1,721,023 research outputs found
(21(3):203-208)SOIL TREATMENT WITH GRANULAR1 INSECTICIDES AGAINST STONE LEEK LEAFMINER, Phytobia cepae Hering.
No full text葱潛蠅（Phytobia cepao Hering）為石蒜科菜類，如四季葱、洋葱、北葱、西螺葱、大蒜及韮菜等之主要害蟲，在臺灣全年均有出現，惟其猖獗為害時期，為四至十月問高溫期。幼蟲潛食葉部，偶而潛食鱗莖及韮菜花柄，使此等部份發生腐敗，失卻商品價值。被害之植株通常生長緩慢、萎縮，影響產量。目前本省一般栽培者多採用高毒性殺蟲劑，如Parathion. PM. EPN等防治，且每隔7天左右防治一次，不但成本高，且常引起農藥殘留之嚴重公害問題。
近幾年來殺蟲藥劑日新月異，低毒性藥劑之不斷發現，藥劑之形態亦不斷研製，自1944年Schrad氏首先發現有機磷殺蟲劑有滲透性以來，各種滲透性殺蟲劑不斷合成及利用，學者對其在植物體內滲透移行現象產生殺蟲作用，對於植物種類及其生育狀態、環境，如溫度、濕度、日照及土壤水分，理化特性等之研究，不遺餘力，例如1952-1957年Metcalf, March及Bowman三氏研究滲透性殺蟲劑在植物體內之滲透及移行，植物汁液之溶解性及其安定性，以後乃有更多學者研究此等滲透性殺蟲劑之使用於葉面、樹幹、種子及土壤等之處理措施，其中以土壤與種子處理，最能發揮滲透作用及維持長期效果。
Stone leek leafminer (Phytobia cepae Hering) is a major insect pest of Spring onion, Chinese leek, Onion, Garlic and other Amaryllidaceae crops in Taiwan. Parathion, a combination of Parathion-Malathion, or EPN sprays are frequently used by the farmers in the warm season during April to October every year. However, the control expenses seems rather high because of repeat applications, long growing period of Spring onion or other Amarylliaceae crops have to be applied every 7-10 days during the 4 growing months.
The test was conducted at Hsiang-Shan, Hsin-Chu from July to November, 1970 to determine the effectiveness of soil treatment with 8 different granular insecticides for the control of phytobia cepae Hering on Spring onion. Rates of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg a.i. per hectare were tested respectively for each granular insecticide and the total 24 treatments and one control were designed. as Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The insecticides were applied into furrows of ground before planting. percentage of infestation were counted on 30, 50, 70, and 90 days after treatment. Tested crop was harvested on November 8, 126 days after planting and then counting the yield.
The results indicated that all of the insecticides except Hosdon G. could give good control of leafminer. The higher. dosage of the same tested insecticide, the better control of the target insect. For instance, at the rate of 2.0 kg a.i./ha. PSP 204 5G., Di-syston 5G., Solvirex 5G., and Dyfonate 5G., all gave significant differences than the lower rates as 1.0 or 1.5 kg a.i./ha respectively. However, the best results obtained from the treatments of Thimet 10G. and Cyolane 10G. at rate of 1.5 kg a.i./ha were found as well as the highest rate of other insecticides and moreover, the yield have been 159-184% over the untreated plot.
It is concluded that the application of these two granular insecticides will prove to be good for long seasonal control of insect pest, because of the lower cost of application and higher yield.
1. Serial No. (Q) 567
2. Junior Entomologist, Department of Applied Entomology, T.A.R.I
(20(2):61-67)STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL CONTROL OF SOYBEAN INSECTS
No full text大豆害蟲之防治，過去經農業試驗所，高雄區及花連區農業改良場等試驗，對於防治根潛蠅、莖潛蠅、紅蜘蛛及蚜蟲等之大豆生育初期害蟲，以官能粒狀殺蟲劑如：5 % PSP 204 G., 5 % Di-syston G.及10% Thimet G.等，於大豆播種時施用於播種溝中，對預防此等害蟲有良好效果。本試驗注重大豆生育中、後期害蟲之防治，如白綠螟蛾（Etiella zinckenella Treit.）及綠樁象(Nexara viridula L.)等。本試驗春、夏季共舉行二次，試驗經費由中國農村復興委員會補助。試驗中承臺大嚴奉琰教授，本所應用動物系邱瑞珍主任及陶家駒技正，諸先生之鼓勵與斧正，試驗時得技術員施新富先生協助調查整理，特此一併申請。
This work was carried out to study the effectiveness of different insecticides in controlling soybean insect pests throughout the growing season. Besides soybean stem miner (Agrimyza (Melanagromyza) phaseori Coqu.) and soybean root miner (Melanagromyza dolichostigma de meij.) infesting seedling of soybean, as row treatment with Di-syston, Solvires, PSP 204 and Thimet G. were very effective. Soybean looper (Plusia agrata Stgr.) [Phytometra agrata Stgr.], Cabbage looper (Plusia ni Hubner) [Phytometra (Trichoplusia) ni Hubmer], Taiwan yellow tussoch moth (Porrthesis taiwan Shirkai), Benan tussock moth (Dasychira locuples confuse Bremer) [Cifuna locuples Walker] and Tobacco cutworm (Prodenia litura Fab.) were found during the growing stage. Lima bean pod borer (Etiella zinkenella Treit.), Southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula Lima), Bean bug (Riptortus clavatus Thun.) and Smaller green leafhopper (Chlorita floqvesceus Fab.) [Chlorita formosana Paoli.] were found infesting soybean podding stage.
The works were done in spring and summer crops respectively. All insecticides were sprayed once before blooming and additional one (summer) or two (spring) applications after blooming. The insects recorded after each treatment indicating that the best results were obtaind by the treatment of 75% Matacil wp (1:1500), 45% PIN ec (1:1000) and 35% Thiodan ec (1:1000), 50% Sumithion ec (1:1000), 25% 6538 ec (1:500) and 50% Ambithion ec (1:1000) were proved to be the effective control of Lima bean pod borer and stink bug
(22(4):285-289)SOIL TREATMENT WITH GRANULAR INSEC-TICIDES AGAINST ONION THRIPS, THRIPS TABACI LINDEMEN
No full text蔥薊馬是蔥、韮、蒜等石蒜科蔬菜之重要害蟲，在本省多於低溫期9月至翌年4月間發生為害，被害嚴重之葉多數呈發育不良、萎縮，甚致枯死，故影響產量甚鉅。本試驗採用8種粒狀殺蟲劑，處理定植溝土壤，每種藥劑分二種藥量，即每公頃有效成分1.0及1.5公斤，施藥後立即定植蔥苗，經30、50、70及90天調查潛蠅之為害率。結果除Dyfonate藥效較差外，其他各處理均有良好效果，惟高藥量（1.5公斤／公頃）比低藥量（1.0公斤／公頃）之藥效為佳，同時藥劑間以Thimet與Cyolane比其他藥劑Disyston, Solvirex, PSP 204, Perfekthion及Hosdon之藥效長，前者約可維持90天左右，後者約可維持40天左右。
Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindemen) is a major insect pest of Green onion, Chinese leek, Onion, Garlic and other Amaryllidaceae crops in Taiwan. Parathion, PM, or EPN sprays are frequently used by the farmers in the cooler season during October to next April every year. However, the control expenses seems rather high because of repeat applications, long growing period of green onion or other Amaryllidaceae crops have to be applied every 7-10 days during the 4 growing months.
The test was conducted at Hsiang-Shan, Hsin-Chu from October 1970 to next February, 1971, to determine the effectiveness of soil treatment between 8 different granular insecticides for the control of onion thrips on Green onion. Rates of 1.0 and 1.5 kg a. i. per hectare were tested respectively for each granular insecticides and the total 16 treatments and one control were designed. Randomized Complete Block Design four replications. The insecticides were applied into furrow of ground before planting. Percentage of infestation were counted on 30. 50. 70. and 90 days after treatment. Tested crop was harvested on February 20, 118 days after planting and then counting the yield.
The results indicated that all of the insecticides except for Dyfonate G. could give effective control of Onion thrips. The higher dosage of the same tested insecticide, the better control of the target insect. For instance, at the rate of 1.5 kg a. i. / ha. Disyston 5G., Solvirex 5G., PSP204 5G., Perfekthion 5G., and Hosdon 5G., all gave significant difference than the lower rates as 1.0kg a. i. /ha. respectively. However, the best result obtained from the treatment of Thimet 10G. and Cyolane 10G, at rate of 1.0kg a. i. /ha were found as well as the highest rate of other insecticides and moreover. It can be concluded as the application of these two granular insecticides will he proved to be good for the insect pest during the long growing season, because of the lower cost of application and higher yield. The yield of all treatment plots have shown 8.20-72.49% more than the untreated plots
sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345211051967 – Supplemental material for Host Genetic Associations with Salivary Microbiome in Oral Cancer
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345211051967 for Host Genetic Associations with Salivary Microbiome in Oral Cancer by S.F. Yang, C.W. Lin, C.Y. Chuang, Y.C. Lee, W.H. Chung, H.C. Lai, L.C. Chang and S.C. Su in Journal of Dental Research</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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