1,720,956 research outputs found
Epidemiology of post-concussion syndrome
No full textLe syndrome post-commotionnel (SPC) a été proposé comme un ensemble de symptômes qui peuvent apparaître après un traumatisme crânien léger (TCL) et perdurer des semaines, des mois, parfois jusqu’à un an, engendrant des conséquences importantes sur la vie quotidienne. Des débats entourent la définition et même l’existence du SPC. Ils portent notamment sur la spécificité des symptômes (qui peuvent apparaître dans d’autres conditions, ou chez des personnes non traumatisées), et sur la validité des outils diagnostiques qui restent très hétérogènes. La relation entre le SPC et le stress post-traumatique (SSPT) est également au cœur de ces questionnements. La cohorte PERICLES permet d’apporter un éclairage sur ces questions. Elle porte sur un groupe de patients TCL ainsi qu’un groupe de patients avec un traumatisme léger dont le siège n’est pas la tête. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié la spécificité des symptômes en comparant leur prévalence et évolution entre ces deux groupes de patients. Nous avons ensuite tenté de définir un critère diagnostique à partir des symptômes spécifiques à l’aide de tests de corrélations et analyse factorielle. Les facteurs prédictifs du SPC ont été évalués à partir de ce critère, à l’aide d’une régression logistique. Dans un deuxième temps, les facteurs prédictifs des SPC et SSPT ont été évalués et comparés, tout comme la proximité des symptômes des deux syndromes, à l’aide d’une analyse des correspondances multiples. Huit symptômes ont été sélectionnés comme spécifiques au TCL. Un critère diagnostique a pu être défini à partir de ces huit symptômes. Le TCL a été observé facteur prédictif du SSPT (OR = 4,47 [2,38 - 8,40]) mais pas du SPC. Enfin, les symptômes du SPC présentaient une forte proximité avec les variables de la dimension « hypervigilance » du SSPT. Ainsi, le SSPT apparaît être plus spécifique du TCL que le SPC. Les variables du SPC semblent être proches de celles du SSPT. Il semblerait que le stress lié au traumatisme joue un rôle plus important dans la persistance de symptômes à long terme que le mécanisme subi par le cerveau.Postconcussion syndrome (PCS) has been proposed as a set of symptoms that may occur after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and continue for weeks, months, sometimes up to a year, causing a significant impact on daily life. Debates surround the definition and even the existence of the PCS. They relate in particular to the specific symptoms (which may occur in other conditions or in people not traumatized), and the validity of diagnostical tools that are very heterogeneous. The relationship between the SPCS and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also at the heart of these questions. The Pericles cohort can shed light on these issues. It focuses on a group of MTBI patients and a group of patients with mild trauma not related to the head (controls). At first we studied the specificity of symptoms by comparing their prevalence and evolution between these two groups of patients. We then attempted to define a diagnostical test based on specific symptoms using test correlations and factor analysis. Predictors of PCS were evaluated from this test, using logistic regression. In a second step, predictors of PCS and PTSD were assessed and compared, as well as the proximity between symptoms of both syndromes using a multiple correspondence analysis.Eight symptoms were selected as specific to MTBI. A diagnostic criterion has been defined from the eight symptoms. TCL was observed as a predictor of PTSD (OR = 4.47 [2.38 to 8.40]) but not of PCS. Finally PCS symptoms showed strong proximity with variables from "hypervigilance" PTSD dimension. Thus, PTSD appears to be more specific to MTBI than PCS. PCS variables appear to be similar to those of PTSD. It seems that the stress linked to the trauma plays a more important role in the persistence of long-term symptoms than the mechanism of the brain
Epidemiology of post-concussion syndrome
No full textLe syndrome post-commotionnel (SPC) a été proposé comme un ensemble de symptômes qui peuvent apparaître après un traumatisme crânien léger (TCL) et perdurer des semaines, des mois, parfois jusqu’à un an, engendrant des conséquences importantes sur la vie quotidienne. Des débats entourent la définition et même l’existence du SPC. Ils portent notamment sur la spécificité des symptômes (qui peuvent apparaître dans d’autres conditions, ou chez des personnes non traumatisées), et sur la validité des outils diagnostiques qui restent très hétérogènes. La relation entre le SPC et le stress post-traumatique (SSPT) est également au cœur de ces questionnements. La cohorte PERICLES permet d’apporter un éclairage sur ces questions. Elle porte sur un groupe de patients TCL ainsi qu’un groupe de patients avec un traumatisme léger dont le siège n’est pas la tête. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié la spécificité des symptômes en comparant leur prévalence et évolution entre ces deux groupes de patients. Nous avons ensuite tenté de définir un critère diagnostique à partir des symptômes spécifiques à l’aide de tests de corrélations et analyse factorielle. Les facteurs prédictifs du SPC ont été évalués à partir de ce critère, à l’aide d’une régression logistique. Dans un deuxième temps, les facteurs prédictifs des SPC et SSPT ont été évalués et comparés, tout comme la proximité des symptômes des deux syndromes, à l’aide d’une analyse des correspondances multiples. Huit symptômes ont été sélectionnés comme spécifiques au TCL. Un critère diagnostique a pu être défini à partir de ces huit symptômes. Le TCL a été observé facteur prédictif du SSPT (OR = 4,47 [2,38 - 8,40]) mais pas du SPC. Enfin, les symptômes du SPC présentaient une forte proximité avec les variables de la dimension « hypervigilance » du SSPT. Ainsi, le SSPT apparaît être plus spécifique du TCL que le SPC. Les variables du SPC semblent être proches de celles du SSPT. Il semblerait que le stress lié au traumatisme joue un rôle plus important dans la persistance de symptômes à long terme que le mécanisme subi par le cerveau.Postconcussion syndrome (PCS) has been proposed as a set of symptoms that may occur after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and continue for weeks, months, sometimes up to a year, causing a significant impact on daily life. Debates surround the definition and even the existence of the PCS. They relate in particular to the specific symptoms (which may occur in other conditions or in people not traumatized), and the validity of diagnostical tools that are very heterogeneous. The relationship between the SPCS and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is also at the heart of these questions. The Pericles cohort can shed light on these issues. It focuses on a group of MTBI patients and a group of patients with mild trauma not related to the head (controls). At first we studied the specificity of symptoms by comparing their prevalence and evolution between these two groups of patients. We then attempted to define a diagnostical test based on specific symptoms using test correlations and factor analysis. Predictors of PCS were evaluated from this test, using logistic regression. In a second step, predictors of PCS and PTSD were assessed and compared, as well as the proximity between symptoms of both syndromes using a multiple correspondence analysis.Eight symptoms were selected as specific to MTBI. A diagnostic criterion has been defined from the eight symptoms. TCL was observed as a predictor of PTSD (OR = 4.47 [2.38 to 8.40]) but not of PCS. Finally PCS symptoms showed strong proximity with variables from "hypervigilance" PTSD dimension. Thus, PTSD appears to be more specific to MTBI than PCS. PCS variables appear to be similar to those of PTSD. It seems that the stress linked to the trauma plays a more important role in the persistence of long-term symptoms than the mechanism of the brain
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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