1,720,957 research outputs found
L’évaluation Dans Les Manuels De Fle Au Cycle Moyen En Algérie : Types Et Outils
No full textCette contribution pointe les types d’évaluation introduits dans les manuels scolaires du cycle moyen en Algérie ainsi que les outils sélectionnés pour les mettre en œuvre. L’étude descriptive menée a révélé que ces manuels, en plus des formes omniprésentes (diagnostique, formative et sommative) ; introduisent d’autres formes aussi utiles comme l’auto-évaluation. En dépit de l’adoption de l’approche par les compétences, l’évaluation des compétences est exclue des manuels analysés qui n’évaluent que les savoirs et les savoir-faire. This contribution points out the types of evaluation introduced in the middle school textbooks in Algeria as well as the tools selected to implement them. The descriptive study conducted revealed that these textbooks, in addition to the ubiquitous forms (diagnostic, formative and summative); introduce other equally useful forms such as self-assessment. Despite the adoption of the competency-based approach, the assessment of competencies is excluded from the textbooks analysed, which only assess knowledge and skills
ChatGPT dans les mémoires de recherche : étude de la fidélité, la validité et la pertinence des textes générés
No full textThe present study evaluates the quality of information generated by chatGPT, an AI tool often used by students during the realization of their research thesis. This evaluation focuses on three criteria, mentioned in the scientific literature consulted: fidelity (credibility of the source and that of the authors); validity (representativeness of the samples, robustness of the methods, accuracy of the data and objectivity of the authors); as well as the relevance (usefulness of the information generated). In order to obtain sufficiently relevant data on the quality of the information generated by the studied tool, the triangulation of methods is necessary. Three methods are indeed used: content analysis, data comparison and questionnaire survey. The analysis of research theses generated by chatGPT from unpublished topics, and the comparison of research theses made by students with those generated by chatGPT revealed that the information generated presents reliability, fidelity, and relevance issues; hence the need to verify them using more reliable references. These limits, the students interviewed are aware of them. Their responses to the electronic questionnaire, which was submitted to them, revealed positive representations of the studies toll: but betrayed a certain awareness of its limits. It is therefore up to teachers to make them aware of the risks of using this tool blindly, which can generate entirely erroneous responses. This unthoughtful recourse is justified by the informational incompetence of some of those students; which forces them to exploit the texts generated by chatGPT without checking their correction or adaptation to the context.La présente étude évalue la qualité des informations générées par chatGPT, un outil d’IA souvent utilisé par les étudiants lors de la réalisation de leurs mémoires de recherche. Cette évaluation est axée sur trois critères, cités dans la littérature scientifique consultée : la fidélité (crédibilité de la source et celle des auteurs) ; la validité (représentativité des échantillons, robustesse des méthodes, exactitude des données et objectivité des auteurs) ; ainsi que la pertinence (utilité des informations générées). En vue d’obtenir des données suffisamment pertinentes sur la qualité des informations générées par l’outil étudié, la triangulation des méthodes s’impose. Trois méthodes sont en effet exploitées : l’analyse du contenu, la comparaison des données et l’enquête par questionnaire. L’analyse des mémoires générés par chatGPT à partir de sujets inédits, et la comparaison des mémoires réalisés par des étudiants à ceux générés par chatGPT ont révélé que les informations générées présentent des problèmes de fiabilité, de fidélité et de pertinence ; d’où la nécessité de les vérifier en recourant à des références plus fiables. Ces limites, les étudiants interrogés en sont conscients. Leurs réponses au questionnaire électronique, qui leur était soumis, ont révélé des représentations positives de chatGPT : mais ont trahi une certaine conscience de ses limites. Il incombe de ce fait aux enseignants de les sensibiliser aux risques du recours aveugle à cet outil, qui peut générer des réponses entièrement erronées. Ce recours irréfléchi se justifie par leur l’incompétence informationnelle de certains étudiants ; qui les contraint à exploiter les textes générés sans en vérifier la correction ou l’adaptation au contexte.
Origins of interlingual lexical interferences in the written expressions of learners of French as a foreign language
Full text linkCette étude porte sur les origines des interférences lexicales chez les apprenants de FLE, dont le répertoire est constitué de : l’arabe (LM), le français (LE1) et l’anglais (LE2). L’analyse de leurs écrits a révélé que la LE2, ultérieurement apprise, est la première source d’interférences vu sa similitude lexicale avec le FLE. La LM, peu fréquente, est investie en tant que stratégie de compensation.This study concerns the origins of lexical interferences in learners of French as a foreign language, whose repertoire consists of : Arabic (NL), French (FL 1) and English (FL 2). Analysis of their writings reveals that the FL2, language they learned later, is the first source of interference given its lexical similarity with the French language. The NL, infrequent, is used as a compensation strategy
The validity of the summative evaluation of French as a foreign language in Algeria: the questions of reading comprehension in schooling middle cycle
No full textThis article, which focuses on the summative evaluation of French Foreign Language, examines the validity of content of questionnaires designed to assess the comprehension of texts in the middle cycle. The results obtained from the analysis of the questionnaires collected revealed that the items developed by the teachers- designers do not contribute to proving the competence of the learners to construct the meaning of the texts read. These questionnaires are therefore not sufficiently valid to evaluate this competence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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