15 research outputs found
Distribution Of Environmental Compartments Of Herbicides Used In The Cotton, Coffee And Citrus Cultures [distribuição Nos Compartimentos Ambientais Dos Herbicidas Utiilizados Nas Culturas De Algodão, Café E Citros]
No full textThe aim of this paper was to evaluate the environmental fate of herbicides (acetochlor, 2,4-D, diuron, clomazone, thidiazuron, paraquat, simazine, fluazifo-p-butil, clethodim, oxufluorfen, flumioxazin, carfentrazone-ethyl, ametrina, trifluralin and MSMA) in cotton, coffee and citrus cultivation areas, applying the level I fugacity model. The methodology basically used the chemical and physical characteristics of the pesticides, environmental compartments and the fugacity equations. The preliminary evaluation of risk of contamination due to the use of these pesticides on the cultures studied was carried out swiftly, based on the chemical and physical properties of these products as the level I fugacity model was applied. For most of the herbicides evaluated, the water compartment was the most vulnerable. The prediction evaluation study using fugacity level I was found to be a relevant tool for the environmental fate of the herbicides studied for cotton, coffee and citrus cultures.271123132Bru, R., Carrasco, J.M., Paraíba, L.C., Unsteady state fugacity model by a dynamic control system (1998) Appl. Math Model., 22 (7), pp. 485-494Calamari, D., Vighi, M., Bacci, E., The use of terrestrial plant biomass as a parameter in the fugacity model (1987) Chemosphere, 16 (10-12), pp. 2359-2364Mackay, D., Paterson, S., Calculating fugacity (1981) Environ. Sci. Technol., 15 (9), pp. 1006-1014Mackay, D., (1991) Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach, p. 257. , Boca Raton: Lewis PublishersParaíba, L.C., (1999) Modelización de la Fugacidad Mediante Sistemas Dinámicos Discretos, p. 199. , Tesis (Doctoral) - Universidad Politécnica de Valência, Valência, 1999Paraíba, L.C., Carrasco, J.M., Bru, R., Level IV fugacity model by continuous time control system (1999) Chemosphere, 38 (8), pp. 1763-1775Paraíba, L.C., Simulation of the fate of the insecticide carbifuran in a rice field using a level IV fugacity model (2007) Span J Agric Res., 5 (1), pp. 43-50Plese, L.P.M., Silva, C.L., Foloni, L.L., Previsão da distribuição ambiental dos herbicidas utilizados na cultura da cana-de-açúcar (2006), p. 133. , CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DA CIÊNCIA DAS PLANTAS DANINHAS, 25., 2006. Brasília. Anais... BrasíliaPlese, L.P.M., Silva, C.L., Foloni, L.L., Previsão da distribuição ambiental dos herbicidas utilizados na cultura do milho (2006), p. 134. , CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DA CIÊNCIA DAS PLANTAS DANINHAS, 25., 2006, Brasília. Anais... BrasíliaSilva, C.L., Previsão ambiental da distribuição dos pesticidas aplicados na cultura do arroz (2007) Pestic.: R. Ecotoxicol Meio Amb., 17 (1), pp. 75-86Tomlin, C.D.S., (2000) The Pesticide Manual, , Farnham: British Crop Protection CouncilYenigün, O., Sohtorik, D., Calculation with the level II fugacity model for selected organophosphorus insecticides (1995) Water Air Soil Poll., 84 (1), pp. 175-18
Distribuição nos compartimentos ambientais dos herbicidas utiilizados nas culturas de algodão, café e citros Distribution of environmental compartments of herbicides used in the cotton, coffee and citrus cultures
No full textO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o destino ambiental dos herbicidas acetochlor, 2,4-D, diuron, clomazone, thidiazuron, paraquat, simazine, fluazifop-p-butil, clethodim, oxyfluorfen, flumioxazin, carfentrazone-ethyl, ametrina, trifluralin e MSMA em áreas de cultivo de algodão, café e citros, utilizando o modelo de fugacidade nível I. Na metodologia foram utilizadas basicamente as características físico-químicas dos herbicidas, os compartimentos ambientais e as equações de fugacidade. A avaliação preliminar do risco de contaminação pelo uso de herbicidas nas culturas de algodão, café e citros pode ser feita de forma expedita a partir das propriedades físico-químicas desses produtos, aplicando o modelo de fugacidade nível I. Para a maioria dos herbicidas avaliados, o compartimento água foi o mais vulnerável. O estudo de avaliação da predição em que se empregou o nível de fugacidade I demonstrou ser uma ferramenta importante no destino ambiental dos herbicidas estudados para as culturas de algodão, café e citros.The aim of this paper was to evaluate the environmental fate of herbicides (acetochlor, 2,4-D, diuron, clomazone, thidiazuron, paraquat, simazine, fluazifo-p-butil, clethodim, oxufluorfen, flumioxazin, carfentrazone-ethyl, ametrina, trifluralin and MSMA) in cotton, coffee and citrus cultivation areas, applying the level I fugacity model. The methodology basically used the chemical and physical characteristics of the pesticides, environmental compartments and the fugacity equations. The preliminary evaluation of risk of contamination due to the use of these pesticides on the cultures studied was carried out swiftly, based on the chemical and physical properties of these products as the level I fugacity model was applied. For most of the herbicides evaluated, the water compartment was the most vulnerable. The prediction evaluation study using fugacity level I was found to be a relevant tool for the environmental fate of the herbicides studied for cotton, coffee and citrus cultures
Distribution of environmental compartments of herbicides used in the cotton, coffee and citrus cultures
No full textThe aim of this paper was to evaluate the environmental fate of herbicides (acetochlor, 2,4-D, diuron, clomazone, thidiazuron, paraquat, simazine, fluazifo-p-butil, clethodim, oxufluorfen, flumioxazin, carfentrazone-ethyl, ametrina, trifluralin and MSMA) in cotton, coffee and citrus cultivation areas, applying the level I fugacity model. The methodology basically used the chemical and physical characteristics of the pesticides, environmental compartments and the fugacity equations. The preliminary evaluation of risk of contamination due to the use of these pesticides on the cultures studied was carried out swiftly, based on the chemical and physical properties of these products as the level I fugacity model was applied. For most of the herbicides evaluated, the water compartment was the most vulnerable. The prediction evaluation study using fugacity level I was found to be a relevant tool for the environmental fate of the herbicides studied for cotton, coffee and citrus cultures.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o destino ambiental dos herbicidas acetochlor, 2,4-D, diuron, clomazone, thidiazuron, paraquat, simazine, fluazifop-p-butil, clethodim, oxyfluorfen, flumioxazin, carfentrazone-ethyl, ametrina, trifluralin e MSMA em áreas de cultivo de algodão, café e citros, utilizando o modelo de fugacidade nível I. Na metodologia foram utilizadas basicamente as características físico-químicas dos herbicidas, os compartimentos ambientais e as equações de fugacidade. A avaliação preliminar do risco de contaminação pelo uso de herbicidas nas culturas de algodão, café e citros pode ser feita de forma expedita a partir das propriedades físico-químicas desses produtos, aplicando o modelo de fugacidade nível I. Para a maioria dos herbicidas avaliados, o compartimento água foi o mais vulnerável. O estudo de avaliação da predição em que se empregou o nível de fugacidade I demonstrou ser uma ferramenta importante no destino ambiental dos herbicidas estudados para as culturas de algodão, café e citros.12313
Avaliação de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência sobre e sob a palha em cana crua e o destino ambiental Evaluation of herbicides applied in post-emergence over and under straw in no-burn sugarcane and their environmental fate
No full textO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de vários herbicidas isolados ou associados, aplicados em pós-emergência, na cultura da cana-soca, colhida mecanicamente no sistema cana crua, procurando evidenciar diferenças no seu desempenho quando aplicados sobre ou sob a palha, bem como, ainda dentro do conceito de sustentabilidade e avaliação de risco ambiental, quantificar os comportamentos nos quais esses produtos apresentam maior risco. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Bariri-SP, em áreas da Usina Della Colletta, Fazenda Santo Antonio, em área de cana-soca (cultivar RB 72 754) colhida mecanicamente. Foi utilizada a cana-soca de quarto corte, plantada no espaçamento de 1,40 m, em solo Argiloso Vermelho-Amarelo com 5% de declive. Empregou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com 14 tratamentos (trifloxysulfuron-sodium+ametrina 720 e 960; mesotrione 182 e 292,6; mesotrione+ametrina 292,6+1.500; mesotrione+trifloxysulfuron-sodium 182,8+720; metribuzin 2.680; trifloxysulfuron-sodium+ametrina + hexazinone+diuron 720+900; amicarbazone 45; hexazinone+diuron 1.320; trifloxysulfuron-sodium+sulfentrazone 720+700 (todos em gramas de ingrediente ativo); testemunha; testemunha capinada) e quatro repetições, para cada tipo de aplicação (sobre e sob a palha) disposta lado a lado. As avaliações realizadas foram: fitotoxicidade aparente, altura, estande, eficiência no controle da Digitaria horizontalis, Cenchrus echinatus, Emilia fosbergii e Sida cordifolia, números de internódios e o primeiro internódio. O modelo matemático foi o nível I de fugacidade, utilizando os compartimentos ar, água, solo, sedimento, biota, raiz, caule e folha. Os resultados mostraram que os herbicidas trifloxysulfuron + diuron, mesotrione, metribuzin, ametrina, hexazinone + diuron, amicarbazone e sulfentrazone isolados ou associados, aplicados em pós-emergência, em área total da cultura da cana-de-açúcar, foram altamente eficientes no controle das principais plantas daninhas presentes. A aplicação desses herbicidas sobre ou sob a palhada da cana crua não mostrou diferença na eficiência de controle ou sobre os demais parâmetros avaliados. A aplicação do modelo de fugacidade objetivando avaliar o comportamento preferencial mostrou que todos os herbicidas tendem a ter maior distribuição no compartimento água.This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of several herbicides, applied alone or mixed in post-emergence on ratoon sugarcane crop, mechanically harvested under a no-burn system, to assess differences in performance when applied over or under the straw. In addition, based on the concept of sustainability and environmental risk evaluation, mathematical models were used to evaluate the fate of these herbicides. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Bariri-SP, in the Della Colletta Processing Plant section of Santo Antonio Farm's sugarcane (RB 72 754 cultivar) cultivated areas. Ratoon sugarcane was planted with 1.40 m spacing on Red-Yellow Argisol soils with 5% declivity. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in 14 plots (trifloxulfurom-sodium+ametryn 720 and 960; mesotrione 192 and 292.6; mesotrione and ametryn 292.6+1500; mesotrione+trifloxysulfuron-sodium 182.8+720; metribuzin 2680; trifloxysulfuron-sodium+ametryn+hexazinone+diuron 720+900; amicarbazine 45; hexazinone+diuron 1320; trifloxysulfuron-sodium+sulfentrazone 720+700 (all of the above cited in grams of active ingredients)); control; weeded control, and four replicates, for each type of application (over or under the straw), side by side. The following evaluations were carried out: phytotoxicity, height, stand, efficiency of control of Digitaria horizontalis, Cenchrus echinatus, Emilia fosbergii and Sida cordifolia, number of stalks and first stalk. A fugacity-level I mathematical model was used including the following compartments: air, water, soil, sediment, biota, strain, leaves and roots. The results showed that the herbicides trifloxysulfuron+diuron, mesotrione, metribuzin, ametryn, hexazinone+diuron, amicarbazone and sulfentrazone, alone or in combination, applied in post-emergence on sugarcane were highly efficient in controlling the major weeds present. Application of these herbicides over or under no burn sugarcane straw did not show differences of control efficiency nor of any other parameter. Application of the fugacity model aimed at evaluating preferential behavior showed that all the herbicides tended to have greater distribution in the water compartment
Clement of Alexandria and Early Christian Views of Martyrdom
No full textIntroduction
We cannot begin to understand Clement’s stance on martyrdom without first considering
the context in which he lived. The setting is late second-century Alexandria, a Roman epicenter
of trade and education situated on the northwest coast of Egypt. According to Strabo, the city
was erected in 331 BCE by Alexander the Great on the site of the Egyptian village Rhakotis.
When Alexander’s Hellenistic Empire was divided among three of his generals following his
death, Ptolemy I became the ruler of Egypt and began the Ptolemaic dynasty. During his reign,
Alexandria replaced Memphis as the capital of Egypt and prospered as an economic and
educational hub.
Since archaeological evidence from Alexandria preceding the fourth century CE is
scarce, much of our insight about Christianity in second- and third-century Alexandria is derived
from textual evidence. One of the largest contributors of this evidence is Eusebius, an author
whose validity is often called into question due to his failure to witness firsthand many of the
events he describes, the frequency with which he stakes claims that have no support from other
sources, and the possibility that he falsified his records in order to assert his own agenda. There
is evidence that Eusebius’ accounts are blemished by a variety of fallacies; for example, his
Church History is peppered with anachronisms and postulations that we have good reason to
doubt.
Be that as it may, we would have little to no knowledge of Alexandrian Christianity if it
were not for the information we are able to glean from Eusebius’ documentation. If held to the
same high standards that scholars criticize Eusebius for failing to meet, many sources would
likely be deemed unreliable and we would be forced to discard multitudes of crucial documents
that constitute the very foundation upon which our understanding of history is built. Therefore, I
will treat Eusebius as a source from which some knowledge about Christians in second- and
third-century Alexandria can be gathered.Bachelor of Art
EFEITOS DAS APLICAÇÕES DE CÁLCIO E DE BORO NA OCORRÊNCIA DE PODRIDÃO APICAL E PRODUÇÃO DE TOMATE EM ESTUFA
No full textCom o objetivo de estudar os efeitos das aplicações de cálcio via foliar e de boro via solo na produção e ocorrência de podridão apical em tomate em estufa, conduziu-se um experimento no município de Regente Feijó, SP, com solo classificado como Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo, fase arenosa. Os tratamentos consistiram de três doses de boro (0, 1 e 2 g cova-1) e três freqüências de aplicação foliar de cloreto de cálcio a 0,6% (sem aplicação, aplicação semanal e quinzenal). Os resultados obtidos sugeriram que a aplicação de 1 g cova-1 de boro e freqüência de aplicação quinzenal de CaCl2 a 0,6% e a aplicação semanal de CaCl2 a 0,6% na ausência de boro constituíram-se nas melhores opções no sentido de conciliar maior produtividade e menor número de frutos com incidência de podridão apical
Štirje »proti« časi: sovjetski, ameriški, demokratični in emigrantski modeli plesa na bolgarski način
No full textThe urban interest in traditional Bulgarian dances constructed different communal realities in Bulgaria and abroad before and after 1989. The author discerns subtle protest in dancing the Bulgarian way and elaborates the meaning of this resistance in four contexts, whereby even the Soviet period is analyzed with great nuance. The phenomenon is defined as a reflexive expression of identity that allows fluid concepts of nationality. It persists as a survival strategy even during this pandemic.Urbano zanimanje za tradicionalne bolgarske plese je oblikovalo različne resničnosti v Bolgariji in v tujini pred in po letu 1989. Avtorica razkriva subtilne proteste v bolgarskem načinu plesanja; pomen upora razloži s štirimi različnimi konteksti, posebej niansirano pa analizira sovjetsko obdobje. Ples kot pojav je opredeljen kot refleksivni izraz identitete, ki omogoča fluidno narodno pripadnost, in je zdaj v času epidemije tudi ena od pomembnih preživetvenih strategij
Independent origins of spicules reconcile the evolutionary history of sponges
No full textThe authors want to thank Dr. Bruna Plese for her help during the RNA extraction and library preparation. MER is supported by a NERC GW4+ PhD studentship. DP and PJD are supported by the John Templeton Foundation (62220). Please note that the opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF9741). DP is supported by a University of Bristol URF fellowship. PJD was supported by a Leverhulme Trust fellowship (RF-2022-167), and a BBSRC grant (BB/T012773/1). DP and PJD were also supported by a NERC-BETR Grant (NE/P013643/1). NJK supported by Rutherford Discovery Fellowship RDF-UOO2001 from the Royal Society of New Zealand. JNK is supported by ERC grant no. 788203 (INNOVATION). AS is supported by Villum Fonden grant no. 679849 and Enbie grant no. 54433.N
Symbiosis, Selection, and Novelty: Freshwater Adaptation in the Unique Sponges of Lake Baikal
No full textFreshwater sponges (Spongillida) are a unique lineage of demosponges that secondarily colonized lakes and rivers and are now found ubiquitously in these ecosystems. They developed specific adaptations to freshwater systems, including the ability to survive extreme thermal ranges, long-lasting dessication, anoxia, and resistance to a variety of pollutants. Although spongillids have colonized all freshwater systems, the family Lubomirskiidae is endemic to Lake Baikal and plays a range of key roles in this ecosystem. Our work compares the genomic content and microbiome of individuals of three species of the Lubomirskiidae, providing hypotheses for how molecular evolution has allowed them to adapt to their unique environments. We have sequenced deep (>92% of the metazoan “Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs” [BUSCO] set) transcriptomes from three species of Lubomirskiidae and a draft genome resource for Lubomirskia baikalensis. We note Baikal sponges contain unicellular algal and bacterial symbionts, as well as the dinoflagellate Gyrodinium. We investigated molecular evolution, gene duplication, and novelty in freshwater sponges compared with marine lineages. Sixty one orthogroups have consilient evidence of positive selection. Transporters (e.g., zinc transporter-2), transcription factors (aristaless-related homeobox), and structural proteins (e.g. actin-3), alongside other genes, are under strong evolutionary pressure in freshwater, with duplication driving novelty across the Spongillida, but especially in the Lubomirskiidae. This addition to knowledge of freshwater sponge genetics provides a range of tools for understanding the molecular biology and, in the future, the ecology (e.g., colonization and migration patterns) of these key species.© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected].
The file attached is the published pdf.NHM Repositor
the prom phenomenon from the point of view of performativity
No full textDiplomová práce Nejkrásnější večer v (mým) životě popisuje událost českého maturitního
plesu a snaží se zodpovědět na otázku, zda je maturitní ples iniciačním rituálem současnosti.
Autorka své poznatky staví na základě uměleckého výzkumu, který sestával z rešerše
tématu za pomoci literatury, natáčení dokumentárního filmu o maturitním plese SŠO
Multimediálních studií Poděbrady, rozhovorů s maturanty a protagonisty filmu a jejich
následné analýzy a také z návštěv dalších maturitních plesů za účelem komparace a
zobecnění. Práce podrobně popisuje strukturu maturitního plesu – jednotlivé části jeho
programu, jeho specifickou atmosféru, zvyklosti a tradice, ale také průběh jeho příprav a
vztah jednotlivých maturantů k této události. Autorka popisuje a analyzuje performativní prvky
maturitního plesu a na základě jejich interpretace se snaží pochopit význam této kulturní
tradice a pojmenovat její místo v současné společnosti. Za účelem zodpovězení základní
otázky práce se autorka rovněž zabývá historií českého maturitního plesu a pátrá po jeho
původu.The diploma thesis The most beautiful evening in (my) life describes the event of the Czech
graduation ball and tries to answer the question whether the graduation ball is an initiation
ritual of today. The author builds her findings on the basis of artistic research, which
consisted of research of the topic through existing textual material, filming a documentary
film on the graduation ball of the Poděbrady School of Multimedia Studies, interviews with
graduates and the protagonists of the film and subsequent analysis of these encounters, as
well as visits to other graduation balls allowing comparisons and generalisation. The thesis
describes in detail the structure of the graduation ball - individual parts of its program, its
specific atmosphere, customs and traditions, but also the course of its preparations and the
relationship of individual graduates to this event. The author describes and analyses the
performative elements of the graduation ball and, based on their interpretation, tries to
understand the meaning of this cultural tradition and to name its place in contemporary
society. In order to answer the basic question of the work, the author also investigates the
history of the Czech graduation ball and searches for its origins
