1,721,320 research outputs found
Au sujet des charges électriques des cellules cancéreuses
Full text linkLaville M.-C. Au sujet des charges électriques des cellules cancéreuses. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 107 n°2, 1954. pp. 94-100
Sur la signification biologique des pigmentations cutanées muqueuses et tissulaires, normales et pathologiques dans la série animale
No full textLaville M.-C. Sur la signification biologique des pigmentations cutanées muqueuses et tissulaires, normales et pathologiques dans la série animale. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 107 n°4, 1954. pp. 159-164
Attualità di Karl Polanyi
No full textIl saggio di Alain Caillè e Jean Louis Laville si pone l’obiettivo di evidenziare la portata e l’attualità del progetto etico e politico di Polanyi, a sua volta accreditato e reso plausibile dall’opera scientifica e dall’antropologia generale su cui si fonda.
Gli autori, collocando Polanyi tra gli eredi più qualificati di padri del pensiero sociologico della portata di Marx e Weber, sottolineano radicalità attraverso la quale critica la pretesa universalità e naturalità dell’homo oeconomicus, così come l’avvento del mercato autoregolato, figura di eccezione storica che secondo Polanyi si impose soltanto in periodi temporalmente limitati e spazialmente circoscritti, evidenziandone la natura di costruzione storica.
Passando in rassegna le implicazioni propriamente etiche e politiche delle analisi di Polanyi, Caillè e Laville sottolineano, nell’incontro tra ricerca scientifica e riflessione politica, quattro temi cruciali.
1- innanzitutto lo sforzo teso a mostrare che la democrazia non discende dal mercato, che essa si forma e si può riprodurre prima e senza di esso;
2- la tesi che riguarda il ruolo attivo dello Stato nella creazione del mercato;
3- la tesi in base alla quale il mercato ha quali esiti la de-socializzazione e la disumanizzazione delle attività economiche, rivelandosi psichicamente non sostenibile;
4- infine il ruolo dell’azione individuale nella trasformazione delle istituzioni.
Laville e Caille sintetizzano la specificità del pensiero politico di Polanyi affermando che si tratta di uno storico dell’economia che minimizzando il peso dei determinismi economici accorda un ruolo massiccio e determinante alla politica e all’etica; ciò a differenza di un approccio mercato-centrico assunto da numerosi storici dell’economia, in base al quale si giunge a sovrastimare l’importanza del mercato e della sua esclusività nel funzionamento dell’economia.
Gli autori concludono la prima parte del saggio domandandosi se la posizione di Polanyi sia sostenibile dal punto di vista scientifico e ancora in grado di fare luce in modo plausibile sul dibattito politico contemporaneo
Fondamenti di un approccio europeo all'impresa sociale
No full textIl saggio rappresenta una riflessione intorno alle dimensioni concettuali del termine impresa sociale, il cui utilizzo è ormai sempre più diffuso, anche se con differenze significative, sia nel contesto europeo che in quello nord-americano, esplorando i confini sempre più diffusi tra i diversi comparti (privato, pubblico, di terzo settore) al cui interno agiscono le imprese sociali. Identificare il settore di appartenenza, o la presenza di esperienze miste o ibride, non tuttavia sufficiente per dare conto del potenziale analitico che la locuzione imprenditoria sociale sprigiona, le delimitazioni settoriali non rappresentando che un mezzo per arricchire le diverse dimensioni e fare luce su alcune dinamiche particolari concernenti tali organizzazioni. In sintesi, a parere degli autori, nonostante la maggiore diffusione di imprese sociali, non diminuisce la necessità di una migliore conoscenza dell’economia sociale o del settore "nonprofit" nelle economie contemporanee, a partire dalla consapevolezza che l’ancoraggio al terzo settore di una grande parte delle imprese sociali non costituisce la garanzia affinché la tematiche dell’impresa sociale non siano diluite progressivamente, fino alla perdita dell’essenza di questo modo di intraprendere
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Switching to lanthanum carbonate monotherapy provides effective phosphate control with a low tablet burden
No full textBACKGROUND: Despite recognized risks associated with hyperphosphataemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stage 5 on dialysis, the achievement of target levels of serum phosphate is poor. It is likely that this is partly due to poor adherence by patients to their phosphate-binder treatment regimens, which often comprise large daily tablet burdens. METHODS: In this multicentre, open-label trial, patients on a stable dialysis regimen were screened while receiving phosphate-binder therapy, then entered into a washout phase. Patients with serum phosphate > 1.78 mmol/L after washout entered into the main 12-week treatment phase (N = 367), during which they were treated to target [Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI)]: 1.13-1.78 mmol/L; 3.5-5.5 mg/dL) with lanthanum carbonate monotherapy. Efficacy variables included serum phosphate levels and the percentage of patients with serum phosphate control. Safety and tolerability assessments were also conducted. RESULTS: Mean serum phosphate levels were significantly reduced following 12 weeks of lanthanum carbonate monotherapy versus previous phosphate-binder therapy. The mean number of phosphate-binder tablets being taken per day at screening was 7.6, but during treatment with lanthanum carbonate, most patients were taking doses of up to 3000 mg/day, achievable with 3 x 1000 mg tablets per day (maximum of 6). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that lanthanum carbonate monotherapy offers effective control of serum phosphate and, due to a low tablet burden, may help to simplify the management of hyperphosphataemia in patients with CKD Stage 5
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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