for Equity in Azilal Province, Morocco
No full textMountain regions often encapsulate a paradox of ecological richness and cultural heritage coexisting with pronounced socio-economic marginalization. In Morocco’s High Atlas province of Azilal, this tension is evident through striking natural features, waterfalls, geological formations, and centuries-old agroforestry systems, and a resilient Amazigh (Berber) culture, set against inadequate infrastructure, high poverty rates, and environmental fragility. This study employs a multidisciplinary framework rooted in the Territorialized Tourism System (TTS) approach to explore how sustainable tourism might reconcile local development goals with heritage preservation. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we integrate spatial, socio-economic, and environmental data to map tourism assets, infrastructural gaps, and land-use changes between 2017 and 2023. Findings reveal significant potential in ecotourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism, underpinned by a rich natural and cultural landscape. Yet, rapid land conversion and deforestation suggest that uncoordinated development could undermine environmental integrity. Moreover, persistent governance challenges, fragmented local institutions, inadequate financial support, and limited inter-village coordination, hinder equitable tourism benefit-sharing. Community-based initiatives in areas like Aït Bouguemez demonstrate that grassroots models can bolster local incomes and preserve cultural practices, but scaling such efforts requires cohesive branding, infrastructure upgrades, and participatory governance. These results underscore the need to treat tourism as an integrated, place-based system, uniting heritage, agroecology, and community enterprises in a sustainable development strategy. Ultimately, Azilal’s experience highlights that harnessing mountain regions’ inherent assets for tourism demands not only robust spatial analysis and careful planning but also inclusive, community-led governance to achieve long-term territorial resilience.impacts of tourism development. The selected municipalities represent an empirical illustration of the iterative processes involved in enhancing territorial resources, fostering innovation, and promoting new forms and uses of tourism within a Territorialized Tourism System in the province of Azilal.
Classification JEL : Z32
Paper type : Empirical ResearchMountain regions often encapsulate a paradox of ecological richness and cultural heritage coexisting with pronounced socio-economic marginalization. In Morocco’s High Atlas province of Azilal, this tension is evident through striking natural features, waterfalls, geological formations, and centuries-old agroforestry systems, and a resilient Amazigh (Berber) culture, set against inadequate infrastructure, high poverty rates, and environmental fragility. This study employs a multidisciplinary framework rooted in the Territorialized Tourism System (TTS) approach to explore how sustainable tourism might reconcile local development goals with heritage preservation. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we integrate spatial, socio-economic, and environmental data to map tourism assets, infrastructural gaps, and land-use changes between 2017 and 2023. Findings reveal significant potential in ecotourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism, underpinned by a rich natural and cultural landscape. Yet, rapid land conversion and deforestation suggest that uncoordinated development could undermine environmental integrity. Moreover, persistent governance challenges, fragmented local institutions, inadequate financial support, and limited inter-village coordination, hinder equitable tourism benefit-sharing. Community-based initiatives in areas like Aït Bouguemez demonstrate that grassroots models can bolster local incomes and preserve cultural practices, but scaling such efforts requires cohesive branding, infrastructure upgrades, and participatory governance. These results underscore the need to treat tourism as an integrated, place-based system, uniting heritage, agroecology, and community enterprises in a sustainable development strategy. Ultimately, Azilal’s experience highlights that harnessing mountain regions’ inherent assets for tourism demands not only robust spatial analysis and careful planning but also inclusive, community-led governance to achieve long-term territorial resilience.impacts of tourism development. The selected municipalities represent an empirical illustration of the iterative processes involved in enhancing territorial resources, fostering innovation, and promoting new forms and uses of tourism within a Territorialized Tourism System in the province of Azilal.
Classification JEL : Z32
Paper type : Empirical Researc
Mountain Tourism as a Catalyst for Territorial Development: Participatory Governance, Patrimonial Valorization, and the Quest for Equity in Azilal Province, Morocco
No full textMountain regions often encapsulate a paradox of ecological richness and cultural heritage coexisting with pronounced socio-economic marginalization. In Morocco’s High Atlas province of Azilal, this tension is evident through striking natural features, waterfalls, geological formations, and centuries-old agroforestry systems, and a resilient Amazigh (Berber) culture, set against inadequate infrastructure, high poverty rates, and environmental fragility. This study employs a multidisciplinary framework rooted in the Territorialized Tourism System (TTS) approach to explore how sustainable tourism might reconcile local development goals with heritage preservation. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we integrate spatial, socio-economic, and environmental data to map tourism assets, infrastructural gaps, and land-use changes between 2017 and 2023. Findings reveal significant potential in ecotourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism, underpinned by a rich natural and cultural landscape. Yet, rapid land conversion and deforestation suggest that uncoordinated development could undermine environmental integrity. Moreover, persistent governance challenges, fragmented local institutions, inadequate financial support, and limited inter-village coordination, hinder equitable tourism benefit-sharing. Community-based initiatives in areas like Aït Bouguemez demonstrate that grassroots models can bolster local incomes and preserve cultural practices, but scaling such efforts requires cohesive branding, infrastructure upgrades, and participatory governance. These results underscore the need to treat tourism as an integrated, place-based system, uniting heritage, agroecology, and community enterprises in a sustainable development strategy. Ultimately, Azilal’s experience highlights that harnessing mountain regions’ inherent assets for tourism demands not only robust spatial analysis and careful planning but also inclusive, community-led governance to achieve long-term territorial resilience.impacts of tourism development. The selected municipalities represent an empirical illustration of the iterative processes involved in enhancing territorial resources, fostering innovation, and promoting new forms and uses of tourism within a Territorialized Tourism System in the province of Azilal.
Classification JEL : Z32
Paper type : Empirical ResearchMountain regions often encapsulate a paradox of ecological richness and cultural heritage coexisting with pronounced socio-economic marginalization. In Morocco’s High Atlas province of Azilal, this tension is evident through striking natural features, waterfalls, geological formations, and centuries-old agroforestry systems, and a resilient Amazigh (Berber) culture, set against inadequate infrastructure, high poverty rates, and environmental fragility. This study employs a multidisciplinary framework rooted in the Territorialized Tourism System (TTS) approach to explore how sustainable tourism might reconcile local development goals with heritage preservation. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we integrate spatial, socio-economic, and environmental data to map tourism assets, infrastructural gaps, and land-use changes between 2017 and 2023. Findings reveal significant potential in ecotourism, cultural tourism, and adventure tourism, underpinned by a rich natural and cultural landscape. Yet, rapid land conversion and deforestation suggest that uncoordinated development could undermine environmental integrity. Moreover, persistent governance challenges, fragmented local institutions, inadequate financial support, and limited inter-village coordination, hinder equitable tourism benefit-sharing. Community-based initiatives in areas like Aït Bouguemez demonstrate that grassroots models can bolster local incomes and preserve cultural practices, but scaling such efforts requires cohesive branding, infrastructure upgrades, and participatory governance. These results underscore the need to treat tourism as an integrated, place-based system, uniting heritage, agroecology, and community enterprises in a sustainable development strategy. Ultimately, Azilal’s experience highlights that harnessing mountain regions’ inherent assets for tourism demands not only robust spatial analysis and careful planning but also inclusive, community-led governance to achieve long-term territorial resilience.impacts of tourism development. The selected municipalities represent an empirical illustration of the iterative processes involved in enhancing territorial resources, fostering innovation, and promoting new forms and uses of tourism within a Territorialized Tourism System in the province of Azilal.
Classification JEL : Z32
Paper type : Empirical Researc
Territorial development approaches through mountain tourism in Morocco : the case of the province of Azilal
No full textLa présente thèse se veut une contribution dans un cadre général du territoire, bâti essentiellement autour de trois niveaux principaux. D’abord, la montagne en tant que territoire marqué par ses multiples difficultés, mais également par des atouts et des singularités considérables d’ordre économique et touristique en particulier. Ensuite, le succès des expériences internationales en matière de mise en tourisme de la montagne comme intérêt majeur pour l’économie territoriale. Enfin, l’importance et la multitude des interactions entre la montagne et le tourisme en tant que dynamiques motrices du développement économique, culturel et social durable des populations locales. La nature interdépendante du tourisme de montagne fait que la présente thèse s’inscrit principalement dans deux disciplines des sciences sociales : l’économie et la géographie. Dans ce cadre, nous étudierons spécifiquement les perspectives de développement territorial basé sur une construction territoriale de dynamiques économique et sociale, pour analyser sous un angle multidimensionnel le potentiel touristique des quatre communes choisies en tant que laboratoire d’étude. De l’autre côté, il s’agit d’évaluer et de mesurer les effets et les retombées socio-économiques, humains et environnementaux. Les communes choisies sont un exemple réel de la réitération des processus de valorisation des ressources territoriales pour innover et valoriser de nouveaux usages et de nouvelles formes de tourisme dans le cadre d’un Système Touristique Territorialisé dans la province d’Azilal.This thesis is a contribution to a general framework of territory, built essentially around three main levels. First of all, the mountain as a territory marked by its multiple difficulties, but also by considerable assets and singularities of an economic and tourist nature in particular. Second, the success of international experiences in the field of mountain tourism as a major interest for the territorial economy. Finally, the importance and the multitude of interactions between mountains and tourism as driving dynamics for the sustainable economic, cultural and social development of local populations. The interlinked nature of mountain tourism means that this thesis is essentially concerned with two social science disciplines: economics and geography. Within this framework, we will specifically study the perspectives of territorial development on the basis of a territorial construction of economic and social dynamics, in order to analyse from a multidimensional angle the tourism potential of the four municipalities chosen as a study laboratory. On the other hand, the socio-economic, human and environmental effects and impacts will be assessed and measured. The selected communes are a real example of the replication of the territorial resources promotion process to innovate and develop new uses and new forms of tourism within the framework of a Territorialised Touristic System in the Azilal province
Approches de développement territorial par la mise en tourisme montagnard au Maroc : cas de la province d’Azilal
No full textThis thesis is a contribution to a general framework of territory, built essentially around three main levels. First of all, the mountain as a territory marked by its multiple difficulties, but also by considerable assets and singularities of an economic and tourist nature in particular. Second, the success of international experiences in the field of mountain tourism as a major interest for the territorial economy. Finally, the importance and the multitude of interactions between mountains and tourism as driving dynamics for the sustainable economic, cultural and social development of local populations. The interlinked nature of mountain tourism means that this thesis is essentially concerned with two social science disciplines: economics and geography. Within this framework, we will specifically study the perspectives of territorial development on the basis of a territorial construction of economic and social dynamics, in order to analyse from a multidimensional angle the tourism potential of the four municipalities chosen as a study laboratory. On the other hand, the socio-economic, human and environmental effects and impacts will be assessed and measured. The selected communes are a real example of the replication of the territorial resources promotion process to innovate and develop new uses and new forms of tourism within the framework of a Territorialised Touristic System in the Azilal province.La présente thèse se veut une contribution dans un cadre général du territoire, bâti essentiellement autour de trois niveaux principaux. D’abord, la montagne en tant que territoire marqué par ses multiples difficultés, mais également par des atouts et des singularités considérables d’ordre économique et touristique en particulier. Ensuite, le succès des expériences internationales en matière de mise en tourisme de la montagne comme intérêt majeur pour l’économie territoriale. Enfin, l’importance et la multitude des interactions entre la montagne et le tourisme en tant que dynamiques motrices du développement économique, culturel et social durable des populations locales. La nature interdépendante du tourisme de montagne fait que la présente thèse s’inscrit principalement dans deux disciplines des sciences sociales : l’économie et la géographie. Dans ce cadre, nous étudierons spécifiquement les perspectives de développement territorial basé sur une construction territoriale de dynamiques économique et sociale, pour analyser sous un angle multidimensionnel le potentiel touristique des quatre communes choisies en tant que laboratoire d’étude. De l’autre côté, il s’agit d’évaluer et de mesurer les effets et les retombées socio-économiques, humains et environnementaux. Les communes choisies sont un exemple réel de la réitération des processus de valorisation des ressources territoriales pour innover et valoriser de nouveaux usages et de nouvelles formes de tourisme dans le cadre d’un Système Touristique Territorialisé dans la province d’Azilal
"الخطاب على الخطاب" و"ما وراء القص": دراسة سردية من خلال ثلاث روايات مختارة: A NARRATOLOGICAL STUDY OF META-NARRATION AND METAFICTION IN THREE SELECTED ARABIC NOVELS
No full textThe paper is an analytical narratological study of two postmodern techniques: Meta-narration and Metafiction in the selected novels of Ibrahim Nasrallah (Jordon) and Rabii Al-Madhoon (Palestine): the two icons of contemporary Arabic fiction. The paper identifies various aspects of the above mentioned techniques with the insight into the selected texts breaking the fictional limitations between the narrator, the narratee and the fictional world. Meta-narration statements are found at discourse level and Metafictional statements are found at story and discourse levels. The paper highlights the meta-narration and metafictional comments found in a good quantity throughout the selected novels where the fictionality of the personality of narrator, the narrate, fictional characters, and the personality of the author are found overtly. The narrator overtly comments on fictional events and characters. The narrator also comments on the sequence of what he is narrating. Moreover, the fictional characters interact with each other breeching from diegetic level into the extradiegetic level
Deep brain stimulation of the hypothalamic region: a systematic review
No full textBackground: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been successfully used for the treatment of circuitopathies including movement, anxiety, and behavioral disorders. The hypothalamus is a crucial integration center for many peripheral and central pathways relating to cardiovascular, metabolic, and behavioral functions and constitutes a potential target for neuromodulation in treatment-refractory conditions. To conduct a systematic review, investigating hypothalamic targets in DBS, their indications, and the primary clinical findings. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched in accordance with the PRISMA guideline to identify papers published in English studying DBS of the hypothalamus in humans. Results: After screening 3,148 papers, 34 studies consisting of 412 patients published over two decades were included in the final review. Hypothalamic DBS was indicated in refractory headaches (n = 238, 57.8%), aggressive behavior (n = 100, 24.3%), mild Alzheimer’s disease (n = 58, 14.1%), trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis (n = 5, 1.2%), Prader-Willi syndrome (n = 4, 0.97%), and atypical facial pain (n = 3, 0.73%). The posterior hypothalamus was the most common DBS target site across 30 studies (88.2%). 262 (63.6%) participants were males, and 110 (26.7%) were females. 303 (73.5%) patients were adults whereas 33 (8.0%) were pediatrics. The lowest mean age of participants was 15.25 ± 4.6 years for chronic refractory aggressiveness, and the highest was 68.5 ± 7.9 years in Alzheimer’s disease patients. The mean duration of the disease ranged from 2.2 ± 1.7 (mild Alzheimer’s disease) to 19.8 ± 10.1 years (refractory headaches). 213 (51.7%) patients across 29 studies (85.3%) reported symptom improvements which ranged from 23.1% to 100%. 25 (73.5%) studies reported complications, most of which were associated with higher voltage stimulations. Conclusions: DBS of the hypothalamus is feasible in selected patients with various refractory conditions ranging from headaches to aggression in both pediatric and adult populations. Future large-scale studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate the safety and efficacy data and extend these findings. © The Author(s) 2025
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the oldtlmem worked their same* In
perfection, and It t* doubtful if thet
have played mi well Fui u i Jam
are
be
'ngll-Ji h.i
,-vml the
At*--..*, in
log)
■ nil
■ No
•f n
man nu
till*.! "
iravel] amtaa wllh the social iua-|-»« »« *»«■• »"u ;,',-r ''*"■ "' "'- ,,,*»"!
bine, and what lhat eomeihlng la r«nsaHonal sets of tennis Imaginable
nderstand under|tbnt Ihe Ban .Francisco duo w.-t,- re
u-iied ihe tii im*. The games were
ip and ruck, and there «n** really
I no difference between the into tram
i» made 1.
get ■■■ di.id
inert, ol Mil
srsn as to
rsarsagartan
we an* helped ■<
no* tour headings ol ' De pen dent Su*
perannoatidns,*' "Ciitise*, of old Ags
|t.,....,.|.-i.,-v. " KlTort* at K>llr-t
and •Tlsiss it»r Pi..tc,,iioi,;- Wheth- •*'• Bingham, although cttmplelelj
er a aygietn of obi age jtenslonsUshausted b) "'■- gruelling flve*soi
would do all that the author t-eenw[double, match, mad* .. game Dghl
to -m-.i nf it Is quite soothe- ■■'"' - ' defeated oat] aflei thre«
tei 11 i* true thin practically sll vnT> '-' • *''
Ho* outilrle-i or ctflllaatlon except, •' Hie tealure maleh *.r the del
V til!t (,ute made some effort! betsreen*IJudlej Murray and Albert
along iiii" Urn-. H I* equally true
that Micigl discontenl In nil them.
1 omit 11, n remnlns unchecked nnd
that in a large extent those plan**
have tailed In tbelr -ultimate object
An old age pension always assumes
the form nf a dnl.. H draws a casta
line between teclpient and nmi
recipient \ Tbe unemotional .-.titiii-
nil*t wlll nlwflys feel 'It
effce.tlvi
Hull, ihe t-tnr clt] playet, Mnri.it
defeated Ihe COBSl liiler»e|inlatitli
i-bampinii tn atralghl'sets, nftdr aoui"
very bard li'tiltm tenuis
Tin- .-nmiilele wore* were a» fob
Inn,
it;.., and Vail beat Broderick nnd
Tomkiti*,. »»--. 6--. "—7. 6-3
Vail beat llMMlethk. '•-',. 8->». g-J,
- Hays hen' To in kin*, i;-:'. e-3,
|i i*. on Dm* on.* aide ' l,u" »•"' *»"liin* lieat .Murray nnd
The Mayfield achool bond
Saturdsy aa* auccenaful The election wss called to tote on 11 '•<") In
bonds of the f'-o.i denomination to
he paid in one and two year* re-
■paallrely Thla money lit lo Ire
aaed In equipping the new department*- of domeattc science and manna) training, and ulao to repair and
tint the achool room* lhat need attention The fait that the governor
made Saturday a legal holiday
«allied "ii.i- iiiii-.i .in- ■ In the mind*
of the Iruntee. until the dtatrlct attorney tfised the opinion to the
Irnrtagg .hat the election would not
|*jL*aff««tad
The votlug continued from . S
. in until 2 p m.. fortt-seven clti-
/enit reglNterlng their ballot* in th"
.irt'ii mallve and not one voting
again*! the bond*.
The election officer*'. Mm. Etta I
Waring Mm. Klltabeth Orr and J. P
Ponce, found a cot)] voting place In!
the rahool bulldlna and did their|
duty without pay.
The following cltlten* voted: W
(Irani Fairfield. Thinna** Boehren.!
Mr*. Ktta Waring, J. P. Ponce. Mm j
Kluatieth Orr, A H Show. Mr* Ma-J
h.*l BeJbert, T. J. Palmsieer. Leslie!
I light, Charles H naltn. Homer W j
ft I, atellatHSPy- MiAnley. Marie.
derdea, Mr**. Kva 0 and S W lx*rk-i
wood. Mr*. I-ltile Mtinher. Mrs. K*-.'
I her IIIkIH. Mm MuMi.. K Scott, II. |
C Hackle]. Mr* A. al. Cuburn. B.I
W Fairfield. Julia 11 Hunuell MM
■ live Roan, chi.tie,* f Wright Oeo
o Call, M S Peer-. Baehe) Peer*.
IC.-herl I. PltcbSV, Mm N / Flli- :
ley. P a. Ho**. \v H Moeber, Nellie
\ n i*ii. Cornelia llebard, Hra
\ M Fatitleld. It ll Hol*ton. .I.u.o-
Orr. a n rnelahman. Bo> K Madl*j
Kan. (' P. Hughe**. Frank Hermann.
6 M Cullih-tUoii. .1 Van ..ordrti.
Mrs IS-iti t Shrive, Jennie K nesry.
lleorge II \.i* V H Be berl and
TRAIN MAIL CRANE
WON'T BREAK BOOS.
V I Mulct, toimcr-bankrr. a rc**i ■
dent of Itiirltm-'-iiic, hSfl received a
A VACATION GROUND
a-
Yoaemlte growx more popular each year. Thousand* visit It as a
sightseeing trip. Other thousands spend their VACATION'S there
and live for weeks amid Its graodenr.
YOSEMITE THE PLACE FOR REST AND
RECREATION
Dally ontlnga to points of Interest. Jolly times around the evening
campflre*. Hotels sad boarding camps for tho*** who wish, snd
private esmplng under Its plnex for those who prefer Ibis way.
Aah any ticket agent for YOSKMlTE OCTING FOLDBR.
A BEAUTIFUL SOUVENIR BOOKLET
mailed on receipt of 1. A gem of the printing art. 22 pages In
full colors. Contslns no advertlaement. Address
YOSEMITE VALLEY RAILROAD CO.
wKKCEI) CALIFORNIA
_ »»e»ooooooooooeoeeee»»ee*»ee»e*»eoooooooooooooooosee
♦♦a»»»*seeee»ee*o*»»eee»e»e.eeeeeeeeeeeee»eeeeeeeee»eee'*
PALO ALTO LAUNDRY CO
a mi miki nui ooaa hk.h-i-i.su wobb ar low rum
Work fastla* lor aaat Mnnl pron.p.1,.
I as* BsfKRaof, kTBKaTT. rHOK* aasi
aM.«.,»..l.....»«*
We do the
Berry Business
of Palo Alto
If you want fresh berries
SEE US
FULLER AND CO.
Two Phones—751 and 752
hi
lllil
t. r ulstriltuttnn
Ihe other hand <
dividiisl Rhhrnrt
lead t.. a Ih-i-| Hinghaiu. Mr aVZ. S-U- «•-». >■-*
,:i1t't and, out -Murray liewt Bull, ••!. .M. »'.-.*
i I'hnna-a In InV . Johitn Iwul lllngbnni, 7-.**. C;l, fi I.
rdluait
fleiHlo
lis)
«•.■■„
Currant Puddu
luui^iaie I.I-C-..I. »-**•
four onitjrs of br-
d.Hl.l
iin-itt ttmt trrrwrt Hi
nre mid (hut ihe
•1 ,- I tlll«.l Slate* |
f.,<".. Ihe Mini of *|Sli, ,11011. an
Individual avert.*.* of 127 a rear, or
tie.il'i double the ai-.lntltll .•xlKtllbd j
in tbarllt on the dependent asi-il L„:ii, in milk-andwutet
it Hi- Mttriiitrdlnary a-aaie wit- ,.r<._ .„„ t,,r ,,,..1.11... -.1
Irtasmued ih.-. ri-uK would pmliahl* Ii,r.*a.L in a basin, adding it
.mi - nt
■it p-i
Imi.r.neiiieiit In heal Hi
•"'•1 Ibe m.Iii 1 .1 ginul Mini*, do ;,(,,. K.iiti. „ „;■ ,. |,u|r .. h]l, -
itrt-ad jne*ti.- fliianelrtl piohtemK Iihoroiin'ilv »iili other material.
the Tlie author is Justified lu d,*«rib-| ihe mixture into .» Imltccil
belli- Ins ftbi Vidntiie a* "a •■••mtile'e i.tir-jt„vcr wtth buttered (laiK-r .mil
Mint vet- of the pension mmeuicnl " It Mesdlly for •'.- hour*.
delivering mail and parksgc* while
the train- art in motion T, rOtigll
■ \l.irtcL. i.H.oii.... eggs can In hwi
dted wiih"c;t*t- fiithost Ur-.-aV.sai; lie
it now negotiating v.ith the pacerl
j.*..! tliviaton bi the p*>*.t«fR-T depart
lltcill Inr llic 11 m- <d his device.
RURLINGAMi: MAYOR
MAS NARROW KSCAI'i:.
; M.ii.ir 0 .1 M-sj'..--1!-*. .-; Bttrtfrt
: game t...l ■ nan
Neither man « .- hmrt bui S.! ■*
nwrV cat was c nlcrably dantaged
Uf-lrafl *■•»»-*--* 1 heait of th. *•*•*
\i.(tc., ..ni'tt it.ifti. >ipi.nl. vtates that
motor travel tvas ihr heaviest in ihe
historj ..1 ih,- cisnt) r^umUj He
j attribute* thi* 10 ihe ro^nnli n .<;
ihe new Mate hiuhwat
R. N.SCHENK
MT9i\ihJU
Wm. BROCKMAN
Don t forget If. of you sre
gDlng n a long trip Hon •
force' "ther poaatbls needs.
n1*-i and *ome msybe
un .mi don't think tou'll
1 1 It lH*nlwny* Hie un*
cviiected that hnp|*en*i
imps* lillj mi jo atttoaao*
l.lie JnuiiH'v We nsjee
.■*•■ 1 article rod -,M' Hbsly
to need, a* we handle all
!«•-! ami roost rel nble
.p, .; lies Low prices
Diamond Tires, Republic Tires.
Fisk Tires.
Agents Studebaker Automobiles
University Garage
542 Hifth Street. Phone Palo Alto 241
IrVhaf Every Woman Knows
Knysi-T*s Kabric tilovos arc stanitanJ
K,*tAscr"s Silk I lose are the liest.
\\ c arc'larifc dealers in hotli.
.
Hosiery
Special olTeriiiK "i fine I'.hcl. Hose, 35c
)..■!:..: ."- |..|S1. l'llll fnSlli.*lle.t. \-k I ■:■
the Rcvella. ihe hesj litis.-. \\.- have lui-
• 41i..v.ii :"..r ihi-. price.
*
Save on Outing Hose
I luster lirowri llose f«*r men. wmncti mtl
cliil'hcn. 4 pairs i"r 3.50 to 3.95 that cannot be surpasse
