1,720,983 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Genetic determinants of structural and vascular brain phenotypes in young adults and across the lifespan
No full textAvec le vieillissement de la population mondiale, le nombre de nouveaux cas d'accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) et de démence, les deux maladies neurologiques les plus fréquentes, est en constante augmentation à échelle mondiale. De plus en plus d’éléments suggèrent que des facteurs déjà présents tôt dans la vie, y compris génétiques, jouent un rôle crucial dans l'apparition de ces maladies. L’exploration de ces déterminants précoces est importante pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents et élaborer des stratégies préventives et thérapeutiques plus efficientes. Les marqueurs en imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) du vieillissement (vasculaire) cérébral, pouvant être mesurés de manière non invasive dans de grandes populations à tous les âges de la vie, constituent un outil majeur pour explorer ces déterminants des maladies neurologiques du sujet âgé. Dans cette thèse, nous avons exploré les déterminants génétiques des phénotypes cérébraux structurels et vasculaires chez les jeunes adultes et tout au long de la vie. Dans une première partie, nous avons exploré dans une cohorte d’adultes jeunes les déterminants génétiques des volumes sous-corticaux en IRM cérébrale, des structures impliquées dans les processus neurodégénératifs liés à l'âge. Nos résultats ont apporté de nouvelles perspectives sur les déterminants génétiques de ces volumes tout au long de la vie adulte et leur relation avec les maladies neurologiques les plus fréquentes. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons exploré les déterminants génétiques des marqueurs de maladie des petites artères cérébrales (MPAC) en IRM, de puissants prédicteurs du risque d’AVC, de déclin cognitif et de démence. Nous nous sommes intéressés en particulier à des marqueurs émergents de MPAC, en IRM de diffusion multi-shell (neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, NODDI) et en IRM structurelle (espaces périvasculaires). Nous avons mené la première étude d'association pangénomique (genome-wide association study - GWAS) sur les NODDI chez l’adulte jeune et la première GWAS des espaces périvasculaires. Ces résultats ont apporté des informations totalement nouvelles sur les mécanismes biologiques contribuant au risque de MPAC et de ses complications (AVC, démence) tout au long de la vie. Ils ont aussi permis d’explorer l’impact (causal) des facteurs de risque vasculaire sur le vieillissement vasculaire cérébral tout au long de la vie. Dans une extension de cette thèse à un phénotype plus clinique, nous avons utilisé les variants génétiques comme instruments pour explorer l'association (causale) des facteurs de risque vasculaire avec la dissection des artères cervicales (DAC), une cause majeure d'AVC ischémique chez les jeunes adultes. Par des approches de randomisation Mendélienne, nous avons mis en évidence des arguments robustes pour une relation causale entre une pression artérielle croissante et le risque de DAC et un effet protecteur des béta-bloquants.With global population ageing, the number of new cases with neurological diseases, especially stroke and dementia, is constantly increasing worldwide. Mounting evidence suggests that early life factors, including genetic factors, play a crucial role in the occurrence of such diseases. Deciphering these early determinants is important to better understand mechanisms underlying these diseases and develop more efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies. Increasingly elaborate brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of (vascular) brain aging, that can be measured non-invasively in large populations of all ages, can provide crucial insight into determinants of late-life neurological diseases across the lifespan. In this thesis, we explored the genetic determinants of structural and vascular brain phenotypes in young adults and across the lifespan, and their relation with late life neurological diseases. In a first part, we explored genetic determinants of subcortical volumes on brain MRI (structures involved in neurodegenerative processes) in a cohort of young adults in their twenties. Our results shed new light on the genetic determinants of these volumes across the adult lifespan and their relation with common, late onset neurological diseases. In a second part, we examined the genetic underpinnings of emerging putative MRI-markers of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) that can be measured already in young adults, comprising: neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) markers (multi-shell diffusion MRI) and perivascular spaces (PVS) (structural MRI). We conducted the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of NODDI in young adults and the first GWAS of PVS with follow-up of significant findings in young adults. These results provided completely novel insight into biological mechanisms contributing to cSVD and its complications (stroke, dementia) across the adult lifespan. These genetic studies also allowed to explore the (causal) impact of vascular risk factors on vascular brain aging across the lifespan in a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework. In an extension of this thesis to a more clinical phenotype, we used genetic variants as instruments to explore the (causal) association of vascular risk factors with cervical artery dissection (CeAD), a leading cause of ischemic stroke in young adults. Using MR, we provided strong evidence supporting a causal association of increasing blood pressure with CeAD risk and a protective effect of β-blockers
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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